Characteristics and classification of Caragana tibetica community

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2024.0381

Abstract

Abstract:

The Caragana tibetica community is a vegetation type distributed only in Central Asia region, in a transitional zone between desert steppe and desert. This community holds significant ecological value within its distribution area. This study reported the data of 55 C. tibetica plots surveyed in Nei Mongol, Qinghai and Xizang. (1) A total of 142 plant species were recorded in the C. tibetica community, belonging to 82 genera from 35 families. The community composition was dominated by Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae, with 35 species of shrubs and subshrubs, 72 species of perennial herbs, and 35 species of annual or biennial herbs. (2) The floristic geographic elements were predominantly composed of species with a Gobi-Mongolian distribution (17.61%). Based on the degree of species presence, 126 species (88.73% of the total species) were classified as level I (0-20%), which were occasional species in the community. The life form was mainly composed of hemicryptophytes. In water ecological types, xerophytes (50.00%) and extreme xerophytes (14.79%) were dominated. (3) According to the life form and dominance of species, C. tibetica communities can be classified into 8 Association Groups: C. tibetica - Grass Association Group, C. tibetica - Allium Association Group, C. tibetica - Forb Association Group, C. tibetica + Shrubs - Grass Association Group, C. tibetica + Shrubs - Forb Association Group, C. tibetica - Subshrubs - Grass Association Group, C. tibetica - Subshrubs - Allium Association Group, and C. tibetica - Subshrubs - Forb Association Group. These Association Groups can be further divided into 34 Associations.

Key words: Caragana tibetica, community classification, species composition, TWINSPAN

ZHANG Kun, YI Li-Qing, LIU Zhan-Jun, ZHANG Zhi-Jie, WANG Xu, LI Ming-Le, MIAO Bai-Ling, ZHANG Jing-Hui, LI Zhi-Yong, DONG Lei, LIANG Cun-Zhu. Characteristics and classification of Caragana tibetica community[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2025, 49(6): 888-896.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2024.0381

