大针茅草原6种主要植物叶凋落物和根系分解特征与功能性状的关系

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0268

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 606-616.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0268

大针茅草原6种主要植物叶凋落物和根系分解特征与功能性状的关系

朱蔚娜¹^,³, 张国龙¹^,³, 张璞进², 张迁迁¹^,³, 任瑾涛¹^,³, 徐步云¹^,³, 清华¹^,³^,^*()

¹内蒙古大学生态与环境学院省部共建草地生态学国家重点实验室培育基地, 呼和浩特 010020
²内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特 010031
³内蒙古大学蒙古高原生态学与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010020

收稿日期:2020-08-06 接受日期:2020-12-23 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-09-09
通讯作者: 清华
作者简介:^*(qinghua_515@126.com)
基金资助:
内蒙古自然科学基金(2018MS03072);国家自然科学基金(31960246);国家自然科学基金(31560174);内蒙古农牧业创新基金(2020CXJJM11)

Decomposition characteristics of leaf litters and roots of six main plant species and their relationships with functional traits in Stipa grandis steppe

ZHU Wei-Na¹^,³, ZHANG Guo-Long¹^,³, ZHANG Pu-Jin², ZHANG Qian-Qian¹^,³, REN Jin-Tao¹^,³, XU Bu-Yun¹^,³, QING Hua¹^,³^,^*()

¹Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China
²Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
³Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China

Received:2020-08-06 Accepted:2020-12-23 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-09-09
Contact: QING Hua
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Nei Mongol of China(2018MS03072);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960246);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31560174);Innovative Foundation of Nei Mongol Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences(2020CXJJM11)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开展凋落物分解特征与植物功能性状间的关系研究对于认识生态系统功能的维持机制至关重要。为了阐明不同物种叶凋落物和根系分解的主要影响因素, 该研究以大针茅(Stipa grandis)典型草原的大针茅、糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)、知母(Anemarrhena asphodeloides)、羊草(Leymus chinensis)、银灰旋花(Convolvulus ammannii)和黄囊薹草(Carex korshinskyi) 6种植物的叶凋落物和根系为研究对象, 采用凋落物袋法通过501天的野外分解实验对叶凋落物和根系的分解速率常数进行研究, 并测定6种植物的叶片干物质含量、根比表面积、根组织密度以及叶凋落物和根系的碳(C)、氮(N)含量、纤维组分含量等功能性状, 探讨了6种植物叶凋落物和根系的分解特征与其功能性状之间的关系。结果表明, 6种植物叶片和根系性状的种间差异显著, 大部分性状的最大值和最小值的比值在1到2之间, 而个别性状如根系的C:N和根比表面积相差近4倍。叶凋落物和根系在分解过程中质量剩余率与分解速率常数整体变化趋势都表现出前期分解迅速, 中期相对变缓, 后期分解最慢的规律; 并且糙隐子草的叶凋落物和根系分解最慢, 而银灰旋花的叶凋落物分解最快, 知母根系分解最快。通过相关分析和逐步回归分析发现, 在不同分解时期, 叶凋落物和根系的分解过程受到不同性状的影响。结构性碳水化合物含量是叶凋落物前期和后期分解以及根系前期分解的主要影响因素, 非结构性碳水化合物含量则是根系中期和后期分解的主要影响因素; 另外, 叶凋落物在分解中期的分解速率主要受叶片干物质含量的影响, 根系在分解中期和后期的分解速率还分别受到根系C:N和N含量的显著影响。研究结果对于预测大针茅草原的碳和养分循环过程具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 大针茅草原, 凋落物, 植物功能性状, 分解速率

Abstract:

Aims It is very important to investigate the relationships between litter decomposition characteristics and plant functional traits in understanding the maintenance mechanism of ecosystem functions.

Methods In order to study the main driving factors that affect the leaf litters and root decomposition of different species, this study took the leaf litters and roots of six main plant species Stipa grandis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Leymus chinensis, Convolvulus ammannii and Carex korshinskyi in S. grandis steppe. The litter bag method was used to study the decomposition rate constant of both leaf litters and root through 501 days of field incubation. Plant functional traits including leaf dry matter content, root specific surface area, root tissue density, contents of C, N and different cellulose components of the leaf and root litters were determined and the relationships between decomposition characteristics and functional traits of leaf litters and root across six plant species were examined.

Important findingsThe results showed that there were significant interspecific differences in leaf and root traits of six plant species. The ratios of maximum to minimum values for most traits were between 1 and 2, while the difference in some traits, such as C:N and specific surface area of roots between species was nearly 4 times. For the six plant species, the overall trend of the mass residue and decomposition rate constant of the leaf litter and root during 501 days of decomposition all showed the rapid decomposition in the early stage, relatively slow decomposition in the middle stage and the slowest decomposition in the later stage. During the decomposition process of leaf litters and roots, Cleistogenes squarrosa showed the slowest one, while the leaf litter decomposition of Anemarrhena asphodeloides was the fastest, and the root decomposition of Convolvulus ammannii was the fastest. Through the correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis, it was found that the decomposition process of leaf litters and roots was affected by different traits in different decomposition periods. The structural carbohydrate content was the main factor affecting the early and late decomposition of litters and the early decomposition of roots, while the non-structural carbohydrate content was the main factor affecting the middle and late decomposition of roots. In addition, the decomposition rate of leaf litters in the middle stage of decomposition was mainly affected by leaf dry matter content, while the decomposition rates of roots in the middle and late stages of decomposition were also significantly affected by C:N and N content, respectively. Our results present the important guide for the prediction of carbon and nutrient cycling process in the S. grandis steppe.

