北京市26种落叶阔叶绿化树种的滞尘能力

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0070

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为筛选适用于北京市的具有优良滞尘能力的绿化物种, 提高城市植被滞尘效应, 选取北京市园林绿化应用最广泛的26种落叶阔叶树种, 应用质量差值法, 于2014年夏季对不同树种单位叶面积滞尘量进行测定, 计算单叶滞尘量与单株滞尘量, 并对树种滞尘能力进行了相应的聚类分析。结果表明: 不同树种间滞尘能力存在较大差异, 选择不同的滞尘量计量单位, 树种滞尘量排序会相应地发生变化。对26种北京市常用落叶阔叶树种从叶片、植株与综合滞尘能力三个方面的聚类分析均可得到相应的分类, 各类别代表不同级别的滞尘能力水平。研究分析认为, 植物滞尘能力与其叶表特征、滞尘方式、株型结构、整株叶量及所处环境含尘量等密切相关, 评价树种滞尘能力时应进行综合考虑。

关键词: 落叶阔叶树种, 叶片滞尘能力, 植株滞尘能力, 综合滞尘能力, 滞尘量计量单位

Abstract: Aims Aiming at providing basic informations on dust capturing capacity of different tree species and criterions for selecting trees in landscape design, this study selected 26 deciduous broad-leaved tree species widely used in urban landscaping in Beijing to measure the dust capturing both in field and indoor experiments. Methods The dust deposition per unit leaf area of each species was quantified by determining the mass difference before and after the treatment of blades. The dust deposition per leaf and plant were further calculated for each species. Based on the dust capturing capacity measured in three different units, cluster analysis on different tree species was carried out from distinct dimensions. Important findings Results showed that the dust capturing capacity differed significantly among tree species, and the ranking changed with measurement units selected in the experiments. For different specific evaluation focuses, choosing a diverse unit combination as clustering factor, the 26 deciduous broad-leaved tree species were broadly divided into different categories representing different dust capturing capacity level. Dust capturing capacity was closely related to the surface characteristics of leaves, the dust capturing method, the plant structure, the leaf amount of whole plant, the dust content of the environment, etc. Therefore, multiple factors should be taken into account in the assessment of dust capturing capacity of different tree species.

Key words: deciduous broad-leaved trees, dust capturing capacity of leave, dust capturing capacity of plant, comprehensive dust capturing capacity, measurement unit of the dust capturing

范舒欣, 晏海, 齐石茗月, 皮定均, 李雄, 董丽. 北京市26种落叶阔叶绿化树种的滞尘能力. 植物生态学报, 2015, 39(7): 736-745. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0070

FAN Shu-Xin,YAN Hai,QI Shi-Ming-Yue,BAI Wei-Lan,PI Ding-Jun,LI Xiong,DONG Li. Dust capturing capacities of twenty-six deciduous broad-leaved trees in Beijing. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015, 39(7): 736-745. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0070

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0070

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2015/V39/I7/736

图/表 8

参考文献 29

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植物生活型 Life form of plant	序号 No.	树种 Species	科 Family
落叶阔叶乔木 Deciduous broad-leaved trees	1	银杏 Ginkgo biloba	银杏科 Ginkgoaceae
	2	三球悬铃木 Platanus orientalis	悬铃木科 Platanaceae
	3	杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides	杜仲科 Eucommiaceae
	4	毛白杨 Populus tomentosa	杨柳科 Salicaceae
	5	加杨 Populus × canadensis	杨柳科 Salicaceae
	6	绦柳 Salix matsudana ‘Pendula’	杨柳科 Salicaceae
	7	红叶碧桃 Amygdalus persica ‘Atropurpurea’	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	8	紫叶李 Prunus cerasifera	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	9	刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia	蝶形花科 Papilionaceae
	10	槐 Sophora japonica	蝶形花科 Papilionaceae
	11	石榴 Punica granatum	石榴科 Punicaceae
	12	栾树 Koelreuteria paniculata	无患子科 Sapindaceae
	13	臭椿 Ailanthus altissima	苦木科 Simaroubaceae
	14	美国红梣 Fraxinus pennsylvanica	木犀科 Oleaceae
	15	白蜡树 Fraxinus chinensis	木犀科 Oleaceae
落叶阔叶灌木 Deciduous broad-leaved shrubs	16	紫叶小檗 Berberis thunbergii ‘Atropurpurea’	小檗科 Berberidaceae
	17	木槿 Hibiscus syriacus	锦葵科 Malvaceae
	18	榆叶梅 Amygdalus triloba	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	19	棣棠花 Kerria japonica	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	20	西府海棠 Malus spectabilis ‘Riversii’	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	21	华北珍珠梅 Sorbaria kirilowii	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	22	紫薇 Lagerstroemia indica	千屈菜科 Lythraceae
	23	紫丁香 Syringa oblata	木犀科 Oleaceae
	24	连翘 Forsythia suspense	木犀科 Oleaceae
	25	迎春花 Jasminum nudiflorum	木犀科 Oleaceae
	26	金银忍冬 Lonicera maackii	忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae

