植物生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 459-464.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜椒始花期吸收的氮素在体内的动态分配规律

隋方功,王运华,姚源喜,乌尼木仁,稻永,醇二   

  • 发布日期:2002-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 隋方功

Distribution Dynamics of Nitrogen Absorbed at the Early Flowering Stage of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annul.L)

SUI Fang-Gong, WANG Yun-Hua, YAO Yuan-Xi, Wunimuren and Shunji INANAGA   

  • Published:2002-04-10
  • Contact: SUI Fang-Gong

摘要: 通过水培试验,利用15N示踪技术研究了甜椒(Capsicum annuum L.)始花期吸收的氮素在体内的动态分配规律。结果表明:甜椒营养器官干物质积累动态呈快速直线增长趋势,而果实则从盛采前期开始 超过其它器官。根与果实含氮量从始采期开始一直维持在同一水平;叶片中氮的含量则随生长发育而不断下降。在果实盛采期,叶片、果实和根中的氮素含量差异不明显,但是均比茎和侧枝高两倍。甜椒植株各器官的氮素积累动态与干物质积累动态相似。在始花期通过根吸收的大部分标记态氮首先分配、贮存在叶片中,吸收后第二周发现有1/2的标记态氮运转到了植物的新生部分,至吸收后的第四周标记态氮运转显著下降,但是,在吸收后的第六周仍然发现有小部分标记态氮运转到了新生部分。说明新近吸收的氮素在甜椒体内的再运转相对容易,其再利用率也高,随着在植物体内某器官存在时间的延长其再利用率逐渐降低。在整个果实收获期间,甜椒不同器官之间以果实对氮素的竞争力最强。在整株水平上,始花期吸收的标记态氮从营养器官向生殖器官的运转,既受到氮素竞争库(果实)强度和容量的影响,也受到时间因素的制约。

Abstract: Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under water condition was used to study the distribution dynamics of nitrogen absorbed at the early flowering stage using 15N tracer. The results obtained are as follows: The accumulation dynamics of vegetable organ dry matter display a rapid linear increase, and the fruit topped the other organs from the earlier profuse fruiting stage. The nitrogen concentrations were keeping steadily at same levels in root and fruit from the early picking stage. In the leaves, it decreased rapidly with development and was not much different from the root and fruit at the profuse fruiting stage, but had twice the concentration of the stem and branch. The nitrogen accumulation dynamics were similar to the dry matter. Most of the labeled nitrogen absorbed at early flowering stage by the roots was distributed and reserved in the leaves. It was found that about half of the labeled nitrogen absorbed at early flowering stage was transported to the neonatal part of the plant after two weeks and the translocation of absorbed labeled nitrogen began to decrease significantly after 4 weeks. After 6 weeks there was little of labeled nitrogen to be transported into the neonatal part of the plant. Newly absorbed nitrogen was transported into the other stronger parts of the plant more easily and with a higher reutilization rate. The longer the nitrogen existed in the organs of the plant, the lower the reutilization rate. The fruit has the most competitive ability for nitrogen among the different organs of the sweet pepper plant during the fruit harvest period. On the whole plant level, the transport of the labeled nitrogen from vegetative organs to the reproductive organs is affected not only by the intensity and capacity of the nitrogen sink competition, but also by the transport time for the labeled nitrogen absorbed at the early flowering stage.