川东南高温伏旱区杂交中稻超稀栽培对稻米整精米率的影响与组合间库源结构的关系

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2005.0110

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以18个杂交中稻组合材料,研究了超稀栽培与传统栽培间稻米整精米率的变异与组合间库源结构的关系。结果表明:中小穗型组合在超稀栽培条件下的整精米率会明显改善,而大穗型组合的整精米率反而降低。其原因在于中小穗型组合在传统栽培条件下的叶粒比和灌浆速率较高,改为超稀栽培后,叶粒比和灌浆速率明显降低,相对提高了籽粒容重,近而提高了整精米率。大穗型组合在传统栽培条件下的叶粒比和灌浆速率较低,改为超稀栽培后,叶粒比和灌浆速率进一步明显降低,此时因库源比例失调,源明显不足以致籽粒充实度差,从而相对降低了籽粒容重和整精米率。超稀栽培应选用传统栽培条件下着粒数不超过177粒的组合为宜。

关键词: 杂交中稻, 超稀栽培, 整精米率, 库源结构

Abstract:

Many studies on grain quality as affected by rice cultivation density have been conducted on one or two rice varieties, but there are few studies on varieties of hybrid midseason-rice. The hybrid midseason-rice grown in southern and eastern Sichuan Province has very low grain quality, especially the percentage of head milled rice, because of high temperatures and summer droughts. This paper explores the effects of low density cultivation on the percentage of head milled rice and source to sink ratios of varieties of hybrid midseason-rice, and it provides a theoretical and practical basis for improved cultivation.
The experiment was conducted with eighteen mid-season rice hybrids grown at two densities, a low density cultivation and a traditional cultivation system, in a randomized block design with 4 replications using two hybrids (a big-panicle type hybrid 'Gangyou 22' and a small-panicle type hybrid 'II you 7') with 3 different treatments of grain or leaf cut. By using variance, correlation and regression analysis, the results indicated that the percentage of head milled rice increased in hybrids with small-medium panicles under low density cultivation but not for the hybrids with big-panicles. This was because of the significant decrease in the leaf to grain ratio and grain filling rate of hybrids for small-middle panicle under low density cultivation, as compared to the traditional cultivation system, resulting in an increase in the grain unit weight and percentage of head milled rice. The leaf to grain ratio and the grain filling rate of big panicle hybrids were low in traditional cultivation, and decreased significantly under low density cultivation, causing a decrease in the grain unit weight and percentage of head milled rice. These results were produced because of an imbalance in the leaf to grain ratios. Hybrids with less than 177 spikelets per panicle under cultivation using traditional densities can adapt to the low density cultivation in the eastern and southern regions of Sichuan Province.

Key words: Hybrid rice, Density, Head milled rice, Source to sink ratio

徐富贤, 熊洪, 朱永川, 谢戎, 王贵雄. 川东南高温伏旱区杂交中稻超稀栽培对稻米整精米率的影响与组合间库源结构的关系. 植物生态学报, 2005, 29(5): 829-835. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2005.0110

XU Fu-Xian, XIONG Hong, ZHU Yong-Chuan, XIE Rong, WANG Gui-Xiong. THE EFFECTS OF CULTIVATION DENSITY ON THE PERCENT OF HEAD MILLED RICE AND SOURCE TO SINK RATIOS OF MID-SEASON HYBRID RICE IN EASTERN AND SOUTHERN SICHUAN PROVINCE. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2005, 29(5): 829-835. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2005.0110

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2005.0110

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2005/V29/I5/829

图/表 10

参考文献 9

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整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合 Hybrid	超稀栽培 (SSC)(%)	传统栽培 (TC)(%)	SSC-TC
整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合 Hybrid	超稀栽培 (SSC)(%)	传统栽培 (TC)(%)	(%)	T检验值
增加组合 (SIH)	‘D优162’‘D you 162’	57.64	41.80	15.84	17.60^**
	‘II优57’‘II you 57’	51.89	39.32	12.57	6.92^**
	‘II优602’‘II you 602’	51.77	39.35	12.42	15.33^**
	‘II优7号’‘II you 7’	35.44	23.93	11.51	19.38^**
	‘D优527’‘D you 527’	41.45	30.43	11.02	14.11^**
	‘II-32A/2041’	46.47	37.84	8.63	3.77^*
	‘冈优602’‘ Gangyou 602’	39.85	31.41	8.44	4.96^*
	‘II优4176’‘ II you 4176’	53.92	46.56	7.36	4.75^*
持平组合 (NDH)	‘K18/725’	47.12	43.63	3.49	2.19^NS
	‘D优602’‘D you 602’	53.47	50.28	3.19	2.84^NS
	‘汕优63’‘Shuangyou 63’	42.32	39.88	2.44	1.93^NS
	‘冈优151’‘Gangyou 151’	41.36	46.03	-4.67	-2.86^NS
降低组合 (SDH)	‘II优725’‘II you 725’	24.60	33.94	-9.34	-4.37^*
	‘D62/R102’	35.85	47.40	-11.55	-8.71^**
	‘冈优1577’‘Gangyou 1577’	30.98	43.81	-12.83	-10.06^**
	‘金优725’‘Jinyou 725’	35.01	47.96	-12.95	-12.47^**
	‘冈优22’‘Gangyou 22’	33.60	46.67	-13.07	-23.59^**
	‘冈优725’‘Gangyou 725’	34.33	50.41	-16.08	-9.74^**
方差分析F值 F value		17.67^**	25.97^**	12.40^**

