热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种木质部栓塞抗性与其解剖结构及相关性状间的关系

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0016

植物生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (7): 888-902.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0016 cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2024.0016

所属专题：植物功能性状

热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种木质部栓塞抗性与其解剖结构及相关性状间的关系

马琳¹, 巢林¹^,², 何雨莎¹, 李忠国², 王爱华¹, 刘晟源³, 胡宝清¹, 刘艳艳¹^,^*()()

¹南宁师范大学地理与海洋研究院, 北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室, 南宁 530001
²中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心, 广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广西凭祥 532600
³广西弄岗国家级自然保护区管理中心, 广西龙州 532400

收稿日期:2024-01-19 接受日期:2024-05-06 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-05-16
通讯作者: * 刘艳艳(liuyanyan5000@163.com),ORCID: 0000-0003-0151-8509
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31800333);国家自然科学基金(32160252);中央引导地方科技发展基金(Guangxi Science Fund AD19245133);中央引导地方科技发展基金(Guangxi Science Fund AD20238078);中国博士后科学基金(2019M663870XB);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFBA138009);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFAA281277)

Relationship of embolism resistance with xylem anatomical structure and related traits of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforests

MA Lin¹, CHAO Lin¹^,², HE Yu-Sha¹, LI Zhong-Guo², WANG Ai-Hua¹, LIU Sheng-Yuan³, HU Bao-Qing¹, LIU Yan-Yan¹^,^*()()

¹Institute of Geography and Oceanography, Nanning Normal University, Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resource Use in Beibu Gulf (Ministry of Education), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning 530001, China
²Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, Guangxi 532600, China
³Administration Ceter of Guangxi Nonggang National Nature Reserve, Longzhou, Guangxi 532400, China.

Received:2024-01-19 Accepted:2024-05-06 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-05-16
Contact: * LIU Yan-Yan(liuyanyan5000@163.com),ORCID: 0000-0003-0151-8509
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800333);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160252);Project for Local Science and Technology Development in Central Government Guides(Guangxi Science Fund AD19245133);Project for Local Science and Technology Development in Central Government Guides(Guangxi Science Fund AD20238078);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M663870XB);Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2018GXNSFBA138009);Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(2018GXNSFAA281277)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在全球气候变化背景下, 干旱诱导木质部栓塞被认为是驱动树木死亡的主要因素。因此, 分析木质部栓塞抗性(用导水率损失50%的水势(P₅₀)表示)的内在解剖决定因素对于理解其结构与功能间的机制具有重要意义, 为气候变化背景下植被恢复树种选择提供理论依据。该研究测定广西弄岗喀斯特森林内12个主要常绿树种的木质部导管直径、导管组指数、组分占比、纹孔形态和纹孔膜超微结构, 同时结合木质部储水特征(如木材密度和饱和含水量), 综合分析干旱诱导木质部栓塞抗性与其解剖结构以及储水特征之间的关系。结果显示: (1) P₅₀与导管直径、密度、导管组指数以及组分占比间的相关性均不显著; (2) P₅₀与纹孔形态特征以及纹孔膜厚度和纹孔腔深度等特征间的相关性均不显著; (3) P₅₀与木材密度显著负相关, 与饱和含水量边缘显著正相关, 即木材密度较大、饱和含水量较低的树种表现出较强的栓塞抗性。研究结果表明, 运用单一的解剖结构来评估栓塞抗性是不全面的; 此外, 木质部水分存储能力与栓塞抗性之间的权衡关系对于深入理解喀斯特植物耐旱性的内在结构机制以及多元化的水分利用策略具有重要的生态学意义。

关键词: 木材密度, 饱和含水量, 木质部导管, 纹孔, 纹孔膜

Abstract:

