九种不同材性的温带树种叶水力性状及其权衡关系
收稿日期: 2016-02-14
录用日期: 2016-05-09
网络出版日期: 2016-07-07
基金资助
国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2016YFD00201)、教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划(IRT_15R09)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572015AA16)
Leaf hydraulic traits and their trade-offs for nine Chinese temperate tree species with different wood properties
Received date: 2016-02-14
Accepted date: 2016-05-09
Online published: 2016-07-07
不同材性树种的解剖、叶脉分布等结构性状差异会影响树木的水分运输效率和水分利用策略, 进而限制树木的生存、生长和分布。然而, 材性对叶导水率、水力脆弱性及其潜在的权衡关系的影响尚不清楚。该研究选择东北温带森林中不同材性的9种树种(散孔材: 山杨(Populus davidiana)、紫椴(Tilia amurensis)、白桦(Betula platyphylla); 环孔材: 蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)、胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica); 无孔材: 红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)、红松(Pinus koraiensis), 测量其基于叶面积和叶质量的叶导水率(Karea和Kmass)、水力脆弱性(P50)、膨压丧失点水势(TLP)及叶结构性状, 以比较不同材性树种叶水力性状的差异, 并探索叶水力效率与安全的权衡关系。结果表明: 3种材性树种的Karea、Kmass和P50均差异显著(p < 0.05)。无孔材树种的Karea和Kmass最低, 而散孔材和环孔材树种差异不显著; 环孔材树种P50最高, 而散孔材和无孔材树种差异不显著。Karea和Kmass均与P50显著负相关(p < 0.05), 但散孔材、环孔材和无孔材树种的相关关系分别呈线性、幂函数和指数函数关系。这表明叶水力效率与安全之间存在一定的权衡关系, 但该关系受树木材性的影响。Kmass与TLP显著负相关(p < 0.01), 其中散孔材和环孔材树种呈线性负相关, 无孔材树种呈负指数函数关系; P50随TLP的增加而增加, 这表明树木在面临水分胁迫时, 其质外体和共质体抗旱阻力共同协调保护叶片活细胞, 防止其水分状况到达临界阈值。Kmass与叶干物质含量、叶密度、比叶重均显著负相关, 而P50与之显著正相关(p < 0.01, P50与比叶重的关系除外), 表明树木叶水力特性的变化受相同叶结构特性驱动, 树木增加对水力失调的容忍需要在叶水力系统构建上增加碳投资。
金鹰, 王传宽 . 九种不同材性的温带树种叶水力性状及其权衡关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2016 , 40(7) : 702 -710 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0064
Aims Trees with different wood properties display variations in xylem anatomy and leaf vein structure, which may influence tree water transport efficiency and water-use strategy, and consequently constrain tree survival, growth and distribution. However, the effects of wood properties on leaf hydraulic conductance and vulnerability and their potential trade-offs at leaf level are not well understood. Our aims were to examine variations in leaf hydraulic traits of trees with different wood properties and explore potential trade-offs between leaf hydraulic efficiency and safety.
Methods Nine tree species with different wood properties were selected for measuring the leaf hydraulic traits, including three diffuse-porous species (Populus davidiana, Tilia amurensis, Betula platyphylla), three ring-porous species (Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica), and three non-porous species (Picea koraiensis, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Pinus koraiensis). Four dominant and healthy trees per species were randomly selected. The hydraulic traits measured included leaf hydraulic conductance on leaf area (Karea) and dry mass (Kmass) basis, leaf hydraulic vulnerability (P50), and leaf water potential at turgor loss point (TLP), while the leaf structural traits were leaf dry mass content (LDMC), leaf density (LD) and leaf mass per unit area (LMA).
Important findings The Karea, Kmass, and P50 differed significantly among the tree species with different woody properties (p < 0.05). Both Karea and Kmass were the lowest for the non-porous trees, and did not differ significantly between the diffuse-porous and ring-porous trees. The ring-porous trees had the highest P50 values, while the diffuse-porous and non-porous trees showed no significant differences in P50. Both Karea and Kmass were negatively correlated with P50 (p < 0.05) for all the trees, and the relationships for the diffuse-porous, ring-porous, and non-porous trees were fitted into linear, power, exponential functions, respectively. This indicates that significant trade-offs exist between leaf hydraulic efficiency and safety. The Kmass was correlated (p < 0.01) with TLP in a negative linear function for the diffuse- and ring-porous trees and in a negative exponential function for the non-porous trees. The P50 increased with increasing TLP. These results suggest that apoplastic and symplastic drought resistance are strictly coordinated in order to protect living cells from approaching their critical water status under water stresses. The Kmass was negatively correlated (p < 0.01) with LDMC, LD, or LMA, while the P50 was positively correlated with LDMC and LD; this suggests that variations in Kmass and P50 are driven by similar changes in structural traits regardless of wood traits. We conclude that the tree tolerance to hydraulic dysfunction increases with increasing carbon investment in the leaf hydraulic system.
