陆地生态系统野外增温控制实验的技术与方法
收稿日期: 2019-07-08
录用日期: 2019-09-16
网络出版日期: 2019-11-30
基金资助
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0503903);国家自然科学基金(31622013);国家自然科学基金(31971528)
Techniques and methods for field warming manipulation experiments in terrestrial ecosystems
Received date: 2019-07-08
Accepted date: 2019-09-16
Online published: 2019-11-30
Supported by
National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0503903);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31622013);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971528)
由于人类活动导致的碳排放急剧增加, 工业革命以来全球地表温度显著增加约1 ℃, 未来全球气候还将持续变暖, 到21世纪末最高可升温4 ℃。这种前所未有的气候变化不仅影响陆地植被的适应策略, 也深刻影响生态系统的结构和功能。其中陆地生态系统碳收支对全球变暖的反馈, 是决定未来气候变化强度的关键因素, 因此全球已经开展了大量的生态系统尺度的野外增温控制实验, 研究生态系统碳收支对气温升高的响应, 从而提高地球系统模型的预测精度。然而由于增温技术和方法的不同, 不同研究的结果之间难以进行比较。该文系统总结了常见的野外增温技术和方法, 包括主动增温和被动增温, 阐述了其优缺点、适用对象以及相关研究成果。同时简要介绍了野外增温控制实验的前沿研究方向——新一代野外增温技术(包括全土壤剖面增温和全生态系统增温)和基于新一代增温技术开展的野外增温联网实验。
朱彪, 陈迎 . 陆地生态系统野外增温控制实验的技术与方法[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020 , 44(4) : 330 -339 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0179
Due to the sharp increase in carbon emissions from human activities, global surface air temperature has increased significantly by approximately 1 °C since the Industrial Revolution, and it will continue to increase by up to 4 °C by the end of 21st century. This unprecedented climate change will not only affect the adaptation strategies of terrestrial vegetation, but also profoundly affect the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. The feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling to warming is the key factor controlling the speed of future climate change. Therefore, a large number of ecosystem-scale field warming manipulation experiments have been conducted globally to study the carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems and to improve the prediction accuracy of earth system models. However, due to differences in techniques and methods of these field warming experiments, results among different studies are difficult to compare and synthesize. This paper reviews the common techniques and methods of field warming manipulation experiments, including active warming and passive warming. It also summarizes advantages and disadvantages, applicable objects and related publications for these techniques and methods. Moreover, it briefly introduces future directions of field warming manipulation experiments—the next-generation field warming techniques, namely whole-soil-profile warming and whole-ecosystem warming, and calls for establishing a coordinated distributed network of field warming manipulation experiments using these techniques.
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