2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及 驱动力分析

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253

植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 617-625.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253

2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及驱动力分析

汲玉河¹^,², 周广胜¹^,²^,^*(), 王树东³, 王丽霞⁴, 周梦子¹

¹中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室, 北京 100081
²郑州大学地球科学与技术学院生态气象联合实验室, 郑州 450001
³中国科学院空天信息创新研究院, 北京 100101
⁴生态环境部卫星环境应用中心, 北京 100094

收稿日期:2020-07-28 接受日期:2021-03-15 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-09-09
通讯作者: 周广胜
作者简介:^*(zhougs@cma.gov.cn)
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41705093);国家自然科学基金(41571175);国家自然科学基金(31661143028);国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0606103)

Evolution characteristics and its driving forces analysis of vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019

JI Yu-He¹^,², ZHOU Guang-Sheng¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Shu-Dong³, WANG Li-Xia⁴, ZHOU Meng-Zi¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science, Beijing 100081, China
²Joint Laboratory of Eco-meteorology, School of Earth Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
³Aerospace Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
⁴Ministry of Ecology and Environment Center for Satellite Application on Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100094, China

Received:2020-07-28 Accepted:2021-03-15 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-09-09
Contact: ZHOU Guang-Sheng
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41705093);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571175);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31661143028);National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0606103)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了阐明2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量变化的空间异质性, 以及植被生态质量变化的驱动力, 该文采用模型模拟和卫星观测的方法对植被生态质量演变及其驱动力进行研究。结果显示: (1)秦岭地区植被生态质量整体显著改善, 植被净初级生产力(NPP)和植被覆盖度(VFC)的平均增加速率分别为8 g C·m^-2·a^-1和0.005 4·a^-1。空间上, 秦岭地区85%-95%区域的植被生态质量明显改善, 但是以西安市为代表的局部地区植被NPP和VFC显著下降。(2)秦岭地区80%-85%区域的降水量和气温呈上升趋势, 与植被NPP和VFC增加的空间范围大体一致, 证实气候暖湿化对改善植被质量有重要驱动作用。(3)人类保护活动(天然林保护、退耕还林还草等)使秦岭地区大范围植被生态系统得到抚育, 林地、草地和水域面积大幅度增加。以秦岭北麓为代表的建设用地扩张是秦岭部分地区植被生态质量恶化的主要原因, 但是人类破坏活动被限制在局部区域。

关键词: 秦岭, 生态质量, 气候变化, 归一化植被指数, 植被覆盖度, 净初级生产力

Abstract:

Aims This study was conducted to illustrate the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation ecological quality change, and to clarify the driving forces of ecological quality change in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019.

Methods The methods of model simulation and satellite observation were used.

Important findings The results showed that (1) Vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region was significantly improved, and the average increase rates of net primary productivity (NPP) and vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) were 8 g C·m^-2·a^-1 and 0.005 4·a^-1, respectively. Spatially, 85%-95% of the Qinling Mountains region showed a significant improvement in ecosystem quality, but NPP and VFC decreased significantly in some areas such as Xiʼan City. (2) 80%-85% of the Qinling Mountains region showed an increasing trend in precipitation and temperature, which was consistent with the distribution area increasing NPP and VFC. These evidence confirmed that warm and humid climate played an important role in improving vegetation ecological quality. (3) Human protection activities (Natural Forest Protection, Grain for Green Project, etc.) have increased the area of woodland, grassland and water area significantly, and a large range of vegetation ecosystems have been nurtured in the Qinling Mountains region. The expansion of construction land represented by the northern slope of Qinling Mountains was the main reason for the deterioration of vegetation ecological quality. However, human destructive activities were limited to local areas.

Key words: Qinling Mountains, ecological quality, climate change, normalized difference vegetation index, vegetation fractional coverage, net primary productivity

汲玉河, 周广胜, 王树东, 王丽霞, 周梦子. 2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及驱动力分析. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(6): 617-625. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253

JI Yu-He, ZHOU Guang-Sheng, WANG Shu-Dong, WANG Li-Xia, ZHOU Meng-Zi. Evolution characteristics and its driving forces analysis of vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(6): 617-625. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I6/617

图/表 7

图1 广义秦岭的地理范围。

Fig. 1 Geographical range of Qinling Mountains region in a broad sense.

