中国北方蒙古莸群落的分布、特征和分类
收稿日期: 2022-06-08
录用日期: 2023-02-22
网络出版日期: 2023-02-23
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(31600484);国家自然科学基金(31770649)
Distribution, characteristics and classification of Caryopteris mongholica communities in northern China
Received date: 2022-06-08
Accepted date: 2023-02-22
Online published: 2023-02-23
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31600484);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770649)
蒙古莸(Caryopteris mongholica)是分布在典型草原、荒漠化草原、荒漠的重点保护野生植物, 但对于其群落特征和分类的研究较匮乏, 研究蒙古莸在中国北方的分布、群落特征及其分类, 可为其保护管理提供参考依据。该研究于2018-2021年, 在中国北方共选择40处具有代表性的蒙古莸样地, 利用样地调查法对其群落特征进行研究。主要结果有: (1)蒙古莸在中国集中分布于内蒙古高原东、中部及西部, 黄土高原北部, 河西走廊, 祁连山等西北温带荒漠区及草原区, 常为群落中的优势种或伴生种。(2) 40个样地中共记录种子植物149种, 隶属于37科107属。其中以蒙古莸为优势种的群落共31个, 记录种子植物140种, 群落中以菊科、豆科和禾本科植物为主; 其中灌木、小半灌木39种, 多年生草本76种, 一/二年生草本24种; 物种存在度等级划分中, I级(0-20%)植物占总物种数的87.94%, 多为群落中的偶见种; 水分生态类型中, 广幅旱生植物占优势(63.12%); 区系地理成分以亚洲中部植物为主(26.24%)。(3)根据生活型和优势度, 将31个蒙古莸群落划分为3个群丛组, 分别为蒙古莸-草本群丛组、蒙古莸+灌木-草本群丛组和蒙古莸+灌木群丛组, 进一步细分为19个群丛。(4)经度及年降水量显著影响蒙古莸群落的分布及物种多样性。
于笑, 纪若璇, 任天梦, 夏新莉, 尹伟伦, 刘超 . 中国北方蒙古莸群落的分布、特征和分类[J]. 植物生态学报, 2023 , 47(8) : 1182 -1192 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0239
Caryopteris mongholica is a key protected wildflower plant distributed in typical steppe, desertified steppe and desert areas. But there is a lack of research on its community characteristics and classification. This paper aims to study the distribution, characteristics and classification of C. mongholica in northern China and provide a reference for further protection and management. From 2018 to 2021, a total of 40 representative C. mongholica sites were selected in northern China, and their community characteristics were studied using the sample plot survey method. Results showed: (1) Caryopteris mongholica is concentrated in the eastern, central and western of Nei Mongol Plateau, the northern Loess Plateau, Hexi Corridor, Qilian Mountains and other northwest temperate desert or steppe areas in China, and is often the dominant or associated species in the communities. (2) According to the survey of 40 sample sites, a total of 149 species of seed plants were recorded, belonging to 107 genera of 37 families, among which 31 communities with C. mongholica as construction or dominant species and 140 species of seed plants were recorded, mainly Compositae, Leguminosae and Gramineae. Among them, 39 species were shrubs, dwarf- and semi-shrubs, 76 species were perennial herbs and 24 species were annuals and biennials. In the classification of species presence, 87.94% were occasional species with frequency distribution less than 20%. Wide-range xerophytes occupied the advantage (63.12%) in the water ecological types. Middle Asia elements (26.24%) were the major floristic geographic elements. (3) Based on the life form and dominance of species, the 31 C. mongholica communities were divided into 3 association groups, C. mongholica - herb association group, C. mongholica + shrub - herb association group and C. mongholica + shrub association group, which were further subdivided into 19 associations. (4) Longitude and annual precipitation significantly influence the distribution of C. mongholica communities and species diversity.
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