Abstract: The population dynamics of the three main plant species with which different kinds of dunes in Maowusu sandyland were aerially seeded was investigated. The results show that Artemisia sphaerocephala could only maintain as dominant or condominant for a short period in the case of mixed seeding with other species. Its population coverage usually reached the maximum in 3 or 4 years after the seeding and then declined at different rates according to degrees of the dune development in the seeded areas. The more developed the dune was ,the slower of the decline rate. The coverage of Hedysarum laeves had been maintaining increase in the first 10～15 years after seeding, and the period of being dominant was much longer. Hedysarum scoparium, because of its sparse growth habit, had a lower predominance in the communities. Its coverage kept rising in the first 5 years following seeding, and then went slowly down or kept stable.