植物生活型 Life form of plant	序号 No.	树种 Species	科 Family
落叶阔叶乔木 Deciduous broad-leaved trees	1	银杏 Ginkgo biloba	银杏科 Ginkgoaceae
	2	三球悬铃木 Platanus orientalis	悬铃木科 Platanaceae
	3	杜仲 Eucommia ulmoides	杜仲科 Eucommiaceae
	4	毛白杨 Populus tomentosa	杨柳科 Salicaceae
	5	加杨 Populus × canadensis	杨柳科 Salicaceae
	6	绦柳 Salix matsudana ‘Pendula’	杨柳科 Salicaceae
	7	红叶碧桃 Amygdalus persica ‘Atropurpurea’	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	8	紫叶李 Prunus cerasifera	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	9	刺槐 Robinia pseudoacacia	蝶形花科 Papilionaceae
	10	槐 Sophora japonica	蝶形花科 Papilionaceae
	11	石榴 Punica granatum	石榴科 Punicaceae
	12	栾树 Koelreuteria paniculata	无患子科 Sapindaceae
	13	臭椿 Ailanthus altissima	苦木科 Simaroubaceae
	14	美国红梣 Fraxinus pennsylvanica	木犀科 Oleaceae
	15	白蜡树 Fraxinus chinensis	木犀科 Oleaceae
落叶阔叶灌木 Deciduous broad-leaved shrubs	16	紫叶小檗 Berberis thunbergii ‘Atropurpurea’	小檗科 Berberidaceae
	17	木槿 Hibiscus syriacus	锦葵科 Malvaceae
	18	榆叶梅 Amygdalus triloba	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	19	棣棠花 Kerria japonica	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	20	西府海棠 Malus spectabilis ‘Riversii’	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	21	华北珍珠梅 Sorbaria kirilowii	蔷薇科 Rosaceae
	22	紫薇 Lagerstroemia indica	千屈菜科 Lythraceae
	23	紫丁香 Syringa oblata	木犀科 Oleaceae
	24	连翘 Forsythia suspense	木犀科 Oleaceae
	25	迎春花 Jasminum nudiflorum	木犀科 Oleaceae
	26	金银忍冬 Lonicera maackii	忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae

排序 Sequence	聚类中心 Cluster center		距离 Distance	树种 Species
排序 Sequence	单位叶面积滞尘量 Dust deposition per unit leaf area (g·m^-2)	单叶滞尘量 Dust deposition per leaf (g·leaf^-1)	距离 Distance	树种 Species
1	1.459 9	0.002 37	无 None	Pc
2	1.110 3	0.002 03	0.475	At, Li, Lm
3	0.665 9	0.002 26	0.788	Fs, So, Pp, Gb
4	0.402 8	0.007 79	1.084	Po, Pt, Sj, Kp, Aa, Fc, Bt, Hs, Jn
5	0.103 1	0.000 14	1.203	Pe, Eu, Sm, Rp, Pg, Fp, Kj, Mm, Sk

排序 Sequence	聚类中心 Cluster center		距离 Distance	树种 Species
排序 Sequence	单位叶面积滞尘量 Dust deposition per unit leaf area (g·m^-2)	单叶滞尘量 Dust deposition per leaf (g·leaf^-1)	距离 Distance	树种 Species
1	1.459 9	0.002 37	无 None	Pc
2	1.110 3	0.002 03	0.475	At, Li, Lm
3	0.665 9	0.002 26	0.788	Fs, So, Pp, Gb
4	0.402 8	0.007 79	1.084	Po, Pt, Sj, Kp, Aa, Fc, Bt, Hs, Jn
5	0.103 1	0.000 14	1.203	Pe, Eu, Sm, Rp, Pg, Fp, Kj, Mm, Sk

排序 Sequence	聚类中心 Cluster center	距离 Distance	树种 Species
排序 Sequence	单株滞尘量 Dust deposition per plant (kg·plant^-1)	距离 Distance	树种 Species
1	0.352 2	无 None	Po
2	0.152 6	0.200	Pt
3	0.117 8	0.241	Gb, Pe, Pc
4	0.055 5	0.306	Rp, Sj, Fc, At, So
5	0.000 4	0.343	Li, Lm, Pp, Fs, Kp, Jn, Bt, Hs, Aa, Kj, Mm, Sm, Fp, Eu, Sk, Pg