Abstract: Research on the restoration and reconstruction of disturbed wetland vegetation has increased since the 1990s. From this now copious literature, we summarize the objectives, techniques for prioritization of sites, strategies, theories, methods, long-term monitoring, and evaluation of wetland restoration. The restoration techniques of bog and fen peatlands are particularly emphasized. Repairing and rebuilding were the two main strategies for wetland restoration, and the key theories of secondary succession, self-design and invasion guided the restoration practice. The main techniques for restoring disturbed peatland vegetation were the sowing of seed, spreading of Sphagnum fragments, transplanting of higher plants and blocks, etc. The seed (or propagule) bank also played an important role in vegetation restoration. Nurturing and management at the early stages of restoration were clearly necessary. Two problems in wetland restoration that need urgent attention are highlighted in the discussion.