浙江天童常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段木本植物的水力结构特征
网络出版日期: 2016-03-08
Hydraulic architecture of evergreen broad-leaved woody plants at different successional stages in Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province, China
Online published: 2016-03-08
水力结构是植物应对环境形成的与水分运输相关的形态策略.探索不同演替阶段和群落不同高度层植物的水力结构特征, 有助于理解植物的水分运输和利用策略.该研究以浙江天童常绿阔叶林演替前中后期群落的上层木(占据林冠层的树种)和下层木(灌木层物种)为对象, 测定了演替共有种(至少存在于两个演替阶段的物种)和更替种(仅存在于某一演替阶段的物种)的枝边材比导率,叶比导率和胡伯尔值, 以及边材疏导面积,末端枝总叶面积和枝条水势, 分析植物水力结构在群落上层木和下层木间以及在演替阶段间的差异, 及其与枝叶性状的相关关系.结果显示: (1)上层木植物边材比导率和叶比导率显著高于下层木植物(p < 0.05); (2)上层木和下层木的边材比导率与叶比导率在演替阶段间均无显著差异(p > 0.05); 上层木的胡伯尔值在演替阶段间无显著差异, 下层木的胡伯尔值随演替显著下降(p < 0.05); (3)上层木共有种仅边材比导率随演替进行显著降低(p < 0.05), 更替种的3个水力结构参数在演替阶段间无显著差异; 下层木共有种水力结构参数在演替阶段间无明显差异, 更替种仅胡伯尔值随演替减小(p < 0.05); (4)植物边材比导率与枝疏导面积和末端枝所支撑的总叶面积显著正相关(p < 0.01), 胡伯尔值与枝条水势及末端枝总叶面积显著负相关(p < 0.01).以上结果表明: 天童常绿阔叶林演替各阶段上层木比下层木具有更大的输水能力和效率; 随着演替进行, 上层木与下层木的共有种和更替种边材比导率的相反变化表明上层木水力结构的变化可能由微生境变化引起, 而下层木水力结构特征的变化可能由物种更替造成.
赵延涛, 许洺山, 张志浩, 周刘丽, 张晴晴, 宋彦君, 阎恩荣 . 浙江天童常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段木本植物的水力结构特征[J]. 植物生态学报, 2016 , 40(2) : 116 -126 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0258
Aims Hydraulic architecture is a morphological strategy in plants to transport water in coping with environmental conditions. Change of hydraulic architecture for plants occupying different canopy layers within community and for the same plant at different successional stages reflect existence and adaptation in plant's water transportation strategies. The objective of this study was to examine how hydraulic architecture varies with canopy layers within a community and with forest succession.Methods The study site is located in Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province, China. Hydraulic architectural traits studied include sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity, leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity, Huber value, sapwood channel area of twigs, total leaf area per terminal twig, and water potential of twigs. We measured those traits for species that occur in multiple successional stages (we called it "overlapping species") and for species that occur only in one successional stage (we called it "turnover species") along a successional series of evergreen broadleaved forests. For a given species, we sampled both overstory and understory trees. Hydraulic architectural traits between overstory and understory trees in the same community and at successional stages were compared. Pearson correlation was used to exam the relationship between hydraulic architectural traits and the twig/leaf traits.Important findings Sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivities and leaf-specific hydraulic conductivities were significantly higher in overstory trees than those in understory trees, but did not significantly differ from successional stages. Huber value decreased significantly for understory trees, but did not change for overstory trees through forest successional stages. For overstory trees, a trend of decreasing sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity was observed for overlapping species but not for turnover species with successional stages. In contrast, for understory trees, a trend of decreasing Huber values was observed for turner species but not for overlapping species with successional stages. Across tree species, sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity was positively correlated with sapwood channel area and total leaf area per terminal twig size. Huber value was negatively correlated to water potential of twigs and total leaf area per terminal twig size. These results suggest that water transportation capacity and efficiency are higher in overstory trees than in understory trees across successional stages in evergreen broadleaved forests in Tiantong region. The contrasting trends of sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity between overlapping species and turnover species indicate that shift of microenvironment conditions might lead to changes of hydraulic architecture in overstory trees, whereas species replacement might result in changes of hydraulic architecture in understory trees.