Aims In the context of global climate change, drought-induced xylem embolism is considered as the main factor driving tree death. Therefore, analyzing the intrinsic anatomical determinants of xylem embolism resistance (water potential at 50% loss of xylem conductivity, P₅₀) is of great significance for understanding the mechanism between its structure and function, and provides a theoretical basis for the selection of tree species for vegetation restoration in the context of climate change.
Methods We measured the xylem vessel diameter, vessel grouping index, fractions of xylem tissues, pit morphology, pit membrane ultrastructure and water storage capacity (such as wood density and saturated water content), and explored the relationships between xylem embolism resistance and their anatomical structure and structural characteristics of 12 main evergreen tree species in Nonggang karst forest of Guangxi.
Important findings We found that: (1) P₅₀ had no significant correlation with vessel diameter, density, vessel grouping index and fraction of xylem tissues; (2) The correlations between P₅₀ and pit morphology, thickness of pit membrane and depth of pit chamber were not significant; (3) P₅₀ was negatively correlated with wood density and marginally positively correlated with saturated water content. Tree species with high wood density and low saturated water content had strong embolism resistance. The results indicated that using a single anatomical structure trait could not give out comprehensive evaluation on drought-induced embolic resistance. In addition, there was a trade-off between xylem water capacity and embolism resistance. This result was of great ecological significance for deeply understanding the internal structural mechanism of drought tolerance and diversified water use strategies of karst plants.

Key words: wood density, saturated water content, xylem vessel, pit, pit membrane

马琳, 巢林, 何雨莎, 李忠国, 王爱华, 刘晟源, 胡宝清, 刘艳艳. 热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种木质部栓塞抗性与其解剖结构及相关性状间的关系. 植物生态学报, 2024, 48(7): 888-902. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0016

MA Lin, CHAO Lin, HE Yu-Sha, LI Zhong-Guo, WANG Ai-Hua, LIU Sheng-Yuan, HU Bao-Qing, LIU Yan-Yan. Relationship of embolism resistance with xylem anatomical structure and related traits of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforests. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2024, 48(7): 888-902. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0016

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0016

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I7/888

图/表 7

图1 广西热带喀斯特季节性雨林研究地基本情况。A, 弄岗气候图。B, 弄岗峰丛深切圆洼地地貌。C, 样地内部。

Fig. 1 Basic situation of the study site in tropical karst seasonal rainforests in Guangxi. A, Climate of Nonggang. B, Landform of deeply incised karst peak cluster with circular depressions of Nonggang. C, Interior of the sample site.

表1 热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种的基本信息

Table 1 Basic information of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforest

树种 Species	科 Family	最大导管长度 Maximum vessel length (cm)
蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense	锦葵科 Malvaceae	85.0
闭花木 Cleistanthus sumatranus	叶下珠科 Phyllanthaceae	93.9
网脉核果木 Drypetes perreticulata	核果木科 Putranjivaceae	53.5
海南大风子 Hydnocarpus hainanensis	青钟麻科 Achariaceae	35.0
割舌树 Walsura robusta	楝科 Meliaceae	71.6
金丝李 Garcinia paucinervis	藤黄科 Clusiaceae	92.3
茎花山柚 Champereia manillana	山柚子科 Opiliaceae	96.8
三角车 Rinorea bengalensis	堇菜科 Violaceae	94.8
细叶谷木 Memecylon scutellatum	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	52.8
淡黄金花茶 Camellia grandis	山茶科 Theaceae	115.7
南方紫金牛 Ardisia thyrsiflora	报春花科 Primulaceae	79.0
广西澄广花 Orophea polycarpa	番荔枝科 Annonaceae	72.6

图2 热带喀斯特季节性雨林植物木质部导管组分与纹孔。A, 光学显微镜下的各组织细胞。紫色箭头是导管, 红色箭头是射线薄壁细胞, 绿色箭头是轴向薄壁细胞, 黄色框中是纤维。B, 扫描电子显微镜下的非覆物纹孔。红色实线代表纹孔膜, 虚线代表纹孔口。C, 扫描电子显微镜下的覆物纹孔。D, 透射电镜下的纹孔膜结构。蓝色箭头依次代表纹孔腔深度(Lp)和纹孔膜厚度(Tm)。