整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合 Hybrid	超稀栽培 (SSC)(%)	传统栽培 (TC)(%)	SSC-TC
整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合 Hybrid	超稀栽培 (SSC)(%)	传统栽培 (TC)(%)	(%)	T检验值
增加组合 (SIH)	‘D优162’‘D you 162’	57.64	41.80	15.84	17.60^**
	‘II优57’‘II you 57’	51.89	39.32	12.57	6.92^**
	‘II优602’‘II you 602’	51.77	39.35	12.42	15.33^**
	‘II优7号’‘II you 7’	35.44	23.93	11.51	19.38^**
	‘D优527’‘D you 527’	41.45	30.43	11.02	14.11^**
	‘II-32A/2041’	46.47	37.84	8.63	3.77^*
	‘冈优602’‘ Gangyou 602’	39.85	31.41	8.44	4.96^*
	‘II优4176’‘ II you 4176’	53.92	46.56	7.36	4.75^*
持平组合 (NDH)	‘K18/725’	47.12	43.63	3.49	2.19^NS
	‘D优602’‘D you 602’	53.47	50.28	3.19	2.84^NS
	‘汕优63’‘Shuangyou 63’	42.32	39.88	2.44	1.93^NS
	‘冈优151’‘Gangyou 151’	41.36	46.03	-4.67	-2.86^NS
降低组合 (SDH)	‘II优725’‘II you 725’	24.60	33.94	-9.34	-4.37^*
	‘D62/R102’	35.85	47.40	-11.55	-8.71^**
	‘冈优1577’‘Gangyou 1577’	30.98	43.81	-12.83	-10.06^**
	‘金优725’‘Jinyou 725’	35.01	47.96	-12.95	-12.47^**
	‘冈优22’‘Gangyou 22’	33.60	46.67	-13.07	-23.59^**
	‘冈优725’‘Gangyou 725’	34.33	50.41	-16.08	-9.74^**
方差分析F值 F value		17.67^**	25.97^**	12.40^**

整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合数 No. of hybrids	栽培方式 Cultivation way	着粒数(粒/穗) Spikelets per panicle
整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合数 No. of hybrids	栽培方式 Cultivation way	变幅 Range	平均值 Average value
增加组合SIH	8	超稀栽培SSC	175.19~197.61	184.72
		传统栽培TC	143.79~169.22	155.96
持平组合NDH	4	超稀栽培SSC	192.17~209.25	201.17
		传统栽培TC	171.94~186.82	180.24
降低组合SDH	6	超稀栽培SSC	216.02~270.71	239.37
		传统栽培TC	189.33~217.22	196.30

整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合数 No. of hybrids	栽培方式 Cultivation way	着粒数(粒/穗) Spikelets per panicle
整精米率表现 Show of head milled rice	组合数 No. of hybrids	栽培方式 Cultivation way	变幅 Range	平均值 Average value
增加组合SIH	8	超稀栽培SSC	175.19~197.61	184.72
		传统栽培TC	143.79~169.22	155.96
持平组合NDH	4	超稀栽培SSC	192.17~209.25	201.17
		传统栽培TC	171.94~186.82	180.24
降低组合SDH	6	超稀栽培SSC	216.02~270.71	239.37
		传统栽培TC	189.33~217.22	196.30

项目 Item	着粒数(粒·穗^-1) SPP		叶粒比(mg·粒^-1) LGR		灌浆速率(mg·粒^-1·d^-1) GFR		容重(mg·mL^-1) GU
项目 Item	SSC	TC	SSC	TC	SSC	TC	SSC	TC
极大值Max.	270.71	217.22	8.04	8.21	1.34	1.44	1.36	1.28
极小值Min.	175.19	143.79	5.31	5.45	0.94	0.99	0.86	0.95
平均值Mean	206.71	174.79	6.64	7.04	1.20	1.31	1.07	1.10
方差分析F值 F value	20.60^**	17.83^**	9.56^**	12.89^**	8.74^**	10.06^**	13.71^**	11.40^**