盐生野大豆的异黄酮积累及其生态学意义

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2007.0118

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以自然生长在盐碱地上的野大豆(Glycine soja)和不耐盐的栽培大豆(G. max)为材料,测定了它们在不同盐度条件下叶片、根部和种子的异黄酮含量,并测定了它们叶片的L-苯丙氨酸含量和苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)活性,还测定了它们根部的结瘤量和固氮酶活性。通过两者比较,分析了它们的大豆异黄酮代谢和盐渍环境的关系。结果表明:盐渍处理不抑制盐生野大豆PAL酶的活性,其大豆异黄酮大量积累;相反,盐渍处理明显抑制栽培大豆PAL酶活性,其大豆异黄酮含量减少,而大豆异黄酮合成前体L-苯丙氨酸积累。结果还显示:在盐渍条件下,盐生野大豆根部异黄酮积累的同时,其根瘤结瘤量较多,且固氮酶活性也较高;而栽培大豆随着其根部异黄酮的减少,其根瘤结瘤量大大减少,且固氮活性大大下降。野大豆和栽培大豆的这些差别说明:盐生野大豆积累大豆异黄酮有其生态学意义,这很可能是野大豆通过异黄酮次生代谢途径适应盐渍环境的一种重要机制。

关键词: 盐生野大豆, 栽培大豆, 大豆异黄酮, 盐渍环境

Abstract:

Aims Some species-specific secondary metabolites are key players in the interaction between plants and their environment. An ecotype of wild soybean (Glycine soja), naturally growing in saline soil of Yellow River delta in Shandong Province of China, shows substantial genetically determined salt-resistance, and its isoflavone content is higher than that in many cultivated soybeans. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between isoflavone and saline condition in Glycine soja through experimentation.

Methods The ecotype of wild soybean mentioned above and a variety (Huiming Soybean) of cultivated soybean (Glycine max) from same area were cultivated under saline condition. We determined the isoflavone contents in their leaves, roots and seeds, phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities and phenylalanine contents in their leaves, the number of nodules and nitrogen-fixing enzyme activities in their roots.

Important findings Isoflavone anabolism in the wild soybean was promoted by salt while it was inhibited in the cultivated soybean. The higher isoflavones contents of the wild soybean were significantly associated with the higher activities and efficiency of nitrogen fixation in its roots. Results suggested that isoflavones, secondary metabolites of the wild soybean, played an important role in the wild soybean adapting to the saline environment. Underlying processes require further investigation.

Key words: Glycine soja, Glycine max, isoflavones, saline soil

周三, 周明, 张硕, 刘占涛, 赵永娟, 余天真, 岳旺. 盐生野大豆的异黄酮积累及其生态学意义. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(5): 930-936. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0118

Zhou San, Zhou Ming, Zhang Shuo, Liu Zhan-Tao, Zhao Yong-Juan, Yu Tian-Zhen, Yue Wang. ISOFLAVONE ACCUMULATION IN WILD SOYBEAN UNDER SALINE CONDITIONS AND ITS ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2007, 31(5): 930-936. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0118

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2007.0118

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2007/V31/I5/930

图/表 4

表1 盐生野大豆和栽培大豆种子百粒重、生境土壤含盐量及其种子异黄酮总含量比较

Table 1 Comparison of weights of per 100 seeds, salt contents of soil near plant root and total isoflavones contents of seeds between wild and cultivated soybean

种类 Species			种子百粒重 Weights of 100 seeds (g)			根部土壤含盐量 Soil salt contents (%)					种子异黄酮总含量 Seeds total isoflavones contents (μg·g^-1)
盐生野大豆 Wild soybean			1.15			1.13					7 065±91
栽培大豆 Cultivated soybean			12.81			0.20					1 222±78

图1 在不同盐度条件下盐生野大豆和栽培大豆的植株不同部位(叶片、根部和种子)大豆异黄酮含量的差别

Fig.1 Difference of isoflavones contents of leaves, roots and seeds between wild and oultivated soybean under different saline conditions

图2 在不同盐度条件下盐生野大豆和栽培大豆植株叶片的苯丙氨酸裂解酶活性和苯丙氨酸含量的比较

Fig.2 Comparison of PAL activities and phenylalanine contents of plant leaves between wild and cultivated soybean under different saline conditions

表2 不同NaCl浓度处理下盐生野大豆和栽培大豆根结瘤量和固氮酶活性比较

Table 2 Comparison of the numbers, weights and nitrogenase activities of nodulation between wild and cultivated soybean under different saline conditions

NaCl (mmol·L^-1)	盐生野大豆 Wild soybean			栽培大豆 Cultivated soybean
NaCl (mmol·L^-1)	平均瘤数 Nod. number per plant	平均瘤重 Nod. weight per plant	固氮酶活性 Nitrogenase activities (nmol C₂H₄·nod^-1·h^-1)	平均瘤数 Nod. number per plant	平均瘤重 Nod. weight per plant	固氮酶活性 Nitrogenase activities (nmol C₂H₄·nod^-1·h^-1)
0	20.5	0.282	38.7	39.2	0.345	57.96
50	21.6	0.243	49.13	32.0	0.258	22.60^*
100	19.0	0.276	41.96	15.2^*	0.063^*	11.31^*
150	20.1	0.181^*	27.99^*	8.2^*	0.024^*	9.05^*

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