亚洲旱区草地NDVI对气候变化的响应及滞后效应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0474

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 1375-1385.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0474

所属专题：全球变化与生态系统；生态遥感及应用

亚洲旱区草地NDVI对气候变化的响应及滞后效应

缪丽娟¹^,^*(), 张宇阳¹, 揣小伟², 包刚³, 何昱¹, 朱敬雯⁴

¹南京信息工程大学地理科学学院, 南京 210044
²南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京 210023
³内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院, 呼和浩特 010010
⁴南京信息工程大学长望学院, 南京 210044

收稿日期:2022-11-23 接受日期:2023-04-06 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-05-08
通讯作者: * E-mail: miaolijuan1111@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(42101295);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210657);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(21KJB170003);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1510200)

Effects of climatic factors and their time-lag on grassland NDVI in Asian drylands

MIAO Li-Juan¹^,^*(), ZHANG Yu-Yang¹, CHUAI Xiao-Wei², BAO Gang³, HE Yu¹, ZHU Jing-Wen⁴

¹School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
²School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
³College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010010, China
⁴Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2022-11-23 Accepted:2023-04-06 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-05-08
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42101295);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210657);Natural Science Research Project for Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province(21KJB170003);National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFC1510200)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着全球变暖和人类活动加剧, 全球干旱区进一步扩张。干旱区植被生态系统的脆弱性和敏感性增强。因此, 探究干旱区植被长势对气候变化的响应机制及滞后效应成为了当前研究的热点。该研究基于中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)提供的归一化植被指数(NDVI)资料、英国东英格利亚大学气候研究所提供的逐月网格化CRU TS4.05气候资料和干旱指数资料、ERA5 (ECMWF全球气候的第五代大气再分析资料)提供的太阳辐射资料和欧洲航天局全球基本气候变化监测项目提供的土壤水分资料, 借助于窗口交叉相关法和线性回归法, 探究了2001-2020年亚洲旱区草地NDVI对气候变化的响应及滞后效应。研究发现: 1)草地NDVI对当月平均气温和降水总量的响应最为强烈, 对太阳辐射和土壤水分则存在显著的滞后响应。具体表现为草地NDVI对太阳辐射和土壤水分的响应存在1个月的滞后; 2)草地NDVI与各气候要素响应的滞后时间在空间分布上较不均匀, 在亚洲旱区的东部和西部存在明显差异; 3)草地NDVI与自矫正帕默尔干旱指数间不存在显著的滞后效应; 4)海拔在一定程度上影响了亚洲旱区草地NDVI与各要素的响应关系。

关键词: 草地, 影响要素, 归一化植被指数, 滞后效应, 亚洲旱区

Abstract:

Aims Along with intensified climatic warming and human activities, global arid areas have expanded in an unprecedented rate during the past decades. Dryland ecosystems have witnessed increased vulnerability and sensitivity to climate change. Exploring the time lag effect of climate change on dryland vegetation growth is becoming an important research highlight in current global change related studies.

Methods In this study, we synthesized the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from Moderate- resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the monthly gridded CRU TS4.05 (Climatic Research Unit Time-Series version 4.05) climate and drought information developed by the University of East Anglia, solar radiation information from ERA5 (ECMWF’s Fifth Generation Atmospheric Reanalysis of the Global Climate) and soil moisture information from the European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative program (CCI). These data were designed to investigate the effects of climatic factors and their time-lag on grassland NDVI in Asian grasslands from 2001 to 2020. This analysis was conducted based on the window cross-correlation and one-dimensional linear regression.

Important findings Our study revealed that: 1) The grassland NDVI responded strongly to average temperature and total precipitation when there was no lag, but expressed a lag response to solar radiation and soil moisture (1-month). 2) The spatial distributions of the lag response of grassland NDVI to climate change were nonuniform, with significant differences observed between the western and eastern Asian grasslands. 3) We did not detect any apparent time-lag effects on interactions between grassland NDVI and self-calibrating Palmer Drought Index. 4) We argue that altitude could partly modulate the response of grassland NDVI to climatic variables in the grassland of Asian drylands.

Key words: grassland, influencing determinant, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), lag effect, Asian drylands

缪丽娟, 张宇阳, 揣小伟, 包刚, 何昱, 朱敬雯. 亚洲旱区草地NDVI对气候变化的响应及滞后效应. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(10): 1375-1385. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0474

MIAO Li-Juan, ZHANG Yu-Yang, CHUAI Xiao-Wei, BAO Gang, HE Yu, ZHU Jing-Wen. Effects of climatic factors and their time-lag on grassland NDVI in Asian drylands. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(10): 1375-1385. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0474

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0474

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I10/1375

图/表 7

图1 亚洲旱区草地研究区示意图。

Fig. 1 Geographical location of the research area for Asian dryland grasslands.