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I6/888

Figures/Tables 3

References 21

[1]	Chen LZ, Sun H, Guo K (2014). Floristic and Vegetation Geography of China. Science Press, Beijing.
	[陈灵芝, 孙航, 郭柯 (2014). 中国植物区系与植被地理. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[2]	Guo K, Fang JY, Wang GH, Tang ZY, Xie ZQ, Shen ZH, Wang RQ, Qiang S, Liang CZ, Da LJ, Yu D (2020). A revised scheme of vegetation classification system of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 44, 111-127. DOI
	[郭柯, 方精云, 王国宏, 唐志尧, 谢宗强, 沈泽昊, 王仁卿, 强胜, 梁存柱, 达良俊, 于丹 (2020). 中国植被分类系统修订方案. 植物生态学报, 44, 111-127.] DOI
[3]	Inner Mongolia and Ningxia Scientific Expedition Group, Chinese Academic of Sciences (1985). Vegetation of Inner Mongolia. Science Press, Beijing.
	[中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队(1985). 内蒙古植被. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[4]	Li B (1990). Research on Natural Resources and Environment of Ordos Plateau in Inner Mongolia. Science Press, Beijing.
	[李博 (1990). 内蒙古鄂尔多斯高原自然资源与环境研究. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[5]	Li B (2000). Ecology. Higher Education Press, Beijing.
	[李博 (2000). 生态学. 高等教育出版社, 北京.]
[6]	Li J (1991). The distribution of Artemisia halodendron and its status in the natural vegetation succession. Journal of Desert Research, 11(2), 58-63.
	[李进 (1991). 差不嘎蒿的分布及其在天然植被演替中的地位. 中国沙漠, 11(2), 58-63.]
[7]	Li ZJ, Sha N, Shi YB, Tong XZ, Dong L, Zhang XQ, Sun Q, Liang CZ (2019). Classification and characteristics of Helianthemum songaricum communities in Western Ordos region, Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 43, 806-816.
	[李紫晶, 莎娜, 史亚博, 佟旭泽, 董雷, 张小青, 孙蔷, 梁存柱 (2019). 内蒙古西鄂尔多斯地区半日花荒漠群落特征及其分类. 植物生态学报, 43, 806-816.] DOI
[8]	Qiao XG, Guo K, Zhao LQ, Liu CC, Zhao HW, Hou DJ, Gao CG (2017). Distribution, community characteristics and classification of Stipa tianschanica var. klemenzii steppe in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 41, 231-237.
	[乔鲜果, 郭柯, 赵利清, 刘长成, 赵海卫, 侯东杰, 高趁光 (2017). 中国石生针茅草原的分布、群落特征和分类. 植物生态学报, 41, 231-237.] DOI
[9]	Raunkiaer C (1934). The Life Forms of Plants and Statistical Plant Geography. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
[10]	Song YC (2001). Vegetation Ecology. East China Normal University Press, Shanghai.
	[宋永昌 (2001). 植被生态学. 华东师范大学出版社, 上海.]
[11]	The Editorial Committee of Flora of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences(1959-2004). Flora of China. Science Press, Beijing.
	[中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会(1959-2004). 中国植物志. 科学出版社, 北京.]
[12]	Wang GH, Fang JY, Guo K, Xie ZQ, Tang ZY, Shen ZH, Wang RQ, Wang XP, Wang DL, Qiang S, Yu D, Peng SL, Da LJ, Liu Q, Liang CZ (2020). Contents and protocols for the classification and description of Vegetation Formations, Alliances and Associations of vegetation of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 44, 128-178. DOI
	[王国宏, 方精云, 郭柯, 谢宗强, 唐志尧, 沈泽昊, 王仁卿, 王襄平, 王德利, 强胜, 于丹, 彭少麟, 达良俊, 刘庆, 梁存柱 (2020). 《中国植被志》研编内容与规范. 植物生态学报, 44, 128-178.] DOI
[13]	Wang L, Zhao LQ, Chen Y, Pei ZL (2015). Plant community diversity of steppification desert in west Ordos. Arid Zone Research, 32, 258-265.
	[王乐, 赵利清, 陈育, 裴志丽 (2015). 西鄂尔多斯草原化荒漠植物群落多样性. 干旱区研究, 32, 258-265.]
[14]	Wang SJ, Liu GH (2006). Shrub Resources in Inner Mongolia. Inner Mongolia University Press, Hohhot.
	[王生军, 刘果厚 (2006). 内蒙古灌木资源. 内蒙古大学出版社, 呼和浩特.]
[15]	Zhang JT (1994). A comparison of fuzzy C-means algorithm clustering and TWINSPAN vegetation classification. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 12(1), 11-17.
	[张金屯 (1994). 模糊C-均值聚类和TWINSPAN分类的比较研究. 武汉植物学研究, 12(1), 11-17.]
[16]	Zhang PJ, Yang J, Zhao LQ, Bao S, Song BY (2011). Effect of Caragana tibetica nebkhas on sand entrapment and fertile islands in steppe-desert ecotones on the Inner Mongolia Plateau, China. Plant and Soil, 347, 79-90.
[17]	Zhang WJ, Zhang QD, Wang J, Feng F, Bi RC (2015). A comparison of multivariate regression tree and two-way indicator species analysis in plant community classification. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 39, 586-592.
	[张文静, 张钦弟, 王晶, 冯飞, 毕润成 (2015). 多元回归树与双向指示种分析在群落分类中的应用比较. 植物生态学报, 39, 586-592.] DOI
[18]	Zhao YZ (1991). Classification and eco-geographical distribution of Caragana in Nei Mongol. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Intramongolicae, 22, 264-273.
	[赵一之 (1991). 内蒙古锦鸡儿属的分类及其生态地理分布. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版), 22, 264-273.]
[19]	Zhao YZ (2012). Classification and Its Floristic Ecological Geographic Distribution of Vascular Plants in Iner Mongolia. Inner Mongolia University Press, Hohhot.
	[赵一之 (2012). 内蒙古维管植物分类及其区系生态地理分布. 内蒙古大学出版社, 呼和浩特.]
[20]	Zhao YZ, Zhao LQ, Cao R (2020). Flora Intramongolica. Inner Mongolia People’s Press, Hohhot.
	[赵一之, 赵利清, 曹瑞 (2020). 内蒙古植物志. 内蒙古人民出版社, 呼和浩特.]
[21]	Zhao YZ, Zhu ZY, Zhao LQ (2005). Caragana ordosica, a new species of Caragana (Leguminosae). Bulletin of Botanical Research, 25, 385-388.
	[赵一之, 朱宗元, 赵利清 (2005). 卷叶锦鸡儿——锦鸡儿属(豆科)-新种. 植物研究, 25, 385-388.] DOI

