绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮磷化学计量学特征对外源铵的响应
收稿日期: 2021-08-11
录用日期: 2021-10-18
网络出版日期: 2022-01-30
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(42077103);湖南省水利科技项目(XSKJ2019081-52);湖南省国际科技创新合作基地项目(2018WK4012)
Responses of photosynthetic pigments composition, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics of Myriophyllum aquaticum to exogenous ammonium
Received date: 2021-08-11
Accepted date: 2021-10-18
Online published: 2022-01-30
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42077103);Project of Water Science and Technology in Hunan Province(XSKJ2019081-52);Hunan Provincial International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base Project(2018WK4012)
绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)对高浓度铵(NH+4)具有较高的耐受性, 是处理养殖废水的优选植物。探究外源铵对绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量学特征的影响, 对提高绿狐尾藻人工湿地系统的处理效率具有重要意义。该研究设置0、0.1、1、5、15、30 mmol·L-1 6个NH4+浓度, 室内培养21天, 测定分析不同铵浓度下绿狐尾藻叶绿素含量、N含量、P含量和N:P的变化特征。结果表明, 随外源铵浓度增加, 绿狐尾藻的相对茎高和相对生物量先升高后降低, 且通过拟合曲线方程发现, 外源铵在16.22和12.58 mmol·L-1时, 其相对茎高和相对生物量达到最大值。随外源铵浓度的增加, 绿狐尾藻叶片叶绿素含量显著降低, 而茎中叶绿素含量增加, 且叶绿素a含量变化的幅度比叶绿素b大, 但对叶绿素a/b影响不显著, 仅在5 mmol·L-1处理时茎叶绿素a/b显著下降。随外源铵浓度增加, 与CK相比, 叶片和茎的N含量分别显著增加了85%-235%和127%-373%, 叶片P含量增幅为49%-51%。当外源铵浓度不大于15 mmol·L-1时, 叶片和茎的N含量、N:P增加速度较快, 且相对茎高和相对生物量增长较快。相关分析表明, 叶片N、P含量和N:P与总叶绿素含量呈极显著负相关关系, 而在茎中呈显著或极显著正相关关系。综上所述, 外源铵浓度在12-16 mmol·L-1范围内时, 绿狐尾藻生长良好, 生物量更大, N和P的吸收量更高, 从而利用其构建的人工湿地可以有效去除污染废水的N、P, 达到高效净化水体的目的。
冼应男, 张瑛, 李宝珍, 罗沛, 肖润林, 吴金水 . 绿狐尾藻光合色素组成及氮磷化学计量学特征对外源铵的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022 , 46(4) : 451 -460 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0291
Aims Myriophyllum aquaticum has high tolerance to high concentration of ammonium (NH4+) and thus becomes the preferred species for swine wastewater treatment. It is of great significance to explore the effects of exogenous NH4+ on the photosynthetic pigment composition and the stoichiometric characteristics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of the M. aquaticum for improving the purifying efficiency of artificial wetlands system of M. aquaticum.
Methods Six NH4+ concentration levels (0, 0.1, 1, 5, 15, 30 mmol·L-1) were set up in this study. After 21 days of indoor cultivation, the contents of chlorophyll, N and P of M. aquaticum were measured to analyze their characteristics of changes.
Important findings The results showed that the relative stem height and biomass increased initially and then decreased, which were well fitted by a curve equation. Moreover, the peak of them appeared at 16.22 and 12.58 mmol·L-1 exogenous NH4+, respectively, via fitting non-linear Gaussian equation. With the increase of exogenous NH4+ concentrations, the chlorophyll content in the leaves decreased significantly, but increased in the stems. In addition, there was a wide variation of chlorophyll a than chlorophyll b. The chlorophyll a/b did not change significantly among different NH4+ treatments, except the value in the stems of 5 mmol·L-1 NH4+ treatment, which was significantly decreased. With the increase of exogenous NH4+ concentrations, the N contents in the leaves and stems were significantly increased by 85%-235% and 127%-373%, respectively, and the P content in the leaves was increased by 49%-51% in comparison to the control (CK). When the concentrations of exogenous NH4+ was no more than 15 mmol·L-1, the N content and N:P ratio of the leaves and stems increased rapidly, so were relative stem height and relative biomass. Correlation analysis showed that the contents of N and P, and N:P ratio were negatively correlated with total chlorophyll content in the leaves, but positively correlated with total chlorophyll content in the stems. In conclusion, M. aquaticum grew well with larger biomass and higher absorption of N and P, when the concentrations of exogenous NH4+ were in the range of 12-16 mmol·L-1. Therefore, the constructed wetlands system planted with M. aquaticum can effectively remove N and P from polluted wastewater and achieve the purpose of efficient water purification.
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