图2 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上多年平均的植被净初级生产力(NPP)(A)、植被覆盖度(VFC)(B), 及其变化趋势(C, D), 以及各栅格平均的变化趋势(E, F)。

Fig. 2 Annual vegetation net primary productivity (NPP)(A), average vegetation coverage (VFC)(B), their change trends (C, D) at spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km, and the average change trends from all grids (E, F) in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019.

图3 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上的年平均气温变化趋势(A)及各栅格平均的变化趋势(B)。

Fig. 3 Change trends of mean annual temperature (A) at spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km, and the average trend from all grids over Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019 (B).

图4 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上的年降水量变化趋势(A)及各栅格平均的变化趋势(B)。

Fig. 4 Change trends of annual precipitation (A) at spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km, and the average trend from all grids over Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019 (B).

表1 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上平均的气候变量(年降水量和年平均气温)与植被变量(净初级生产力和覆盖度)的偏相关关系

Table 1 Partial correlations between climate variables (annual precipitation and annual mean air temperature) and vegetation variables (net primary productivity and coverage) from 1 km × 1 km spatial accuracy over Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019

植被变量 Vegetation variables	年降水量 Annual precipitation			年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature
植被变量 Vegetation variables	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	显著性 Significance (Two-tailed)	自由度 df	相关系数 Correlation coefficient	显著性 Significance (Two-tailed)	自由度 df
净初级生产力 Net primary productivity	0.603	0.006	17	0.360	0.130	17
覆盖度 Coverage	0.291	0.226	17	0.393	0.096	17

表2 2000-2015年秦岭地区土地利用类型及其变化

Table 2 Land use types and their change in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2015

土地利用变化 Land use change	农田 Farmland	林地 Forest land	草地 Grassland	水域 Body of water	建设用地 Construction land
2000年面积 Area in 2000 (hm²)	3 243 955	4 902 716	3 652 886	107 819	187 831
2015年面积 Area in 2015 (hm²)	3 092 793	4 928 172	3 671 340	118 299	282 880
增减面积 Increase or decrease area (hm²)	-151 162	25 456	18 454	10 480	95 049
增减幅度 Range of increase or decrease (%)	-4.66	0.52	0.51	9.72	50.60

图5 2000-2015年秦岭地区土地利用的变化。

Fig. 5 Change of land use in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2015.

