植物生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 1219-1233.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0259
徐梦1, 田大栓1,*(), 王易恒1, 何奕成1, 崔清国2, 李跃林3, 申小莉2, 原作强4,5, 王扬2
收稿日期:
2022-06-21
接受日期:
2022-10-10
出版日期:
2022-10-20
发布日期:
2022-10-25
通讯作者:
田大栓
作者简介:
* (tiands@igsnrr.ac.cn)基金资助:
XU Meng1, TIAN Da-Shuan1,*(), WANG Yi-Heng1, HE Yi-Cheng1, CUI Qing-Guo2, LI Yue-Lin3, SHEN Xiao-Li2, YUAN Zuo-Qiang4,5, WANG Yang2
Received:
2022-06-21
Accepted:
2022-10-10
Online:
2022-10-20
Published:
2022-10-25
Contact:
TIAN Da-Shuan
Supported by:
摘要:
自然保护地是维护国家生态安全, 提升生物多样性保护成效的重要载体, 对保护地生态系统进行实时、高频、多尺度的监测是认知其动态变化的有效手段, 也是实现自然保护地生态系统健康管理的基石。由于目前我国没有形成自然保护地生态系统监测网络, 缺少统一的联网监测指标体系, 导致多数自然保护地生态系统组成家底不清、动态不明, 应对生物多样性保护新问题的能力不足, 并且在国家尺度上的自然保护地生态系统健康状况及保护成效评估缺乏联网监测数据支撑。因此, 亟需构建国家尺度的自然保护地生态系统组成和动态监测网络, 以及一套科学、系统、规范的自然保护地生态系统联网监测指标体系。该文针对自然保护地生物多样性和生态系统监测的目标和内容, 参考国内外现有的生态系统监测网络的指标体系, 确定了自然保护地生态系统联网监测指标体系建立和选取的基本原则, 建立了一套适用于国家尺度的自然保护地生态系统联网监测指标体系, 并在6个国家级自然保护区进行示范。构建的指标体系针对构成生态系统的6类关键要素(生境要素、生物要素、气象要素、土壤要素、大气和水环境要素、景观要素)制定了30个监测指标, 有效应用于森林、草地、荒漠、湿地等生态系统类型的自然保护地, 能够实现对不同类型自然保护地生态系统组分和结构的现状和演变特征进行长期、动态化监测, 并可为自然保护地保护成效评估和健康管理提供规范化、标准化的基础数据。
徐梦, 田大栓, 王易恒, 何奕成, 崔清国, 李跃林, 申小莉, 原作强, 王扬. 国家尺度自然保护地生态系统联网监测指标体系构建与应用研究. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(10): 1219-1233. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0259
XU Meng, TIAN Da-Shuan, WANG Yi-Heng, HE Yi-Cheng, CUI Qing-Guo, LI Yue-Lin, SHEN Xiao-Li, YUAN Zuo-Qiang, WANG Yang. Construction and application of the indicator system for ecosystem monitoring network in the protected areas on a national scale. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(10): 1219-1233. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0259
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表2 6个国家级自然保护区的地理位置、分布面积、生态系统类型以及气候条件和植被类型特征
Table 2 Geographic location, distribution area,ecoystem type cimaticontrion andvegetacon type ofthesix aionl ntre rserves sletedforth coiyetem momiong newr
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图2 6个国家级自然保护区监测样地植物物种丰富度和土壤碳氮含量特征(平均值±标准误)。CB, 长白山自然保护区; DH, 鼎湖山自然保护区; GT, 古田山自然保护区; WO, 西鄂尔多斯自然保护区; XG, 锡林郭勒草原自然保护区; ZG, 若尔盖湿地自然保护区。不同小写字母表示各自然保护区之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 2 Plant species richness, soil carbon and nitrogen contents in monitoring plots of six national nature reserves in China (mean ± SE). CB, Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve; DH, Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve; GT, Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve; WO, West Ordos Nature Reserve; XG, Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve; ZG, Zoigê Wetland Nature Reserve. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among six nature reserves (p < 0.05).
图3 2001-2021年6个国家级自然保护区净初级生产力(NPP)及其时间稳定性(即生态系统稳定性)(平均值±标准误)。CB, 长白山自然保护区; DH, 鼎湖山自然保护区; GT, 古田山自然保护区; WO, 西鄂尔多斯自然保护区; XG, 锡林郭勒草原自然保护区; ZG, 若尔盖湿地自然保护区。不同小写字母表示各自然保护区之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 3 Net primary productivity (NPP) and its temporal stability (ecosystem stability) of six national nature reserves in China from 2001 to 2021 (mean ± SE). CB, Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve; DH, Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve; GT, Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve; WO, West Ordos Nature Reserve; XG, Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve; ZG, Zoigê Wetland Nature Reserve. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among six nature reserves (p < 0.05).
图4 2001-2021年6个国家级自然保护区归一化植被指数(NDVI)的时空变化特征。A, 长白山自然保护区。B, 古田山自然保护区。C, 鼎湖山自然保护区。D, 锡林郭勒草原自然保护区。E, 若尔盖湿地自然保护区。F, 西鄂尔多斯自然保护区。每个保护区的4幅图中的NDVI分别为2001-2005、2006-2010、2011-2015、2016-2021年的平均值。红线和蓝线圈内的区域分别表示自然保护区的核心区和缓冲区。
Fig. 4 Spatial and temporal variations in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the six national nature reserves from 2001 to 2021. A, Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve. B, Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve. C, Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve. D, Xilin Gol Grassland Nature Reserve. E, Zoigê Wetland Nature Reserve. F, West Ordos Nature Reserve. NDVI data used in the four plots of each nature reserve were the averages from 2001 to 2005, 2006 to 2010, 2011 to 2015, and 2016 to 2021, respectively. Areas circled by red and blue lines indicate the core zone and buffer zone of a nature reserve, respectively.
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