| 1 | Blackman CJ, Brodribb TJ, Jordan GJ (2010). Leaf hydraulic vulnerability is related to conduit dimensions and drought resistance across a diverse range of woody angiosperms.New Phytologist, 188, 1113-1123. |
| 2 | Brodribb TJ, Holbrook NM (2003). Stomatal closure during leaf dehydration, correlation with other leaf physiological traits.Plant Physiology, 132, 2166-2173. |
| 3 | Brodribb TJ, Holbrook NM, Zwieniecki MA, Palma B (2005). Leaf hydraulic capacity in ferns, conifers and angiosperms: Impacts on photosynthetic maxima.New Phytologist, 165, 839-846. |
| 4 | Bucci SJ, Scholz FG, Campanello PI, Montti L, Jimenez- Castillo M, Rockwell FA, Manna LL, Guerra P, Bernal PL, Troncoso O, Enricci J, Holbrook MN, Goldstein G (2012). Hydraulic differences along the water transport system of South American Nothofagus species: Do leaves protect the stem functionality?Tree Physiology, 32, 880-893. |
| 5 | Bucci SJ, Scholz FG, Goldstein G, Meinzer FC, Franco AC, Campanello P, Villalobos-Vega R, Bustamante M, Miralles- Wilhelm F (2006). Nutrient availability constrains the hydraulic architecture and water relations of savannah trees.Plant, Cell & Environment, 29, 2153-2167. |
| 6 | Bucci SJ, Scholz FG, Goldstein G, Meinzer FC, Sternberg LDASL (2003). Dynamic changes in hydraulic conductivity in petioles of two savanna tree species: Factors and mechanisms contributing to the refilling of embolized vessels.Plant, Cell & Environment, 26, 1633-1645. |
| 7 | Carnicer J, Barbeta A, Sperlich D, Coll M, Penuelas J (2013). Contrasting trait syndromes in angiosperms and conifers are associated with different responses of tree growth to temperature on a large scale.Front Plant Science, 4, 409. |
| 8 | Coll M, Penuelas J, Ninyerola M, Pons X, Carnicer J (2013). Multivariate effect gradients driving forest demographic responses in the Iberian Peninsula.Forest Ecology & Management, 303, 195-209. |
| 9 | Feild TS, Brodribb TJ (2001). Stem water transport and freeze-thaw xylem embolism in conifers and angiosperms in a Tasmanian treeline heath.Oecologia, 127, 314-320. |
| 10 | Giordano R, Salleo A, Salleo S, Wanderlingh F (1978). Flow in xylem vessels and Poiseuille’s law.Canadian Journal of Botany, 56, 333-338. |
| 11 | Gomez-Aparicio L, Garcia VR, Ruiz-Benito P, Zavala MA (2011). Disentangling the relative importance of climate, size and competition on tree growth in Iberian forests: Implications for forest management under global change.Globle Change Biology, 17, 2400-2414. |
| 12 | Gong R, Gao Q (2015). Research progress in the effects of leaf hydraulic characteristics on plant physiological functions.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 39, 300-308. (in Chinese with English abstract)[龚容, 高琼 (2015). 叶片结构的水力学特性对植物生理功能影响的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 39, 300-308.] |
| 13 | Hao GY, Hoffmann WA, Scholz FG, Bucci SJ, Meinzer FC, Franco AC, Cao KF, Goldstein G (2008). Stem and leaf hydraulics of congeneric tree species from adjacent tropical savanna and forest ecosystems.Oecologia, 155, 405-415. |
| 14 | Hoffmann WA, Marchin RM, Abit P, Lau OL (2011). Hydraulic failure and tree dieback are associated with high wood density in a temperate forest under extreme drought.Global Change Biology, 17, 2731-2742. |
| 15 | Jacobsen AL, Agenbag L, Esler KJ, Pratt RB, Ewers FW, Davis SD (2007). Xylem density, biomechanics and anatomical traits correlate with water stress in 17 evergreen shrub species of the Mediterranean-type climate region of South Africa.Journal of Ecology, 95, 171-183. |