参考文献 28

[1]	Chen XN, Jiang HC(2019). Climate response of NDVI index on Qinling Mountains in 25 years. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, (3), 103-107.
	[ 陈晓宁, 蒋好忱(2019). 25年来秦岭NDVI指数的气候响应. 测绘通报, (3), 103-107.]
[2]	Deng CH, Bai HY, Gao S, Liu RJ, Ma XP, Huang XY, Meng Q(2018). Spatial-temporal variation of the vegetation coverage in Qinling Mountains and its dual response to climate change and human activities. Journal of Natural Resources, 33, 425-438.
	[ 邓晨晖, 白红英, 高山, 刘荣娟, 马新萍, 黄晓月, 孟清(2018). 秦岭植被覆盖时空变化及其对气候变化与人类活动的双重响应. 自然资源学报, 33, 425-438.]
[3]	Deng CH, Bai HY, Gao S, Zhao T, Ma XP (2019a). Differences and variations in the elevation-dependent climatic growing season of the northern and southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains of China from 1985 to 2015. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 137, 1159-1169. DOI URL
[4]	Deng CH, Bai HY, Ma XP, Zhao T, Gao S, Huang XY (2019b). Spatiotemporal differences in the climatic growing season in the Qinling Mountains of China under the influence of global warming from 1964 to 2015. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 138, 1899-1911. DOI URL
[5]	Fang JY, Song YC, Liu HY, Piao SL (2002). Vegetation- climate relationship and its application in the division of vegetation zone in China. Acta Botanica Sinica, 44, 1105-1122.
[6]	Feng X, Liu G, Chen JM, Chen M, Liu J, Ju WM, Sun R, Zhou W (2007). Net primary productivity of China’s terrestrial ecosystems from a process model driven by remote sensing. Journal of Environmental Management, 85, 563-573. PMID
[7]	Huang JJ(2015). Control of Qinling tectonic zone on climate and eco-environment in Shaanxi. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 37(3), 81-86.
	[ 黄建军(2015). 秦岭构造带对陕西气候和生态环境的控制作用. 地球科学与环境学报, 37(3), 81-86.]
[8]	IPCC (2018). Summary for policymakers//Masson-Delmotte V, Zhai P, Pörtner HO, Roberts D, Skea J, Shukla PR, Pirani A, Moufouma-Okia W, Péan C, Pidcock R, Connors S, Matthews JBR, Chen Y, Zhou X, Gomis MI, et al. Global Warming of 1.5 °C. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
[9]	Ji YH, Zhou GS, Luo TX, Dan Y, Zhou L, Lv XM (2020). Variation of net primary productivity and its drivers in China’s forests during 2000-2018. Forest Ecosystems, 7, 15. DOI: 10.1186/s40663-020-00229-0. DOI URL
[10]	Jia K, Yao YJ, Wei XQ, Gao S, Jiang B, Zhao X(2013). A review on fractional vegetation cover estimation using remote sensing. Advances in Earth Science, 28, 774-782.
	[ 贾坤, 姚云军, 魏香琴, 高帅, 江波, 赵祥(2013). 植被覆盖度遥感估算研究进展. 地球科学进展, 28, 774-782.]
[11]	Jiang C, Mu XM, Wang F, Zhao GJ (2016). Analysis of extreme temperature events in the Qinling Mountains and surrounding area during 1960-2012. Quaternary International, 392, 155-167. DOI URL
[12]	Li CX, Gao X, Xi ZL (2019). Characteristics, hazards, and control of illegal villa (houses): evidence from the Northern Piedmont of Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 21059-21064. DOI URL
[13]	Li WZ, Huang CP, Ji WL(2000). A Study on the problems of implementing natural forests conservation programme in Qinling forest area. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 15(1), 80-84.
	[ 李卫忠, 黄春萍, 吉文丽(2000). 秦岭林区实施天然林保护工程若干问题的思考. 西北林学院学报, 15(1), 80-84.]
[14]	Li Y, Viña A, Yang W, Chen XD, Zhang JD, Ouyang ZY, Liang Z, Liu JG (2013). Effects of conservation policies on forest cover change in giant panda habitat regions, China. Land Use Policy, 33, 42-53. DOI URL
[15]	Liu HY, Zhang MY, Lin ZS, Xu XJ (2018). Spatial heterogeneity of the relationship between vegetation dynamics and climate change and their driving forces at multiple time scales in Southwest China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 256-257, 10-21.
[16]	Pi WQ, Du JM, Chen C, Zhu XB, Liu H(2018). Identification of vegetation in high-spectral images of desertification grassland based on normalized vegetation index. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 39(4), 75-79.
	[ 皮伟强, 杜健民, 陈程, 朱相兵, 刘浩(2018). 基于归一化植被指数对荒漠化草原地面高光谱影像中植被的识别. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 39(4), 75-79.]
[17]	Shao YT, Mu XM, He Y, Sun WY, Zhao GJ, Gao P (2019). Spatiotemporal variations of extreme precipitation events at multi-time scales in the Qinling-Daba mountains region, China. Quaternary International, 525, 89-102. DOI URL
[18]	Sun YL, Yang YL, Zhang L, Wang ZL (2015). The relative roles of climate variations and human activities in vegetation change in North China. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 87-88, 67-78.
[19]	Wang J, Zhou WQ, Xu KP, Yan JL, Li WF, Han LJ(2017). Quantitative assessment of ecological quality in Beijing- Tianjin-Hebei urban megaregion, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 28, 2667-2676.
	[ 王静, 周伟奇, 许开鹏, 颜景理, 李伟峰, 韩立建(2017). 京津冀地区的生态质量定量评价. 应用生态学报, 28, 2667-2676.]
[20]	Xu B, Yang XC, Tao WG, Qin ZH, Liu HQ, Miao JM(2007). Remote sensing monitoring upon the grass production in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 27, 405-413. DOI URL
	[ 徐斌, 杨秀春, 陶伟国, 覃志豪, 刘海启, 缪建明(2007). 中国草原产草量遥感监测. 生态学报, 27, 405-413.]
[21]	Xu WH, Viña A, Qi ZX, Ouyang ZY, Liu JG, Liu W, Wan H (2014). Evaluating conservation effectiveness of nature reserves established for surrogate species: case of a giant panda nature reserve in Qinling Mountains, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 24(1), 60-70. DOI URL
[22]	Xu ZX(2015). Grain for Green, full of green Qinling Mountains. Environmental Economy, (21), 33.
	[ 徐祯霞(2015). 退耕还林, 绿满秦岭. 环境经济, (21), 33.]
[23]	Zhang HJ, Gao Y, Hua YW, Zhang Y, Liu K (2019). Assessing and mapping recreationists’ perceived social values for ecosystem services in the Qinling Mountains, China. Ecosystem Services, 39, 101006. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2019.101006. DOI URL
[24]	Zhang W, Wang LC, Xiang FF, Qin WM, Jiang WX (2020). Vegetation dynamics and the relations with climate change at multiple time scales in the Yangtze River and Yellow River Basin, China. Ecological Indicators, 110, 105892. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105892. DOI URL
[25]	Zhang YB, Wang YZ, Phillips N, Ma KP, Li JS, Wang W (2017). Integrated maps of biodiversity in the Qinling Mountains of China for expanding protected areas. Biological Conservation, 210, 64-71. DOI URL
[26]	Zhang ZW, Cui YW(1963). Vegetation regionalization in Qinling Mountains (draft). Acta Phytoecologia et Geobotanica Sinica, 1, 161-162.
	[ 张珍萬, 崔友文(1963). 秦岭地区的植被区划(草案). 植物生态学与地植物学丛刊, 1, 161-162.]
[27]	Zhou GS, Zhang XS(1996). Study on NPP of natural vegetation in China under global climate change. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 20, 11-19.
	[ 周广胜, 张新时(1996). 全球气候变化的中国自然植被的净第一性生产力研究. 植物生态学报, 20, 11-19.]
[28]	Zhou ZX, Li MT (2017). Spatial-temporal change in urban agricultural land use efficiency from the perspective of agricultural multi-functionality: a case study of the Xi’an metropolitan zone. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 27, 1499-1520. DOI URL