| [1] | Ashton PS (1958). Light intensity measurements in rain forest near Santarem, Brazil.Journal of Ecology, 45, 65-70. |
| [2] | Becker P, Meinzer FC, Wullschleger SD (2000). Hydraulic limitation of tree height: A critique.Functional Ecology, 14, 4-11. |
| [3] | Brodribb TJ, Field FS (2000). Stem hydraulic supply is linked to leaf photosynthetic capacity: Evidence from New Caledonian and Tasmanian rainforests.Plant, Cell & Environment, 23, 1381-1388. |
| [4] | Brodribb TJ, Holbrook NM, Gutiérrez MV (2002). Hydraulic and photosynthetic co-ordination in seasonally dry tropical forest trees.Plant, Cell & Environment, 25, 1435-1444. |
| [5] | Carlquist S, Hoekman DA (1985). Ecological wood anatomy of the woody southern Californian flora.IAWA Journal, 6, 319-347. |
| [6] | Carvajal M, Cooke DT, Clarkson DT (1996). Responses of wheat plants to nutrient deprivation may involve the regulation of water-channel function.Planta, 199, 372-381. |
| [7] | Chen JW, Zhang Q, Cao KF (2009). Inter-species variation of photosynthetic and xylem hydraulic traits in the deciduous and evergreen Euphorbiaceae tree species from a seasonally tropical forest in southwestern China.Ecological Research, 24, 65-73. |
| [8] | Cochard H (2002). Xylem embolism and drought-induced stomatal closure in maize.Planta, 215, 466-471. |
| [9] | Ding SY, Lu XL, Li HM (2005). A comparison of light environmental characteristics for evergreen broad-leaved forest communities from different successional stages in Tiantong National Forest Park.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 25, 2862-2867(in Chinese with English abstract) .[丁圣彦, 卢训令, 李昊民 (2005). 天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段群落光环境特征比较. 生态学报,25, 2862-2867.] |
| [10] | Drake PL, Price CA, Poot P, Veneklaas EJ (2015). Isometric partitioning of hydraulic conductance between leaves and stems: Balancing safety and efficiency in different growth forms and habitats.Plant, Cell & Environment, 38, 1628-1636. |
| [11] | Ewers FW, Zimmermann MH (1984). The hydraulic architecture of balsam fir (Abies balsamea).Physiologia Plantarum, 60, 453-458. |
| [12] | Fahn A (1964). Some anatomical adaptations of desert plants.Phytomorphology, 14, 93-102. |
| [13] | Fan DY, Xie ZQ (2004). Several controversial viewpoints in studying the cavitation of xylem vessels.Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,28, 126-132.(in Chinese with English abstract)[樊大勇, 谢宗强 (2004). 木质部导管空穴化研究中的几个热点问题, 植物生态学报, 28, 126-132.] |
| [14] | Fu PL, Jiang YJ, Wang AY, Brodribb TJ, Zhang JL, Zhu SD, Cao KF (2012). Stem hydraulic traits and leaf water-stress tolerance are co-ordinated with the leaf phenology of angiosperm trees in an Asian tropical dry karst forest.Annals of Botany, 110, 189-199. |
| [15] | Halpern CB, Lutz JA (2013). Canopy closure exerts weak controls on understory dynamics: A 30-year study of overstory-understory interactions.Ecological Monographs, 83, 221-237. |
| [16] | Hao ZQ, Wang LH (1998).Water conservation capacities of soils with major forest types in mountainous regions of east Liaoning Province.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 9, 237-241.(in Chinese with English abstract)[郝占庆, 王力华 (1998). 辽东山区主要森林类型林地土壤涵蓄水性能的研究 . 应用生态学报,9, 237-241.] |
| [17] | He CX, Li JY, Guo M (2007). Research progresses of the mechanism of the sap flow in trees.Acta Ecologica Sinica, 27, 329-337(in Chinese with English abstract) .[何春霞, 李吉跃, 郭明 (2007). 树木树液上升机理研究进展. 生态学报, 27, 329-337.] |
| [18] | Hoeber S, Leuschner C, Köhler L, Arias-Aguilar D, Schuldt B (2014). The importance of hydraulic conductivity and wood density to growth performance in eight tree species from a tropical semi-dry climate.Forest Ecology and Management, 330, 126-136. |
| [19] | Jung EY, Otieno D, Kwon H, Lee B, Lim JH, Kim J, Tenhunen J (2013). Water use by a warm-temperate deciduous forest under the influence of the Asian monsoon: Contributions of the overstory and understory to forest water use.Journal of Plant Research, 126, 661-674. |
| [20] | Koch GW, Sillett SC, Jennings GM, Davis SD (2004). The limits to tree height.Nature, 428, 851-854. |
