收稿日期: 2008-10-22
录用日期: 2009-01-20
网络出版日期: 2009-05-31
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(30470324);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金(KJ2007B169)
PATCH STRUCTURE AND COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS OF LARIX CHINENSIS FOREST ON MT. TAIBAI, CHINA
Received date: 2008-10-22
Accepted date: 2009-01-20
Online published: 2009-05-31
根据森林循环理论, 森林群落的动态是处于不同发育阶段的镶嵌系统。通过调查太白山亚高山针叶林带太白红杉 (Larix chinensis) 林的结构, 确定出4种斑块阶段 (林窗阶段、建立阶段、成熟阶段和衰退阶段), 研究了森林斑块动态变化和生物多样性变化规律, 并测定分析了不同斑块类型内光照和温度的日变化规律。结果表明:1) 群落内不同斑块类型的比例分别是:林窗阶段40.3%, 建立阶段34.0%, 成熟阶段17.2%, 退化阶段8.5%。2) 不同斑块类型内, 环境因子 (光照和温度等) 的日变化差异明显。其中, 在林窗阶段的光照强度和土壤表面温度要比其他3个阶段变化更大。3) 森林循环过程中, 不同高度和不同径级个体的密度存在着明显差异。4) 平均胸径、高度和平均基面积、个体平均体积和立地材积均随着森林的循环而增加。5) 森林循环过程中, 生物多样性的变化为波形的。运用自然干扰与斑块动态理论, 解释了太白红杉林循环过程中不同斑块之间生物多样性存在差异的可能原因。
段仁燕, 王孝安, 黄敏毅, 王志高, 汪超 . 太白红杉林斑块结构与群落特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2009 , 33(3) : 460 -468 . DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.03.005
Aims According to forest-growth-cycle theory, forest communities are dynamic, mosaic systems composed of patches in different developmental phases. Our purposes were to describe the patch mosaic patterns, quantify the distribution patterns of different patch types and compare the species composition and similarities of different patch types in the forest cycle.
Methods We recognized four distinct growth phases or patch types in Larix chinensis forest on Mt. Taibai, China and studied patterns of patch mosaics and changes in species diversity. We measured and analyzed diurnal changes in light and temperature regimes in different patch types.
Important findings The percentages of different patch types were gap phase 40.3%, building phase 34.0%, mature phase 17.2% and degenerate phase 8.5%. Environmental factors changed significantly, both diurnally and during the forest cycle. Light intensity and soil surface temperature changed more in the gap phase than the other three phases. There were significant differences in tree densities in the forest growth cycle. Average diameter at breast height (DBH), height, basal area, volume per individual and stand volume all increased during the forest cycle. Changes of species diversity with the forest growth cycle showed a wave-like pattern. The theories of natural disturbance and patch dynamics have dramatically advanced our knowledge of biodiversity maintenance.
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