大针茅草原6种主要植物叶凋落物和根系分解特征与功能性状的关系
收稿日期: 2020-08-06
录用日期: 2020-12-23
网络出版日期: 2021-04-01
基金资助
内蒙古自然科学基金(2018MS03072);国家自然科学基金(31960246);国家自然科学基金(31560174);内蒙古农牧业创新基金(2020CXJJM11)
Decomposition characteristics of leaf litters and roots of six main plant species and their relationships with functional traits in Stipa grandis steppe
Received date: 2020-08-06
Accepted date: 2020-12-23
Online published: 2021-04-01
Supported by
Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol of China(2018MS03072);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960246);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31560174);Innovative Foundation of Nei Mongol Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences(2020CXJJM11)
开展凋落物分解特征与植物功能性状间的关系研究对于认识生态系统功能的维持机制至关重要。为了阐明不同物种叶凋落物和根系分解的主要影响因素, 该研究以大针茅(Stipa grandis)典型草原的大针茅、糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)、知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides)、羊草(Leymus chinensis)、银灰旋花(Convolvulus ammannii)和黄囊薹草(Carex korshinskyi) 6种植物的叶凋落物和根系为研究对象, 采用凋落物袋法通过501天的野外分解实验对叶凋落物和根系的分解速率常数进行研究, 并测定6种植物的叶片干物质含量、根比表面积、根组织密度以及叶凋落物和根系的碳(C)、氮(N)含量、纤维组分含量等功能性状, 探讨了6种植物叶凋落物和根系的分解特征与其功能性状之间的关系。结果表明, 6种植物叶片和根系性状的种间差异显著, 大部分性状的最大值和最小值的比值在1到2之间, 而个别性状如根系的C:N和根比表面积相差近4倍。叶凋落物和根系在分解过程中质量剩余率与分解速率常数整体变化趋势都表现出前期分解迅速, 中期相对变缓, 后期分解最慢的规律; 并且糙隐子草的叶凋落物和根系分解最慢, 而银灰旋花的叶凋落物分解最快, 知母根系分解最快。通过相关分析和逐步回归分析发现, 在不同分解时期, 叶凋落物和根系的分解过程受到不同性状的影响。结构性碳水化合物含量是叶凋落物前期和后期分解以及根系前期分解的主要影响因素, 非结构性碳水化合物含量则是根系中期和后期分解的主要影响因素; 另外, 叶凋落物在分解中期的分解速率主要受叶片干物质含量的影响, 根系在分解中期和后期的分解速率还分别受到根系C:N和N含量的显著影响。研究结果对于预测大针茅草原的碳和养分循环过程具有重要指导意义。
朱蔚娜, 张国龙, 张璞进, 张迁迁, 任瑾涛, 徐步云, 清华 . 大针茅草原6种主要植物叶凋落物和根系分解特征与功能性状的关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021 , 45(6) : 606 -616 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0268
Aims It is very important to investigate the relationships between litter decomposition characteristics and plant functional traits in understanding the maintenance mechanism of ecosystem functions.
Methods In order to study the main driving factors that affect the leaf litters and root decomposition of different species, this study took the leaf litters and roots of six main plant species Stipa grandis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Leymus chinensis, Convolvulus ammannii and Carex korshinskyi in S. grandis steppe. The litter bag method was used to study the decomposition rate constant of both leaf litters and root through 501 days of field incubation. Plant functional traits including leaf dry matter content, root specific surface area, root tissue density, contents of C, N and different cellulose components of the leaf and root litters were determined and the relationships between decomposition characteristics and functional traits of leaf litters and root across six plant species were examined.
Important findingsThe results showed that there were significant interspecific differences in leaf and root traits of six plant species. The ratios of maximum to minimum values for most traits were between 1 and 2, while the difference in some traits, such as C:N and specific surface area of roots between species was nearly 4 times. For the six plant species, the overall trend of the mass residue and decomposition rate constant of the leaf litter and root during 501 days of decomposition all showed the rapid decomposition in the early stage, relatively slow decomposition in the middle stage and the slowest decomposition in the later stage. During the decomposition process of leaf litters and roots, Cleistogenes squarrosa showed the slowest one, while the leaf litter decomposition of Anemarrhena asphodeloides was the fastest, and the root decomposition of Convolvulus ammannii was the fastest. Through the correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis, it was found that the decomposition process of leaf litters and roots was affected by different traits in different decomposition periods. The structural carbohydrate content was the main factor affecting the early and late decomposition of litters and the early decomposition of roots, while the non-structural carbohydrate content was the main factor affecting the middle and late decomposition of roots. In addition, the decomposition rate of leaf litters in the middle stage of decomposition was mainly affected by leaf dry matter content, while the decomposition rates of roots in the middle and late stages of decomposition were also significantly affected by C:N and N content, respectively. Our results present the important guide for the prediction of carbon and nutrient cycling process in the S. grandis steppe.
Key words： Stipa grandis steppe; litter; plant functional trait; decomposition rate
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