Fig. 2 Xylem tissue components and pits of plants in tropical karst seasonal rainforest. A, Various tissue cells under an optical microscope. Purple, red, green arrows and the yellow box represent the vessel, ray parenchyma, axial parenchyma, and fiber, respectively. B, Non-vestured pits under a scanning electron microscope. Red solid and dashed lines represent the pit membrane and the pit aperture, respectively. C, Vestured pits under a scanning electron microscope. D, Pit membrane under an transmission electron microscopy. Blue arrows are the depth of pit cavity (Lp) and the thickness of pit membrane (Tm).

表2 热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种相关性状缩写、含义及单位

Table 2 Trait abbreviation, definition and unit of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforest

性状缩写 Abbreviation	含义 Definition	单位 Unit
P₅₀	木质部导水率损失50%时的水势 Water potential at 50% loss of xylem conductivity	MPa
WD	木材密度 Wood density	g∙cm^-3
SWC	饱和含水量 Saturated water content	-
MVL	最大导管长度 Maximum vessel length	cm
D_h	导管水力直径 Hydraulically weighted vessel diameter	μm
VD	导管密度 Vessel density	no∙mm^-2
VWR	导管壁加固系数 Vessel wall reinforcement coefficient	-
V_s	独立导管指数=独立导管数/导管总数 Solitary vessel index = number of single vessels / total number of vessels	-
V_g	导管组指数=导管成组数/总导管数 Vessel grouping index = total number of vessel groups / total number of vessels	-
VF	导管占比 Vessel fraction	%
APF	轴向薄壁细胞占比 Axial parenchyma fraction	%
RPF	射线薄壁细胞占比 Ray parenchyma fraction	%
TPF	总薄壁细胞占比 Xylem total parenchyma fraction	%
FF	纤维细胞占比 Fiber fraction	%
A_p	纹孔膜表面积 Pit membrane area	μm²
A_PA	纹孔口表面积 Pit aperture surface area	μm²
A_pf	纹孔口形状=纹孔口径的短轴/长轴 Pit aperture shape = the shortest/longest axis of the pit aperture	-
A_ap	纹孔口面积占导管壁面积的百分比 Percentage of total aperture area in unit intervessel wall area	%
F_pf	纹孔占据导管壁面积的百分比 Percentage of total pit area in unit intervessel wall	%
T_m	纹孔膜厚度 Thickness of intervessel pit membrane	nm
L_p	纹孔腔深度 Depth of pit chamber from membrane surface to inner edge of pit aperture	nm

图3 热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种木质部性状与解剖结构间的相关性。性状缩写见表2。*, p < 0.05。

Fig. 3 Pearson correlation of xylem traits and anatomical traits of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforest. Traits abbreviations are shown in Table 2. *, p < 0.05.

图4 热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种饱和含水量(SWC)、木材密度(WD)与木质部导水率丧失50%时的水势(P50)之间的关系。树种符号颜色同表1, 灰色区域为95%的置信区间。

Fig. 4 Relationship between saturated water content (SWC), wood density (WD) and water potential at 50% loss of xylem conductivity (P50) of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforest. Symbol and colors are as in Table 1, and grey areas are the 95% confidence intervals.

图5 热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种木质部性状与解剖结构的主成分分析(PCA), 树种符号颜色同表1, 性状缩写同表2。

Fig. 5 Principal components analysis (PCA) of xylem traits and anatomical traits of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforest. Symbol and colors as in Table 1. Traits abbreviations are shown in Table 2.

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热带喀斯特季节性雨林12个树种木质部栓塞抗性与其解剖结构及相关性状间的关系

Relationship of embolism resistance with xylem anatomical structure and related traits of 12 tree species in tropical karst seasonal rainforests

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