模拟酸沉降对南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物群落结构的长期影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0217

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 298-308.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0217

模拟酸沉降对南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物群落结构的长期影响

胡苑柳¹^,², 陈国茵¹^,², 陈静文¹^,², 孙连伟¹^,², 李健陵¹, 窦宁¹, 张德强¹, 邓琦¹^,^*()

¹中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510650
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-06-29 接受日期:2020-09-27 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-05-17
通讯作者: 邓琦
作者简介:* (dengqi@scbg.ac.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31870461);广东省“珠江人才计划”青年拔尖人才项目(2019QN01L763)

Effects of long-term simulated acid rain on soil microbial community structure in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern China

HU Yuan-Liu¹^,², CHEN Guo-Yin¹^,², CHEN Jing-Wen¹^,², SUN Lian-Wei¹^,², LI Jian-Ling¹, DOU Ning¹, ZHANG De-Qiang¹, DENG Qi¹^,^*()

¹South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-06-29 Accepted:2020-09-27 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-05-17
Contact: DENG Qi
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870461);Young Top-Notch Talent Project in “Pearl River Talent Plan” of Guangdong, China(2019QN01L763)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤微生物是生态系统重要的组成成分, 尤其是在土壤风化严重, 养分贫瘠的热带和南亚热带森林生态系统中, 微生物在植物养分的获取、碳循环以及土壤的形成等生态过程中的作用尤为重要。该研究基于鼎湖山南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林长期(10年)的野外模拟酸沉降实验平台, 探究了土壤微生物群落结构对土壤酸化的响应。结果表明, 酸沉降处理显著降低土壤pH (即加剧酸化)。土壤酸化对微生物生物量碳(C)含量的影响不大, 但改变了土壤微生物生物量氮(N)和磷(P)的含量, 导致表层土壤(0-10 cm)微生物生物量C:P和N:P显著提高, 表明土壤酸化可能加剧了微生物P限制。土壤酸化还显著改变了土壤微生物群落结构, 导致次表层土壤(10-20 cm)真菌:细菌显著增加。进一步分析表明, 土壤pH和土壤有效P含量是影响土壤微生物群落最为主要的两个因素。

关键词: 土壤酸化, 微生物化学计量, 真菌:细菌, 磷限制

Abstract:

Aims Soil microorganisms are an important component of terrestrial ecosystems and play a critical role in regulating multiple ecological processes such as nutrient acquisition, carbon cycle, and soil formation, especially in the tropical forests where soils are highly weathered with poor nutrients. The objective of this study was to examine the response of soil microbial community under long-term simulated acid rain (SAR) and investigate the most important factors influencing microbial community structure.
Methods Based on a long-term (10-year) field SAR experiment, we investigate the response of soil microbial community structure to soil acidification in the south subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest of Dinghushan National Nature Reserve. Four levels of SAR treatments were set by adding the following amount of H⁺: 0 (CK), 9.6, 32 and 96 mol·hm^-2·a^-1.
Important findings 1) The SAR treatment significantly reduced the pH value of soil (i.e., increased soil acidification). 2) Soil acidification did not significantly influence microbial carbon (C) content, but changed microbial nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents, leading to significant increases in microbial C:P and N:P in topsoil (0-10 cm). This result indicated that soil acidification might aggravate microbial P limitation. 3) Soil acidification also altered the microbial community structure and significantly increased the fungal/bacterial ratio in the subsoil (10-20 cm). Further analysis showed that soil pH and available P content were the most important factors affecting the soil microbial communities under the SAR treatment.

Key words: soil acidification, microbial stoichiometry, fungal:bacterial, phosphorus limitation

胡苑柳, 陈国茵, 陈静文, 孙连伟, 李健陵, 窦宁, 张德强, 邓琦. 模拟酸沉降对南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物群落结构的长期影响. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(3): 298-308. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0217

HU Yuan-Liu, CHEN Guo-Yin, CHEN Jing-Wen, SUN Lian-Wei, LI Jian-Ling, DOU Ning, ZHANG De-Qiang, DENG Qi. Effects of long-term simulated acid rain on soil microbial community structure in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(3): 298-308. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0217

