羊草根茎储藏功能对克隆分株萌生、存活和生长的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0270

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在自然界中, 植物生长所需的资源在时间和空间上的分布都是异质性的, 且这种环境异质性存在普遍性。克隆植物进化出了克隆整合、克隆形态可塑性等各种策略来应对环境异质性, 其中物质储藏功能尚未受到应有关注。该研究以包含1个具芽根茎节的不同初始长度(0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0和5.0 cm)的羊草(Leymus chinensis)根茎片段为材料, 埋置于营养钵土壤中并观察根茎芽的萌生及其生成的克隆分株的出土和生长情况。结果表明, 随着初始根茎长度增加, 根茎芽萌生率、出土率和成苗率以及所生成的克隆分株的质量均呈增加趋势, 但只有初始长度为4.0和5.0 cm的根茎形成的克隆分株能够存活至自养状态。这些结果表明, 物质储藏功能是克隆植物应对外界环境变化和干扰的重要策略, 对于其生长和繁殖具有重要意义, 同时在草地恢复和生产实践中也具有潜在应用前景。

关键词: 根茎长度, 根茎芽, 萌生率, 出土率, 成苗率

Abstract:

Aims In nature, resources essential for plant growth are heterogeneously distributed, and such environmental heterogeneity is ubiquitous. Clonal plants have evolved various strategies such as physiological integration and clonal morphological plasticity to deal with environmental heterogeneity, but the role of the resource storage capacity has been scarcely studied.

Methods Here, we buried rhizome fragments of Leymus chinensis in different lengths (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 cm), each containing one bud-bearing node, in pots filled with a local soil, and recorded the sprouting status of the rhizomatous buds and the emergence and growth of the bud-forming clonal ramets.

Important findings The bud sprouting rate and the emergence rate, establishment rate, mass of newly produced clonal ramets increased with increasing length of the initial rhizome fragments, but only those clonal ramets forming on the rhizome fragments of 4.0 and 5.0 cm long could establish (i.e., grow to a self-sustaining state). These results suggest that storage of resources is an important strategy for clonal plants to deal with environmental changes and disturbances, and thus is of great significance for their growth and propagation. Additionally, our findings are potentially useful for restoring degraded grassland and for promoting grassland production and sustainability.

Key words: rhizome length, rhizome bud, bud sprouting rate, emergence rate, establishment rate

李兵飒, 马望, 白龙, 王正文. 羊草根茎储藏功能对克隆分株萌生、存活和生长的影响. 植物生态学报, 2025, 49(11): 1869-1877. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0270

LI Bing-Sa, MA Wang, BAI Long, WANG Zheng-Wen. Effects of rhizome storage on sprouting, survival and establishment of new clonal ramets in Leymus chinensis. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2025, 49(11): 1869-1877. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2024.0270

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0270

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I11/1869

图/表 6

图1 不同初始长度的羊草根茎片段埋植实验设计。不同数字代表所埋植羊草根茎片段的初始长度(cm)。

Fig. 1 Experimental design for planting rhizome fragments of Leymus chinensis with different initial lengths. Different numbers indicate the initial lengths of L. chinensis rhizomes buried in the pots (cm).

表1 羊草初始根茎片段长度对根茎芽萌动及分株出土和成苗的影响

Table 1 Effects of initial rhizome length on the sprouting status of rhizome buds and the emergence and establishment of ramets of Leymus chinensis

	萌动 Sprouting		出土 Emergence		成苗 Establishment
	χ²	p	χ²	p	χ²	p
初始根茎片段长度 Initial length of rhizome fragments	23.234	<0.001	20.458	0.001	19.512	0.002

表2 羊草不同初始长度根茎片段的根茎芽萌动及分株出土和成苗情况(平均值±标准误)

Table 2 Bud sprouting and ramet emergence and establishment of the rhizome fragments of Leymus chinensis with different initial lengths (mean ± SE)

初始根茎片段长度 Initial length of rhizome fragments (cm)	萌动率 Sprouting rate (%)	出土率 Emergence rate (%)	成苗率 Establishment rate (%)
0.5	0 ± 0^b	0 ± 0^b	0 ± 0^b
1.0	0 ± 0^b	0 ± 0^b	0 ± 0^b
2.0	33 ± 19.2^b	17 ± 15.2^b	0 ± 0^b
3.0	17 ± 15.2^b	17 ± 15.2^b	0 ± 0^b
4.0	83 ± 15.2^a	83 ± 15.2^a	50 ± 20.4^a
5.0	83 ± 15.2^a	67 ± 19.2^a	67 ± 19.2^a

图2 羊草不同初始长度根茎片段生成的克隆分株高度随时间的变化(平均值±标准误)。

Fig. 2 Temporal changes of height of clonal ramets originated from the rhizome fragments of Leymus chinensis of different initial lengths (mean ± SE).

表3 羊草初始根茎片段长度对生成的分株地上和地下鲜质量、干质量影响的单因素方差分析

Table 3 One-way ANOVA for the effects of initial length of rhizome fragments of Leymus chinensis on aboveground and underground biomass of clonal ramets originated from rhizome fragments

	地下鲜质量 Belowground fresh mass		地下干质量 Belowground dry mass		地上鲜质量 Aboveground fresh mass		地上干质量 Aboveground dry mass
	df	F	df	F	df	F	df	F
初始根茎片段长度 Initial length of rhizome fragments	5, 30	20.697^***	5, 30	7.701^***	5, 30	1.386	5, 30	1.068

图3 羊草不同初始长度根茎片段生成的分株地上和地下鲜质量与干质量(平均值±标准误)。不同小写字母表示不同初始长度的根茎片段之间差异显著(p < 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Aboveground and belowground fresh mass and dry mass of clonal ramets originated from rhizome fragments of Leymus chinensis of different initial lengths (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between rhizome fragments of different initial lengths (p < 0.05).

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