帽儿山17个种源落叶松针叶的水分利用效率比较
# 共同第一作者
收稿日期: 2014-11-13
录用日期: 2015-03-17
网络出版日期: 2015-04-21
基金资助
国家“十二五”科技支撑项目(2011- BAD37B01和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(DL10BA19)
Comparison of foliar water use efficiency among 17 provenances of Larix gmelinii in the Mao’ershan area
# Co-first authors
Received date: 2014-11-13
Accepted date: 2015-03-17
Online published: 2015-04-21
研究环境变化下的树木水分利用效率对探讨森林生态系统碳水耦联关系及其对气候变化的响应和适应对策具有重要意义。落叶松(Larix gmelinii)为我国北方森林的建群种之一。将水热条件不同的17个种源落叶松种植在帽儿山森林生态系统研究站的同质园内30年后, 测定其针叶水分利用效率(WUE)及其相关因子。结果表明: WUE、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、比叶面积(SLA)和叶片氮含量(NL)均存在显著的种源差异(p < 0.05)。WUE和Gs呈显著指数相关关系, 当Gs < 0.2时WUE随Gs的增大而明显增大, 而当Gs > 0.2时WUE趋于稳定。WUE和SLA及NL分别呈线性负相关和正相关关系, 且随种源原地的干燥度指数(AI)的增大其相关性明显增强。WUE和种源原地年平均气温、平均年降水量及AI分别呈线性负相关、负相关和正相关关系, 并且相关系数依次增大; Tr则仅和种源原地年平均气温呈线性正相关关系, 而Pn和种源原地AI呈线性正相关关系。不同种源落叶松由于对种源原地环境条件的适应而存在针叶结构和生理特征的显著差异, 并因此引起针叶水分利用效率的差异。
全先奎, 王传宽 . 帽儿山17个种源落叶松针叶的水分利用效率比较[J]. 植物生态学报, 2015 , 39(4) : 352 -361 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0034
Investigating tree water use efficiency (WUE) is important for understanding the coupling of carbon and water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems and its responses and adaptation to climatic change. Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii), the dominant tree species in the Chinese boreal forest, plays an important role in the regional carbon budget. In this study, we measured the foliar WUE and associated physiological parameters of 30-year-old Dahurian larch trees from 17 provenances with divergent climatic conditions in a common garden. Our specific aims were to compare differences in WUE among the provenances and explore whether the observed differences are attributed to potential adaptation or acclimation to local habitats.
We have measured net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), and leaf nitrogen concentration (NL) of three replicate trees per provenance from mid June to mid September of 2010. WUE was calculated as the ratio of Pn to Tr. Specific leaf area (SLA) was calculated as one-side projected leaf area divided by the leaf dry mass. The aridity index (AI) of each provenance was calculated as the ratio of mean annual evaporation to mean annual precipitation.
WUE, Pn, Gs, Tr, SLA and NL all differed significantly among the provenances. WUE showed a significant exponential relationship with Gs. WUE increased significantly with the increase of Gs when the Gs was less than 0.2, and was relatively stable when the Gs was greater than 0.2. WUE was significantly and positively correlated with NL, but negatively with SLA. The degree of these correlations increased with increasing AI values of the tree origins. WUE was negatively correlated with the mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation of the tree origins, but positively correlated with the AI of the tree origins. Tr and Pn were positively correlated with both mean annual temperature and AI of the tree origins, these results suggest that the trees may adapt to the local climatic conditions of their origins, which results in the significant difference in the needle morphological and physiological properties, and thus WUE among the provenances of Dahurian larch trees.
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