| [21] | Li JY, Zhai HB (2000). Hydraulic architecture and drought resistance of woody plants.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 11, 301-305.(in Chinese with English abstract)[李吉跃, 翟洪波 (2000). 木本植物水力结构与抗旱性. 应用生态学报,11, 301-305.] |
| [22] | Ma WJ, Zhao YT, Zhang QQ, Arshad A, Shi QR, Yan ER (2014). C:N:P stoichiometry in forest floor litter of evergreen broad-leaved forests at different successional stages in Tiantong, Zhejiang, eastern China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 833-842.(in Chinese with English abstract)[马文济, 赵延涛, 张晴晴, Arshad A, 史青茹, 阎恩荣 (2014). 浙江天童常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段地表凋落物的C:N:P化学计量特征 . 植物生态学报,38, 833-842.] |
| [23] | McCulloh KA, Johnson DM, Petitmermet J, McNellis B, Meinzer FC, Lachenbruch B (2015). A comparison of hydraulic architecture in three similarly sized woody species differing in their maximum potential height.Tree Physiology, 35, 723-731. |
| [24] | McCulloh KA, Meinzer FC, Sperry JS, Lachenbruch B, Voelker SL, Woodruff DR, Domec JC (2011). Comparative hydraulic architecture of tropical tree species representing a range of successional stages and wood density.Oecologia, 167, 27-37. |
| [25] | Mencuccini M (2003). The ecological significance of long-distance water transport: Short-term regulation, long-term acclimation and the hydraulic costs of stature across plant life forms.Plant, Cell & Environment, 26, 163-182. |
| [26] | Messier J, McGill BJ, Lechowicz MJ (2010). How do traits vary across ecological scales? A case for trait-based ecology.Ecology Letters, 13, 838-848. |
| [27] | Mu ZX, Zhang SQ, Yang XQ, Liang ZS (2003). Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus-deficiency on maize root hydraulic conductivity.Journal of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology, 29, 45-51.(in Chinese with English abstract)[慕自新, 张岁岐, 杨晓青, 梁宗锁 (2003). 氮磷亏缺对玉米根系水流导度的影响, . 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2945-51.] |
| [28] | Pang XY, Liu SQ, Liu Q, Wu Y, Lin B, He H, Zhang ZJ (2003). Influence of plant community succession on soil physical properties during subalpine coniferous plantation rehabilitation in Western Sichuan.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,17(4), 42-45.(in Chinese with English abstract)[庞学勇, 刘世全, 刘庆, 吴彦, 林波, 何海, 张宗锦 (2003). 川西亚高山针叶林植物群落演替对土壤性质的影响 . 水土保持学报,17(4), 42-45.] |
| [29] | Quintero JM, Fournier JM, Benlloch M (1999). Water transport in sunflower root systems: Effects of ABA, Ca2+ status and HgCl2.Journal of Experimental Botany, 50, 1607-1612. |
| [30] | Ryan MG, Yoder BJ (1997). Hydraulic limits to tree height and tree growth.Bioscience, 47, 235-242. |
| [31] | Shukla RP, Ramakrishnan PS (1986). Architecture and growth strategies of tropical trees in relation to successional status.Journal of Ecology, 74, 33-46. |
| [32] | Song YC, Wang XR (1995).Vegetation and Flora of Tiantong National Forest Park, Zhejiang Province, China. Shanghai Scientific and Technological Literature Publishing House, Shanghai.(in Chinese)[宋永昌, 王祥荣 (1995). 浙江天童国家森林公园的植被和区系. 上海科学技术文献出版社, 上海.] |
| [33] | Tan Y, Liang ZS, Wang WL, Duan QM (2007). Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium stress on root vigor and hydraulic conductance of Astragalus membranaceus seedling.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,15(6), 69-72.(in Chinese with English abstract)[谭勇, 梁宗锁, 王渭玲, 段绮梅 (2007). 氮,磷,钾营养胁迫对黄芪幼苗根系活力及根系导水率的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 15(6), 69-72.] |
| [34] | Thomas F (1997). Simulation of water flow in the branched tree architecture.Silva Fennica, 31, 275-284. |
| [35] | Tyree MT, Ewers FW (1991). The hydraulic architecture of trees and other woody plants.New Phytologist, 119, 345-360. |
| [36] | Tyree MT, Graham MED, Cooper KE, Bazos LJ (1983). The hydraulic architecture of Thuja occidentalis.Canadian Journal of Botany, 61, 2105-2111. |
| [37] | Tyree MT, Snyderman DA, Wilmot TR, Machado JL (1991). Water relations and hydraulic architecture of a tropical tree (Schefflera morototoni): Data, models, and a comparison with two temperate species (Acer saccharum and Thuja occidentalis).Plant Physiology, 96, 1105-1113. |
