关键词: 夹竹桃科, 合蕊柱, 花粉器, 化学生态学, 欺骗性传粉

Abstract: Apocynaceae is one of the ten largest families of angiosperms and a model system for studying pollination mutualism and coevolution between plants and animals. Their floral morphology are highly diverse, particularly in the Asclepiadoideae subfamily, which are well known for their specialized floral structures such as gynostegium, pollinaria, and stigmatic chamber. This article reviews the research progress of pollination ecology in Apocynaceae, including the diversity and adaptive significance of their floral structures, such as corolla, corona, and gynostegium; the diversity of sexual expression, including secondary pollen presentation, herkogamy, dioecy, and dichogamy; the diversity of pollinator animals, primarily consisting of Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera insects, with additional contributions from Blattodea (cockroaches); reproductive traits, such as low naturally fruit set, extremely low pollen-ovule ratios (P/O), and low self-compatibility; and chemical ecology, exemplified by the food-source and brood-site mimicry through floral scent emissions in the subtribe Stapeliinae of Asclepiadoideae, which deceive fly pollinators. Currently, the research of pollination on Apocynaceae in China remains limited, and habitat destruction has led to the extinction of many Apocynaceae species. Future studies should strengthen research on the pollination and chemical ecology of Apocynaceae to provide scientific basis for the conservation and sustainable utilization of these plants.

Key words: Apocynaceae, Gynostegium, Pollinaria, Chemical ecology, Deceptive pollination