光对热带雨林冠层树种绒毛番龙眼种子萌发及其幼苗早期建立的影响
收稿日期: 2007-02-05
录用日期: 2007-04-28
网络出版日期: 2007-11-30
EFFECTS OF LIGHT ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT OF A TROPICAL RAINFOREST CANOPY TREE, POMETIA TOMENTOSA
Received date: 2007-02-05
Accepted date: 2007-04-28
Online published: 2007-11-30
绒毛番龙眼(Pometia tomentosa)为西双版纳热带季节雨林标志树种,被列为中国珍稀濒危植物。对其开展种子及幼苗生态学研究可为珍稀濒危树种的保护及当地森林恢复提供科学依据。试验采用遮荫试验和野外试验相结合的方法,研究光对绒毛番龙眼种子萌发及幼苗早期建立的影响。结果表明:在遮荫试验30%(林窗中心光)、10%(林窗边缘光)和3.5%(林下光)3个光处理及森林3种生境(林窗中心、林窗边缘和林下)条件下,种子萌发率差异无显著性差异,均达到95%以上,且平均萌发周期小于6 d。3个光处理下的幼苗生长、生物量分配模式及气体交换参数差异显著。30%光下绒毛番龙眼幼苗的根重比(RMR)和茎重比(SMR)最高,10%和3.5%光下幼苗的叶重比(LMR)最高,3.5%光下的叶面积比(LAR)显著高于30%光下。30%光下绒毛番龙眼幼苗的最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)和光饱和点(Isat)在3个光处理中均最大,光补偿点(Icomp)则无显著性差异。绒毛番龙眼幼苗具耐荫性,能够在低光环境下长期存活且能缓慢生长;同时具有适应林窗光环境生长的能力,如高的质量相对生长速率(RGRM)和高度相对生长速率(RGRH)。林窗的出现是绒毛番龙眼进行成功更新的必要条件,水分可能是限制其幼苗生境选择的另一环境因子。
于洋, 曹敏, 郑丽, 盛才余 . 光对热带雨林冠层树种绒毛番龙眼种子萌发及其幼苗早期建立的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007 , 31(6) : 1028 -1036 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0130
Aims Pometia tomentosa is the major dominant species in the tropical seasonal rain forests of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. It is listed in the rare and endangered species in China. Research on seed and seedling ecology of P. tomentosa may provide information for rare and endangered species conservation and forest restoration.
Methods Shade house and forest experiments were designed to investigate light effects on seed germination and seedling establishment of P. tomentosa. Seedling growth, biomass allocation and physiological properties of P. tomentosa were examined in neutral-density shade houses, which were used to mirror different light levels in centers of forest gaps, at edges of forest gaps and forest understory.
Important findings Results showed that final seed germinations in all treatments were greater than 95% and occurred within six days. Seedlings in 30% light treatment had the highest root mass ratio (RMR) and stem mass ratio (SMR). However, seedlings in 10% and 3.5% light treatments had the highest leaf mass ratio (LMR). Seedlings grown in low light environments (such as 10% and 3.5% light treatments) had a higher leaf area ratio (LAR) than those in high light (30% light treatment). Seedlings in 30% light treatment had the highest maximum photosynthetic rate (Pnmax), dark respiration (Rd) and light saturation point (Isat), but the compensation point (Icomp) was not significantly different among the three light treatments. Seedlings of P. tomentosa were able to grow slowly and survive for a long time; therefore, it is a shade tolerant species. Also, seedlings of shade houses showed increased RGRM and RGRH in high light comparing with low light. It is concluded that gaps in the forest canopy are probably necessary for successful regeneration of P. tomentosa. Soil moisture also may affect the habitat selection of P. tomentosa seedlings.
Key words： seedling growth; relative growth rate; shade tolerance; Xishuangbanna
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