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图/表 6

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微生物类群 Microbial type		磷脂脂肪酸标志物 Phospholipid fatty acid signatures
细菌 Bacteria	常见细菌 Common bacteria	12:0, 14:0, 15:0, 17:0, 20:0
	革兰氏阳性菌 Gram-positive bacteria	16:0, 18:0, 16:0 2OH, a13:0, a15:0, a17:0, i13:0, i14:0, i15:0, i16:0
	放线菌 Actinomycetes	10Me 16:0, 10Me 17:0, 10Me18:0, i17:0
	革兰氏阴性菌 Gram-negative bacteria	14:1w5c, 16:1w7c, 18:1w7c, 18:1w9c, cy17:0, 10Me17:1w7c
真菌 Fungi	常见真菌 Common fungi	18:1 w9c, 18:2w6c, 18:3 w3c
真菌 Fungi	丛枝菌根真菌 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi	16:1w5c

微生物类群 Microbial type		磷脂脂肪酸标志物 Phospholipid fatty acid signatures
细菌 Bacteria	常见细菌 Common bacteria	12:0, 14:0, 15:0, 17:0, 20:0
	革兰氏阳性菌 Gram-positive bacteria	16:0, 18:0, 16:0 2OH, a13:0, a15:0, a17:0, i13:0, i14:0, i15:0, i16:0
	放线菌 Actinomycetes	10Me 16:0, 10Me 17:0, 10Me18:0, i17:0
	革兰氏阴性菌 Gram-negative bacteria	14:1w5c, 16:1w7c, 18:1w7c, 18:1w9c, cy17:0, 10Me17:1w7c
真菌 Fungi	常见真菌 Common fungi	18:1 w9c, 18:2w6c, 18:3 w3c
真菌 Fungi	丛枝菌根真菌 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi	16:1w5c

土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	土壤pH Soil pH	含水量 SWC (%)	有机碳含量 SOC content (g·kg^-1)	氨态氮含量 NH₄⁺-N content (mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮含量 NO₃^--N content (mg·kg^-1)	总氮含量 TN content (g·kg^-1)	有效磷含量 AP content (mg·kg^-1)	总磷含量 TP content (g·kg^-1)	总氮:总磷 TC:TN
0-10	CK	4.18^a (0.03)	43.76^a (1.20)	35.25 (1.22)	1.36 (0.16)	15.85^a (1.02)	2.37 (0.01)	1.68^a (0.12)	0.24^a (0.01)	14.93^bc (0.25)
	T1	4.05^b (0.03)	41.68^a (1.14)	37.71 (2.60)	1.16 (0.25)	10.94^ab (0.90)	2.66 (0.13)	1.47^ab (0.15)	0.19^b (0.01)	14.11^c (0.40)
	T2	3.89^c (0.06)	35.42^b (1.15)	40.43 (3.90)	1.68 (0.24)	9.82^b (1.12)	2.50 (0.19)	0.95^b (0.16)	0.19^b (0.01)	16.00^ab (0.42)
	T3	3.90^c (0.03)	37.34^b (2.17)	41.26 (2.32)	1.94 (0.30)	12.55^ab (1.94)	2.44 (0.14)	1.20^ab (0.07)	0.16^c (0.01)	16.94^a (0.23)
10-20	CK	4.22^a (0.01)	36.31^a (0.85)	25.36 (0.93)	1.18 (0.14)	8.85 (0.61)	1.68 (0.06)	0.69 (0.05)	0.19^a (0.01)	15.13^b (0.31)
	T1	4.14^a (0.03)	36.19^a (0.89)	24.60 (1.98)	0.75 (0.09)	6.57 (0.66)	1.76 (0.11)	0.79 (0.12)	0.15^bc (0.01)	13.95^b (0.36)
	T2	3.98^b (0.04)	31.06^b (0.68)	26.64 (2.13)	1.58 (0.41)	6.87 (0.77)	1.83 (0.14)	0.47 (0.11)	0.16^b (0.01)	14.57^b (0.44)
	T3	4.03^b (0.02)	32.26^b (1.25)	28.66 (1.67)	1.56 (0.30)	7.31 (0.87)	1.74 (0.11)	0.72 (0.08)	0.13^c (0.01)	16.60^a (0.47)

