植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 617-625.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253
汲玉河1,2, 周广胜1,2,*(), 王树东3, 王丽霞4, 周梦子1
收稿日期:
2020-07-28
接受日期:
2021-03-15
出版日期:
2021-06-20
发布日期:
2021-09-09
通讯作者:
周广胜
作者简介:
*(zhougs@cma.gov.cn)基金资助:
JI Yu-He1,2, ZHOU Guang-Sheng1,2,*(), WANG Shu-Dong3, WANG Li-Xia4, ZHOU Meng-Zi1
Received:
2020-07-28
Accepted:
2021-03-15
Online:
2021-06-20
Published:
2021-09-09
Contact:
ZHOU Guang-Sheng
Supported by:
摘要:
为了阐明2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量变化的空间异质性, 以及植被生态质量变化的驱动力, 该文采用模型模拟和卫星观测的方法对植被生态质量演变及其驱动力进行研究。结果显示: (1)秦岭地区植被生态质量整体显著改善, 植被净初级生产力(NPP)和植被覆盖度(VFC)的平均增加速率分别为8 g C·m-2·a-1和0.005 4·a-1。空间上, 秦岭地区85%-95%区域的植被生态质量明显改善, 但是以西安市为代表的局部地区植被NPP和VFC显著下降。(2)秦岭地区80%-85%区域的降水量和气温呈上升趋势, 与植被NPP和VFC增加的空间范围大体一致, 证实气候暖湿化对改善植被质量有重要驱动作用。(3)人类保护活动(天然林保护、退耕还林还草等)使秦岭地区大范围植被生态系统得到抚育, 林地、草地和水域面积大幅度增加。以秦岭北麓为代表的建设用地扩张是秦岭部分地区植被生态质量恶化的主要原因, 但是人类破坏活动被限制在局部区域。
汲玉河, 周广胜, 王树东, 王丽霞, 周梦子. 2000-2019年秦岭地区植被生态质量演变特征及 驱动力分析. 植物生态学报, 2021, 45(6): 617-625. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253
JI Yu-He, ZHOU Guang-Sheng, WANG Shu-Dong, WANG Li-Xia, ZHOU Meng-Zi. Evolution characteristics and its driving forces analysis of vegetation ecological quality in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021, 45(6): 617-625. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0253
图2 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上多年平均的植被净初级生产力(NPP)(A)、植被覆盖度(VFC)(B), 及其变化趋势(C, D), 以及各栅格平均的变化趋势(E, F)。
Fig. 2 Annual vegetation net primary productivity (NPP)(A), average vegetation coverage (VFC)(B), their change trends (C, D) at spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km, and the average change trends from all grids (E, F) in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019.
图3 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上的年平均气温变化趋势(A)及各栅格平均的变化趋势(B)。
Fig. 3 Change trends of mean annual temperature (A) at spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km, and the average trend from all grids over Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019 (B).
图4 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上的年降水量变化趋势(A)及各栅格平均的变化趋势(B)。
Fig. 4 Change trends of annual precipitation (A) at spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km, and the average trend from all grids over Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019 (B).
植被变量 Vegetation variables | 年降水量 Annual precipitation | 年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 显著性 Significance (Two-tailed) | 自由度 df | 相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 显著性 Significance (Two-tailed) | 自由度 df | |
净初级生产力 Net primary productivity | 0.603 | 0.006 | 17 | 0.360 | 0.130 | 17 |
覆盖度 Coverage | 0.291 | 0.226 | 17 | 0.393 | 0.096 | 17 |
表1 2000-2019年秦岭地区1 km × 1 km空间精度上平均的气候变量(年降水量和年平均气温)与植被变量(净初级生产力和覆盖度)的偏相关关系
Table 1 Partial correlations between climate variables (annual precipitation and annual mean air temperature) and vegetation variables (net primary productivity and coverage) from 1 km × 1 km spatial accuracy over Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2019
植被变量 Vegetation variables | 年降水量 Annual precipitation | 年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 显著性 Significance (Two-tailed) | 自由度 df | 相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 显著性 Significance (Two-tailed) | 自由度 df | |
净初级生产力 Net primary productivity | 0.603 | 0.006 | 17 | 0.360 | 0.130 | 17 |
覆盖度 Coverage | 0.291 | 0.226 | 17 | 0.393 | 0.096 | 17 |
土地利用变化 Land use change | 农田 Farmland | 林地 Forest land | 草地 Grassland | 水域 Body of water | 建设用地 Construction land |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000年面积 Area in 2000 (hm2) | 3 243 955 | 4 902 716 | 3 652 886 | 107 819 | 187 831 |
2015年面积 Area in 2015 (hm2) | 3 092 793 | 4 928 172 | 3 671 340 | 118 299 | 282 880 |
增减面积 Increase or decrease area (hm2) | -151 162 | 25 456 | 18 454 | 10 480 | 95 049 |
增减幅度 Range of increase or decrease (%) | -4.66 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 9.72 | 50.60 |
表2 2000-2015年秦岭地区土地利用类型及其变化
Table 2 Land use types and their change in Qinling Mountains region from 2000 to 2015
土地利用变化 Land use change | 农田 Farmland | 林地 Forest land | 草地 Grassland | 水域 Body of water | 建设用地 Construction land |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000年面积 Area in 2000 (hm2) | 3 243 955 | 4 902 716 | 3 652 886 | 107 819 | 187 831 |
2015年面积 Area in 2015 (hm2) | 3 092 793 | 4 928 172 | 3 671 340 | 118 299 | 282 880 |
增减面积 Increase or decrease area (hm2) | -151 162 | 25 456 | 18 454 | 10 480 | 95 049 |
增减幅度 Range of increase or decrease (%) | -4.66 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 9.72 | 50.60 |
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