| 16 | Jin Y, Wang CK (2015). Trade-offs between plant leaf hydraulic and economic traits.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 39, 1021-1032. (in Chinese with English abstract)[金鹰, 王传宽 (2015). 植物叶片水力与经济性状权衡关系的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 39, 1021-1032.] |
| 17 | Johnson DM, Mcculloh KA, Woodruff DR, Meinzer FC (2012). Evidence for xylem embolism as a primary factor in dehydration-induced declines in leaf hydraulic conductance.Plant, Cell & Environment, 35, 760-769. |
| 18 | Kim YX, Steudle E (2007). Light and turgor affect the water permeability (aquaporins) of parenchyma cells in the midrib ofZea mays. Journal of Experimental Botany, 58, 4119-4129. |
| 19 | Li JY, Zhai HB (2000). Hydraulic architecture and drought resistance of woody plants.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 11, 301-305. (in Chinese with English abstract)[李吉跃, 翟洪波 (2000). 木本植物水力结构与抗旱性. 应用生态学报, 11, 301-305.] |
| 20 | McCulloh K, Sperry JS, Lachenbruch B, Meinzer FC, Reich PB (2010). Moving water well: Comparing hydraulic efficiency in twigs and trunks of coniferous, ring-porous, and diffuse-porous saplings from temperate and tropical forests.New Phytologist, 186, 439-450. |
| 21 | Meinzer FC, Johnson DM, Lachenbruch B, McCulloh KA, Woodruff DR (2009). Xylem hydraulic safety margins in woody plants: Coordination of stomatal control of xylem tension with hydraulic capacitance.Functional Ecology, 23, 922-930. |
| 22 | Nardini A, Battistuzzo M, Savi T (2013). Shoot desiccation and hydraulic failure in temperate woody angiosperms during an extreme summer drought.New Phytologist, 200, 322-329. |
| 23 | Nardini A, Luglio J (2014). Leaf hydraulic capacity and drought vulnerability: Possible trade-offs and correlations with climate across three major biomes.Functional Ecology, 28, 810-818. |
| 24 | Nardini A, Pedà G, Rocca NL (2012a). Trade-offs between leaf hydraulic capacity and drought vulnerability: Morpho- anatomical bases, carbon costs and ecological cones- quences.New Phytologist, 196, 788-798. |
| 25 | Nardini A, Pedà G, Salleo S (2012b). Alternative methods for scaling leaf hydraulic conductance offer new insights into the structure-function relationships of sun and shade leaves.Functional Plant Biology, 39, 394-401. |
| 26 | Nardini A, Salleo S, Raimondo F (2003). Changes in leaf hydraulic conductance correlate with leaf vein embolism in Cercis siliquastrum L.Trees, 17, 529-534. |
| 27 | Pan X, Qiu Q, Li JY, Wang JH, He Q, Su Y, Ma JW, Du K (2015). Drought resistance evaluation based on leaf anatomical structures of 25 shrubs on the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of South China Agricultural University, 36, 61-68. (in Chinese with English abstract)[潘听, 邱权, 李吉跃, 王军辉, 何茜, 苏艳, 马建伟, 杜坤 (2015). 基于叶片解剖结构对青藏高原25种灌木的抗旱性评价. 华南农业大学学报, 36, 61-68.] |
| 28 | Pan YP, Chen YP (2014). Recent advances in leaf hydraulic traits.Chinese Journal of Ecology, 33, 2834-2841. (in Chinese with English abstract)[潘莹萍, 陈亚鹏 (2014). 叶片水力性状研究进展. 生态学杂志, 33, 2834-2841.] |
| 29 | Sack L, Holbrook NM (2006). Leaf hydraulics.Annual Review of Plant Biology, 57, 361-381. |
| 30 | Scholz FG, Bucci SJ, Goldstein G (2014). Strong hydraulic segmentation and leaf senescence due to dehydration may trigger die-back in Nothofagus dombeyi under severe droughts: A comparison with the co-occurring Austrocedrus chilensis.Trees, 28, 1475-1487. |
| 31 | Scoffoni C, McKown AD, Rawls M, Sack L (2012). Dynamics of leaf hydraulic conductance with water status: Quantification and analysis of species differences under steady state. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63, 643-658. |