土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	土壤pH Soil pH	含水量 SWC (%)	有机碳含量 SOC content (g·kg^-1)	氨态氮含量 NH₄⁺-N content (mg·kg^-1)	硝态氮含量 NO₃^--N content (mg·kg^-1)	总氮含量 TN content (g·kg^-1)	有效磷含量 AP content (mg·kg^-1)	总磷含量 TP content (g·kg^-1)	总氮:总磷 TC:TN
0-10	CK	4.18^a (0.03)	43.76^a (1.20)	35.25 (1.22)	1.36 (0.16)	15.85^a (1.02)	2.37 (0.01)	1.68^a (0.12)	0.24^a (0.01)	14.93^bc (0.25)
	T1	4.05^b (0.03)	41.68^a (1.14)	37.71 (2.60)	1.16 (0.25)	10.94^ab (0.90)	2.66 (0.13)	1.47^ab (0.15)	0.19^b (0.01)	14.11^c (0.40)
	T2	3.89^c (0.06)	35.42^b (1.15)	40.43 (3.90)	1.68 (0.24)	9.82^b (1.12)	2.50 (0.19)	0.95^b (0.16)	0.19^b (0.01)	16.00^ab (0.42)
	T3	3.90^c (0.03)	37.34^b (2.17)	41.26 (2.32)	1.94 (0.30)	12.55^ab (1.94)	2.44 (0.14)	1.20^ab (0.07)	0.16^c (0.01)	16.94^a (0.23)
10-20	CK	4.22^a (0.01)	36.31^a (0.85)	25.36 (0.93)	1.18 (0.14)	8.85 (0.61)	1.68 (0.06)	0.69 (0.05)	0.19^a (0.01)	15.13^b (0.31)
	T1	4.14^a (0.03)	36.19^a (0.89)	24.60 (1.98)	0.75 (0.09)	6.57 (0.66)	1.76 (0.11)	0.79 (0.12)	0.15^bc (0.01)	13.95^b (0.36)
	T2	3.98^b (0.04)	31.06^b (0.68)	26.64 (2.13)	1.58 (0.41)	6.87 (0.77)	1.83 (0.14)	0.47 (0.11)	0.16^b (0.01)	14.57^b (0.44)
	T3	4.03^b (0.02)	32.26^b (1.25)	28.66 (1.67)	1.56 (0.30)	7.31 (0.87)	1.74 (0.11)	0.72 (0.08)	0.13^c (0.01)	16.60^a (0.47)

土层 Soil layer (cm)	处理 Treatment	总量 Total	细菌 B	革兰氏阳性菌 G+	革兰氏阴性菌 G-	放线菌 A	真菌 F	丛枝菌根真菌 AMF	真菌:细菌 F:B	革兰氏阳性菌:阴性菌 G+:G-
0-10	CK	34.07 (1.70)	29.74 (1.51)	24.29 (1.25)	4.15 (0.24)	6.52 (0.35)	4.33 (0.19)	1.05 (0.07)	0.15^b (0.01)	5.89 (0.18)
	T1	36.25 (1.76)	31.55 (1.57)	25.83 (1.31)	4.15 (0.19)	6.76 (0.34)	4.69 (0.23)	0.97 (0.06)	0.15^b (0.01)	6.21 (0.13)
	T2	31.54 (1.78)	26.76 (1.47)	21.87 (1.28)	3.60 (0.19)	5.68 (0.30)	4.77 (0.32)	0.89 (0.06)	0.18^a (0.01)	6.14 (0.32)
	T3	31.90 (2.70)	27.70 (2.31)	22.43 (1.87)	3.87 (0.37)	5.95 (0.49)	4.20 (0.40)	0.83 (0.07)	0.15^b (0.01)	5.92 (0.29)
10-20	CK	20.72 (1.58)	18.45 (1.37)	14.86 (1.14)	2.79 (0.18)	4.29 (0.31)	2.27^c (0.21)	0.51^b (0.05)	0.12^c (0.01)	5.30 (0.13)
	T1	26.38 (1.72)	23.09 (1.50)	18.53 (1.23)	3.46 (0.21)	5.03 (0.30)	3.29^ab (0.25)	0.60^ab (0.05)	0.14^b (0.01)	5.37 (0.26)
	T2	26.73 (1.29)	22.84 (1.07)	18.64 (0.90)	3.10 (0.21)	4.98 (0.24)	3.90^a (0.25)	0.69^a (0.03)	0.17^a (0.01)	6.16 (0.35)
	T3	22.86 (1.74)	19.94 (1.52)	15.91 (1.23)	3.02 (0.23)	4.29 (0.32)	2.92^bc (0.25)	0.54^ab (0.05)	0.15^b (0.01)	5.30 (0.21)

模拟酸沉降对南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林土壤微生物群落结构的长期影响

Effects of long-term simulated acid rain on soil microbial community structure in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in southern China

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