图2 不同滞后月份下亚洲旱区草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)与各要素的交叉相关系数矩阵图。图右侧的曲线表明各滞后月份下的平均相关系数。滞后时间为正, 表明草地NDVI滞后响应于影响要素; 滞后时间为负, 表明草地NDVI超前响应于影响要素。scPDSI, 自矫正帕尔默干旱指数。

Fig. 2 Matrix of cross-correlation coefficients between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and its driving factors in Asian dryland grasslands at different time lags. The curves on the right side show the average correlation coefficients at different time lags. A positive time lag indicates that grassland NDVI lags behind the driving factors, while a negative lag time indicates that grassland NDVI overresponds to the driving factors. scPDSI, self-calibrating Palmer Drought Index.

表1 亚洲旱区草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)对各要素响应的最佳滞后时间以及决定系数(R2)

Table 1 Optimal lag time and coefficient of determinations (R2) with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for Asian dryland grasslands

	0个月 0-month	1个月 1-month	2个月 2-months	3个月 3-months	4个月 4-months	5个月 5-months	6个月 6-months
NDVI-气温 NDVI-air temperature	0.711 1	0.638 9	0.302 6	0.030 5	-	-	-
NDVI-降水 NDVI-precipitation	0.718 0	0.662 4	0.261 1	0.008 6	-	-	-
NDVI-太阳辐射 NDVI-solar radiation	0.680 8	0.738 1	0.414 5	0.284 6	-	-	-
NDVI-土壤水分 NDVI-soil moisture	0.497 9	0.553 6	0.237 5	0.010 3	-	-	-
NDVI-干旱指数 NDVI-drought index	0.001 5	0.003 8	1.788 1 × ${{10}^{-7}}$	0.002 1	0.003 0	0.012 1	0.010 0

图3 基于窗口交叉相关法, 最佳滞后月份下亚洲旱区草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)与各要素相关系数的空间分布图。空白区域表示该地区为非草地。A, NDVI与气温滞后0个月的相关系数。B, NDVI与降水滞后0个月的相关系数。C, NDVI与太阳辐射滞后1个月的相关系数。D, NDVI与土壤水分滞后1个月的相关系数。E, NDVI与干旱指数滞后5个月的相关系数。

Fig. 3 Spatial distributions of correlation coefficients between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and its driving factors for Asian grasslands at the best time lag by the window cross-correlation method. Blank areas indicate that the region is non-grassland. A, Correlation coefficient between NDVI and 0-month lag of air temperature. B, Correlation coefficient between NDVI and 0-month lag of precipitation. C, Correlation coefficient between NDVI and 1-month lag of solar radiation. D, Correlation coefficient between NDVI and 1-month lag of soil moisture. E, Correlation coefficient between NDVI and 5-months lag of drought index.

图4 基于一元线性回归法, 最佳滞后月份下亚洲干旱区内草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)与各要素决定系数(R2)的空间分布图。空白区域表示该地区为非草地。A, NDVI与气温滞后0个月的决定系数。B, NDVI与降水滞后0个月的决定系数。C, NDVI与太阳辐射滞后1个月的决定系数。D, NDVI与土壤水分滞后1个月的决定系数。E, NDVI与干旱指数滞后5个月的决定系数。

Fig. 4 Spatial distributions of determination coefficients (R2) between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and its driving factors in Asian grasslands at the best time lag by the one-dimensional linear regression method. Blank areas on the map indicate non-grassland regions. A, Determination coefficient between NDVI and 0-month lag of air temperature. B, Determination coefficient between NDVI and 0-month lag of precipitation. C, Determination coefficient between NDVI and 1-month lag of solar radiation. D, Determination coefficient between NDVI and 1-month lag of soil moisture. E, Determination coefficient between NDVI and 5-months lag of drought index.

图5 亚洲干旱区草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)对各要素响应的滞后月份的空间分布图。A, NDVI-气温。B, NDVI-降水。C, NDVI-太阳辐射。D, NDVI-土壤水分。E, NDVI-干旱指数。

Fig. 5 Spatial distributions of time lag between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and its driving factors in Asian grasslands. A, NDVI-air temperature. B, NDVI-precipitation. C, NDVI-solar radiation. D, NDVI-soil moisture. E, NDVI-drought index.

图6 亚洲旱区草地归一化植被指数(NDVI)与各影响要素滞后时间的区域面积占比随海拔高度变化的分布图。

Fig. 6 Distributions of regional area shares of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and lag time of each influencing element with altitude in Asian dryland grasslands.

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亚洲旱区草地NDVI对气候变化的响应及滞后效应

Effects of climatic factors and their time-lag on grassland NDVI in Asian drylands

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