| 32 | Scoffoni C, Rawls M, McKown A, Cochard H, Sack L (2011). Decline of leaf hydraulic conductance with dehydration: Relationship to leaf size and venation architecture.Plant Physiology, 156, 832-843. |
| 33 | Simonin KA, Limm EB, Dawson TE (2012). Hydraulic conductance of leaves correlates with leaf lifespan: Implications for lifetime carbon gain.New Phytologist, 193, 939-947. |
| 34 | Sperry JS, Hacke UG, Pittermann J (2006). Size and function in conifer tracheids and angiosperm vessels.American Journal of Botany, 93, 1490-1500. |
| 35 | Sperry JS, Meinzer FC, McCulloh KA (2008). Safety and efficiency conflicts in hydraulic architecture: Scaling from tissues to trees.Plant, Cell & Environment, 31, 632-645. |
| 36 | Tyree MT, Hammel HT (1972). The measurement of the turgor pressure and the water relations of plants by the pressure- bomb technique.Journal of Experimental Botany, 23, 267-282. |
| 37 | Vilagrosaa A, Morales F, Abadía A, Bellot J, Cochardd H, Gil-Pelegrine E (2010). Are symplast tolerance to intense drought conditions and xylem vulnerability to cavitation coordinated? An integrated analysis of photosynthetic, hydraulic and leaf level processes in two Mediterranean drought-resistant species.Environmental & Experimental Botany, 69, 233-242. |
| 38 | Villagra M, Campanello PI, Bucci SJ, Goldstein G (2013). Functional relationships between leaf hydraulics and leaf economic traits in response to nutrient addition in subtropical tree species.Tree Physiology, 33, 1308-1318. |
| 39 | Wang CK, Han Yi, Chen JQ, Wang XC, Zhang QZ, Bond- Lamberty B (2013). Seasonality of soil CO2 efflux in a temperate forest: Biophysical effects of snowpack and spring freeze-thaw cycles.Agricultural & Forest Meteorology, 177, 83-92. |
| 40 | Wikberg J, Ögren E (2004). Interrelationships between water use and growth traits in biomass-producing willows.Trees, 18, 70-76. |
| 41 | Zhang HY, Wang CK, Wang XC (2014). Spatial variations in non-structural carbohydrates in stems of twelve temperate tree species.Trees, 28, 77-89. |
| 42 | Zhang SB, Zhang JL, Cao KF (2016). Effects of seasonal drought on water status, leaf spectral traits and fluorescence parameters in Tarenna depauperata Hutchins, a Chinese savanna evergreen species.Plant Science Journal, 34, 117-126. (in Chinese with English abstract)[张树斌, 张教林, 曹坤芳 (2016). 季节性干旱对白皮乌口树(Tarenna depauperata Hutchins)水分状况、叶片光谱特征和荧光参数的影响. 植物科学学报, 34, 117-126.] |
| 43 | Zhang YJ, Cao KF, Sack L, Li N, Wei XM, Goldstein G (2015). Extending the generality of leaf economic design principles in the cycads, an ancient lineage.New Phytologist, 206, 817-829. |
| 44 | Zhang ZL, Liu GD, Zhang FC, Zheng CX, Kang YH (2014). Research progress of plant leaf hydraulic conductivity.Chinese Journal of Ecology, 33, 1663-1670. (in Chinese with English abstract)[张志亮, 刘国东, 张富仓, 郑彩霞, 康银红 (2014). 植物叶片导水率的研究进展. 生态学杂志, 33, 1663-1670.] |
| 45 | Zhuo LX, Li JH, Li YY, Zhao LM (2012). Comparison of hydraulic traits in branches and leaves of diffuse- and ring- porous species.Acta Ecological Sinica, 32, 5087-5094. (in Chinese with English Abstract)[左力翔, 李俊辉, 李秧秧, 赵丽敏 (2012). 散孔材与环孔材树种枝干, 叶水力学特性的比较研究. 生态学报, 32, 5087-5094.] |
| 46 | Zhu SD, Chen YJ, Cao KF, Ye Q (2015). Interspecific variation in branch and leaf traits among three Syzygium tree species from different successional tropical forests.Functional Plant Biology, 42, 423-432. |
| 47 | Zwieniecki MA, Brodribb TJ, Holbrook NM (2007). Hydraulic design of leaves: Insights from rehydration kinetics.Plant, Cell & Environment, 30, 910-921. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
