不同氮磷比处理对甘草生长与生态化学计量特征的影响
网络出版日期: 2017-04-12
Effects of different nitrogen:phosphorus levels on the growth and ecological stoichiometry of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Online published: 2017-04-12
大气氮(N)沉降增加加速了生态系统N循环, 导致生态系统磷(P)需求增加。开展不同N:P处理对荒漠草原植物生长和生态化学计量特征影响的研究, 不仅可为预测长期大气N沉降增加条件下植物和土壤的相互作用提供新思路, 而且可为全球变化背景下我国北方草地植被的可持续管理提供科学指导。该文通过2013-2014年针对甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)设立的不同N:P的盆栽控制试验, 研究了不同N:P处理对甘草生物量和碳(C)、N、P化学计量学特征(叶片、根系和土壤)的影响, 比较了C:N:P化学计量学特征在叶片、根系和土壤3个库间的差异和联系, 探讨了土壤C:N:P化学计量比对甘草生长和养分摄取的指示作用。结果显示: N:P的适当减小降低了土壤和甘草(叶片和根系)的C:P和N:P, 提高了甘草地上和地下生物量, 说明适量的P添加提高了土壤P有效性和甘草P摄取能力、促进了甘草生长和生物量积累。但过低的N:P处理(高P添加)使土壤C:P和N:P显著下降, 抑制了甘草对N的摄取, 从而不利于甘草生长; 甘草叶片和根系(尤其叶片) C:N:P化学计量学特征均与土壤C:N:P化学计量学特征存在不同程度的相关性, 意味着土壤C、N、P及其计量关系的改变会直接作用于植物。以上结果表明, 适当的人为P添加可通过调节土壤和植物叶片C:N:P化学计量学特征, 缓解土壤和植物间P的供需压力, 从而减缓长期大气N沉降增加对荒漠草原群落结构的不利影响。
黄菊莹, 余海龙, 王丽丽, 马凯博, 康扬眉, 杜雅仙 . 不同氮磷比处理对甘草生长与生态化学计量特征的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017 , 41(3) : 325 -336 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2016.0230
Aims The increase in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has accelerated N cycling of ecosystems, probably resulting in increases in phosphorus (P) demand of ecosystems. Studies on the effects of artificial N:P treatment on the growth and carbon (C), N, P ecological stoichiometry of desert steppe species could provide not only a new insight into the forecasting of how the interaction between soils and plants responses to long-term atmospheric N deposition increase, but also a scientific guidance for sustainable management of grassland in northern China under global climate change. Methods Based on a pot-cultured experiment conducted for Glycyrrhiza uralensis (an N-fixing species) during 2013 to 2014, we studied the effects of different N:P supply ratios (all pots were treated with the same amount of N but with different amounts of P) on aboveground biomass, root biomass, root/shoot ratio, and C:N:P ecological stoichiometry both in G. uralensis (leaves and roots) and in soils. Additionally, through the correlation analyses between biomass and C:N:P ecological stoichiometry in leaves, roots, and soils, we compared the differences among the C:N:P ecological stoichiometry of the three pools, and discussed the indication of C:N:P ecological stoichiometry in soils for the growth and nutrient uptake of G. uralensis. Important findings The results showed that, reducing N:P decreased C:P and N:P ratios both in G. uralensis (leaves and roots) and in soils but increased aboveground biomass and root biomass of G. uralensis, indicating that low to moderate P addition increased P availability of soils and P uptake of G. uralensis. However, excessive low N:P (high P addition) led to great decreases in soil C:P and N:P ratios, thus hindering N uptake and the growth of G. uralensis. C:N:P ratios in the two pools of G. uralensis (especially in leaves) had close correlations with soil C:N:P ratio, indicating that the change in soil C:N:P ratio would have a direct influence on plants. Our results suggest that, through regulating C:N:P ratio in leaves and soils, appropriate amounts of P addition could balance soil P supply and plant P demand and compensate the opposite influences of long-term atmospheric N deposition increase on the structure of desert steppe.
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