| [38] | Tyree MT, Zimmermann MH (2002). Xylem Structure and the Ascent of Sap. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 278. |
| [39] | Wan XC, Meng P (2007). Physiological and ecological mechanisms of long-distance water transport in plants: A review of recent issues. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 31, 804-813.(in Chinese with English abstract)[万贤崇, 孟平 (2007). 植物体内水分长距离运输的生理生态学机制. 植物生态学报,31, 804-813.] |
| [40] | West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ (1999). A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular systems.Nature, 400, 664-667. |
| [41] | Yan ER, Wang XH, Guo M, Zhong Q, Zhou W (2010). C:N:P stoichiometry across evergreen broad-leaved forests, evergreen coniferous forests and deciduous broad-leaved forests in the Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province, eastern China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 34, 48-57.(in Chinese with English abstract)[阎恩荣, 王希华, 郭明, 仲强, 周武 (2010). 浙江天童常绿阔叶林,常绿针叶林与落叶阔叶林的C:N:P化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 34, 48-57.] |
| [42] | Yan ER, Wang XH, Zhou W (2008). N:P stoichiometry in secondary succession in evergreen broad-leaved forest, Tiantong, East China. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 32, 13-22.(in Chinese with English abstract)[阎恩荣, 王希华, 周武 (2008). 天童常绿阔叶林演替系列植物群落的N:P化学计量特征. 植物生态学报, 32, 13-22.] |
| [43] | Yang XD, Yan ER, Zhang ZH, Sun BW, Huang HX, Arshad A, Ma WJ, Shi QR (2013). Tree architecture of overlapping species among successional stages in evergreen broad-leaved forests in Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province, China.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 37, 611-619. (in Chinese with English abstract)[杨晓东, 阎恩荣, 张志浩, 孙宝伟, 黄海侠, Arshad A, 马文济, 史青茹 (2013). 浙江天童常绿阔叶林演替阶段共有种的树木构型. 植物生态学报, 37, 611-619.] |
| [44] | Yepez EA, Williams DG, Scott RL, Lin GH (2003). Partitioning overstory and understory evapotranspiration in a semiarid savanna woodland from the isotopic composition of water vapor.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 119, 53-68. |
| [45] | Zhang JH, Shi QR, Xu MS, Zhao YT, Zhong Q, Zhang FJ, Yan ER (2014). Testing of Corner's rules across woody plants in Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province: Effects of individual density.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 655-664.(in Chinese with English abstract)[章建红, 史青茹, 许洺山, 赵延涛, 仲强, 张富杰, 阎恩荣 (2014). 浙江天童木本植物Corner法则的检验: 个体密度的影响. 植物生态学报, 38, 655-664.] |
| [46] | Zhang QF, You WH, Song YC (1999). Effect of plant community succession on soil chemical properties in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,10, 19-22.(in Chinese with English abstract)[张庆费, 由文辉, 宋永昌 (1999). 浙江天童植物群落演替对土壤化学性质的影响. 应用生态学报,10, 19-22.] |
| [47] | Zhu SD, Cao KF (2009). Hydraulic properties and photosyn thetic rates in co-occurring lianas and trees in a seasonal tropical rainforest in southwestern China.Plant Ecology, 204, 295-304. |
| [48] | Zhu SD, Chen YJ, Cao KF, Ye Q (2015). Interspecific variation in branch and leaf traits among three Syzygium tree species from different successional tropical forests.Functional Plant Biology, 42, 423-432. |
| [49] | Zhu SD, Song JJ, Li RH, Ye Q (2013). Plant hydraulics and photosynthesis of 34 woody species from different successional stages of subtropical forests.Plant, Cell & Environment, 36, 879-891. |
| [50] | Zimmermann MH (1978). Hydraulic architecture of some diffuse-porous trees.Canadian Journal of Botany, 56, 2286-2295. |
| [51] | Zimmermann MH, Sperry JS (1983). Anatomy of the palm Rhapis excelsa. IX. Xylem structure of the leaf insertion.Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 64, 599-609. |
| [52] | Zimmermann U, Schneider H, Thürmer F, Wegner LH (2002). Pressure probe measurements of the driving forces for water transport in intact higher plants: Effects of transpiration and salinity. In: Läuchli A, Lüttge U eds. Salinity: Environment, Plants, Molecules. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands. 249-270. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