2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及驱动力分析

Evolution characteristics and its driving forces analysis of vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 28

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	高德才白娥. 冻融循环期间土壤N2O排放影响因素研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(9): 0-0.
[2]	倪铭, 张曦月, 姜超, 王鹤松. 中国西南部地区植被对极端气候事件的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(6): 626-640.
[3]	方欧娅, 张永, 张启, 贾恒锋. 黄河上游甘蒙柽柳生长对极端旱涝的响应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(6): 641-649.
[4]	陈哲, 汪浩, 王金洲, 石慧瑾, 刘慧颖, 贺金生. 基于物候相机归一化植被指数估算高寒草地植物地上生物量的季节动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(5): 487-495.
[5]	周明星, 李登秋, 邹建军. 基于稠密Landsat数据的邛崃山大熊猫栖息地植被变化研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(4): 355-369.
[6]	周稳, 迟永刚, 周蕾. 基于日光诱导叶绿素荧光的北半球森林物候研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(4): 345-354.
[7]	王奕丹, 李亮, 刘琪璟, 马泽清. 亚热带6个典型树种吸收细根寿命与形态属性格局[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(4): 383-393.
[8]	徐光来, 李爱娟, 徐晓华, 杨先成, 杨强强. 中国生态功能保护区归一化植被指数动态及气候因子驱动[J]. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(3): 213-223.
[9]	嘎玛达尔基, 杨泽, 谭星儒, 王珊珊, 李伟晶, 游翠海, 王彦兵, 张兵伟, 任婷婷, 陈世苹. 凋落物输入变化和氮添加对半干旱草原群落生产力及功能群组成的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(8): 791-806.
[10]	白娥, 薛冰. 土地利用与土地覆盖变化对生态系统的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(5): 543-552.
[11]	牛书丽, 陈卫楠. 全球变化与生态系统研究现状与展望[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(5): 449-460.
[12]	舒树淼, 朱万泽, 冉飞, 孙守琴, 张元媛. 贡嘎山峨眉冷杉成熟林碳利用效率季节动态及其影响因子[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(11): 1127-1137.
[13]	张文强, 罗格平, 郑宏伟, 王浩, HAMDI Rafiq, 何惠丽, 蔡鹏, 陈春波. 基于随机森林模型的内陆干旱区植被指数变化与驱动力分析: 以北天山北坡中段为例[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(11): 1113-1126.
[14]	王玉冰,孙毅寒,丁威,张恩涛,李文怀,迟永刚,郑淑霞. 长期氮添加对典型草原植物多样性与初级生产力的影响及途径[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(1): 22-32.
[15]	胡菀,张志勇,陈陆丹,彭焱松,汪旭. 末次盛冰期以来观光木的潜在地理分布变迁[J]. 植物生态学报, 2020, 44(1): 44-55.

2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及 驱动力分析

Evolution characteristics and its driving forces analysis of vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 28

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及驱动力分析