银缕梅(Parrotia subaequalis)是国家一级保护植物, 亦是极小种群野生植物中的珍稀代表。浙江安吉小鲵国家级自然保护区是银缕梅这一极小种群野生植物的重要分布地点之一，同时也是最早开展银缕梅研究的地点之一。然而, 至今针对该保护区内银缕梅种群特征的研究仍然相对匮乏，并且尚未对其原生生境的群落特征进行系统性的探讨。该研究在保护区内设置了22个银缕梅的原生生境群落样方, 详细调查了群落的物种组成和数量特征, 分析了各类群落的类型与特征; 并通过分析银缕梅种群的径级结构, 编制静态生命表和绘制存活曲线, 计算种群动态变化指数, 探究了银缕梅的种群动态。结果显示, 共调查到胸径≥1 cm的木本植物1457株(其中银缕梅121株), 隶属于106种82属44科; 22个银缕梅的原生生境植物群落可划分为14个群系; 银缕梅种群中胸径< 7.5 cm的幼苗和幼树数量较少, 仅总株数的22.31%, 种群更新困难; 物种存活曲线属Deevey-II型; 自然和干扰状态下的种群动态指数差异显著, 种群抵御外部干扰能力欠缺。基于以上研究结果, 该研究建议加强对安吉小鲵国家级自然保护区内银缕梅种群的就地保护, 实施针对银缕梅幼苗和幼树的管护, 开展对银缕梅种群和原生生境群落的长期监测。

The Parrotia subaequalis is classified as a first-class protected plant species in China and represents a rare example of plant species with extremely small populations. The Zhejiang Hynobius amjiensis National Nature Reserve serves as one of the key distribution sites for this critically endangered plant species, and is also among the earliest sites to conduct research on Parrotia subaequalis. However, investigations into the population characteristics of Parrotia subaequalis in this reserve remain relatively sparse, and there has yet to be a systematic exploration of the community characteristics associated with its primary habitat. This study established 22 plots representing the primary habitat communities for this species in the reserve. Detailed investigations were conducted to assess both species composition and quantitative attributes of these communities, alongside an analysis of various community types and their respective characteristics. Furthermore, by examining the diameter class structure of the Parrotia subaequalis population, compiling static life table, constructing survival curve, and calculating indices for changes in population dynamics, this study delved the intricate aspects of population dynamics of Parrotia subaequalis. The results indicated that a total of 1,457 woody plants (including 121 individuals of Parrotia subaequalis) with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of ≥ 1 cm were examined, representing 106 species across 82 genera and 44 families. The 22 plant communities were classified into 14 formations. The population of Parrotia subaequalis exhibited a relatively low proportion of seedlings and saplings with DBHs < 7.5 cm, comprising only 22.31% of the total individual count. This observation suggests significant challenges in the renewal of the population. The species survival curve conformed to the Deevey-II type. Notably, there were significant differences in population dynamic indices between natural and disturbed conditions, revealing an insufficient capacity for the population to withstand external disturbances. In light of these findings, this study recommends enhancing in-situ conservation efforts for Parrotia subaequalis populations in the Zhejiang Hynobius amjiensis National Nature Reserve. It is also essential to implement management and protection measures specifically targeting seedlings and saplings of Parrotia subaequalis while conducting long-term monitoring of both its populations and their associated primary habitat communities.