Key words: Stipa grandis steppe, litter, plant functional trait, decomposition rate

朱蔚娜, 张国龙, 张璞进, 张迁迁, 任瑾涛, 徐步云, 清华. 大针茅草原6种主要植物叶凋落物和根系分解特征与功能性状的关系. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(6): 606-616. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0268

ZHU Wei-Na, ZHANG Guo-Long, ZHANG Pu-Jin, ZHANG Qian-Qian, REN Jin-Tao, XU Bu-Yun, QING Hua. Decomposition characteristics of leaf litters and roots of six main plant species and their relationships with functional traits in Stipa grandis steppe. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(6): 606-616. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0268

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0268

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I6/606

图/表 7

表1 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物叶凋落物的功能性状及叶片干物质含量(平均值2标准误)

Table 1 Functional traits and dry matter content of leaves of leaf ltter of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol (mean2SE)

表2 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物根系的功能性状(平均值2标准误)

Table 2 Functional traits of roots of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol (mean2SE)

图1 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物叶凋落物和根分解过程中的质量剩余率变化(平均值±标准误, n = 3)。A, 叶凋落物分解。B, 根系分解。由于银灰旋花叶片较小且易碎, 第76天处理时出现较大异常。

Fig. 1 Variation of mass residual rate during the decomposition process of leaf litters and roots of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol (mean ± SE, n = 3). A, Decomposition of leaf litters. B, Decomposition of roots. Because Convolvulus ammannii leaves were small and fragile, and a big abnormality appeared at 76 daysʼ treatment.

表3 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物叶凋落物与根在不同分解时期的拟合分解速率常数(平均值±标准误)

Table 3 Functional traits of roots of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol (mean±SE)

图2 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物叶凋落物功能性状与分解速率常数(k)的关系。与4个时期k都无相关性的功能性状未画出(p > 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Relationship between functional traits of leaf litter and decomposition rate constant (k) of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol. Functional traits that were not correlated with k for any of the four periods were not plotted (p > 0.05).

图3 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物根凋落物功能性状与分解速率常数(k)的关系。与4个时期k都无相关性的功能性状未画出(p > 0.05)。

Fig. 3 Relationship between functional traits of litters of plant roots and decomposition rate constant (k) of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol. Functional traits that were not correlated with k of the four periods were not plotted (p > 0.05).

表4 内蒙古大针茅草原6种植物叶凋落物和根系多元逐步回归模型系数及显著性

Table 4 Multiple stepwise regression model coefficients and significance of leaf and root litters of six plant species in Stipa grandis steppe in Nei Mongol

分解时间段 Decomposition period (d)	凋落物类型 Litter type	模型 Model	r	调整后的R² Adjusted R²	F	显著性 Significance	赤池信息准则值 AICc
0-104	叶 Leaf	k_L = 4.336 - 0.116X₆	0.907	0.812	74.639	<0.001	1.213 0
		k_L = 5.448 - 0.140X₆ - 0.057X₇	0.945	0.878	62.069	<0.001	-4.300 6
		k_L = 4.968 - 0.149X₆ - 0.055X₇ + 0.19X₅	0.962	0.910	58.202	<0.001	-7.094 9
	根 Root	k_R = 2.411 - 0.055X₆	0.826	0.663	34.410	<0.001	4.521 8
		k_R = 3.118 - 0.06X₆ - 0.041X₇	0.946	0.881	64.217	<0.001	6.992 0
		k_R = 3.937 - 0.056X₆ - 0.046X₇ - 0.019X₁	0.976	0.942	92.731	<0.001	-22.226 0
105-223	叶 Leaf	k_L = 1.131 - 0.020X₉	0.750	0.536	20.607	<0.001	-11.592 8
	根 Root	k_R = 0.131 + 0.014X₄	0.767	0.563	22.863	<0.001	-19.749 6
	根 Root	k_R = -0.069 + 0.012X₄ + 0.006X₃	0.905	0.795	34.016	<0.001	-31.214 4
224-501	叶 Leaf	k_L = 0.15 + 0.027X₇	0.695	0.451	14.985	0.001	-34.327 3
	叶 Leaf	k_L = -0.272 + 0.03X₇ + 0.008X₆	0.777	0.551	11.440	0.001	-31.549 6
	根 Root	k_R = 0.071 + 0.04X₄	0.679	0.427	13.685	0.002	-58.761 2
		k_R = 0.120 + 0.004X₄ - 0.047X₂	0.846	0.678	18.867	<0.001	-23.870 1
		k_R = 0.406 + 0.001X₄ - 0.106X₂ - 0.001X₁₀	0.899	0.768	19.751	<0.001	-70.138 3
0-501	叶 Leaf	k_L = -1.059 - 0.023X₆	0.874	0.749	51.631	<0.001	-51.201 6
		k_L = -1.050 - 0.029X₆ + 0.005X₉	0.924	0.835	43.920	<0.001	-56.544 5
		k_L = -1.407 - 0.044X₆ + 0.01X₉ - 0.019X₇	0.960	0.904	54.266	<0.001	-63.616 2
	根 Root	k_R = 0.119 + 0.012X₄	0.944	0.885	131.926	<0.001	-58.386 3
	根 Root	k_R = 0.212 + 0.012X₄ - 0.137X₁₁	0.960	0.911	88.248	<0.001	-60.832 1

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大针茅草原6种主要植物叶凋落物和根系分解特征与功能性状的关系

Decomposition characteristics of leaf litters and roots of six main plant species and their relationships with functional traits in Stipa grandis steppe

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