群丛组 Association Group	群丛 Association	样地编号 Plot number
毛刺锦鸡儿-禾草群丛组 Caragana tibetica - Grass Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-石生针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa tianschanica var. klemenzii Association	S14, S16, S17
	毛刺锦鸡儿-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S20
	毛刺锦鸡儿-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa breviflora Association	S27, S29, S32, S38, S43, S44
	毛刺锦鸡儿-芨芨草群丛 C. tibetica - Achnatherum splendens Association	S28
	毛刺锦鸡儿-白草群丛 C. tibetica - Pennisetum flaccidum Association	S34, S47, S48, S49
	毛刺锦鸡儿-长芒草群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa bungeana Association	S51, S54
毛刺锦鸡儿-葱类群丛组 C. tibetica - Allium Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-碱韭群丛 C. tibetica - Allium polyrhizum Association	S12, S13, S18
毛刺锦鸡儿-葱类群丛组 C. tibetica - Allium Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-蒙古韭群丛 C. tibetica - Allium mongolicum Association	S15, S19, S31, S35
毛刺锦鸡儿-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-冷蒿群丛 C. tibetica - Artemisia frigida Association	S42
毛刺锦鸡儿-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-银灰旋花群丛 C. tibetica - Convolvulus ammannii Association	S55
毛刺锦鸡儿+灌木-禾草群丛组 C. tibetica + Shrub - Grass Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿+霸王-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Zygophyllum xanthoxylum - Stipa caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S1, S2
	毛刺锦鸡儿+白刺-无芒隐子草群丛 C. tibetica + Nitraria tangutorum - Cleistogenes songorica Association	S4, S5
	毛刺锦鸡儿+霸王-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Zygophyllum xanthoxylum - S. breviflora Association	S6, S7
	毛刺锦鸡儿+斑子麻黄-西北针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Ephedra rhytidosperma - Stipa sareptana var. krylovii Association	S8
	毛刺锦鸡儿+红砂-西北针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Reaumuria songarica - Stipa sareptana var. krylovii Association	S9
	毛刺锦鸡儿+红砂-石生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Reaumuria songarica - S. tianschanica var. klemenzii Association	S22
	毛刺锦鸡儿+半日花-戈壁针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Helianthemum songaricum - S. tianschanica var. gobica Association	S23
	毛刺锦鸡儿+狭叶锦鸡儿-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica + C. stenophylla - S. breviflora Association	S24, S26, S33
	毛刺锦鸡儿+拧条锦鸡儿-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + C. korshinskii - S. caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S45
	毛刺锦鸡儿+矮锦鸡儿-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + C. pygmaea - S. caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S46
毛刺锦鸡儿+灌木-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica + Shrub - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿+狭叶锦鸡儿-大苞鸢尾群丛 C. tibetica + C. stenophylla - Iris bungei Association	S11
	毛刺锦鸡儿+荒漠锦鸡儿-银灰旋花群丛 C. tibetica + C. roborovskyi - Convolvulus ammannii Association	S40
毛刺锦鸡儿-半灌木-禾草群丛组 C. tibetica - Subshrub - Grass Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-刺旋花-冰草群丛 C. tibetica - Convolvulus tragacanthoides - Agropyron cristatum Association	S25
	毛刺锦鸡儿-刺旋花-石生针茅群丛 C. tibetica - C. tragacanthoides - S. tianschanica var. klemenzii Association	S30
	毛刺锦鸡儿-蓍状亚菊-白草群丛 C. tibetica - Ajania achilleoides - Pennisetum flaccidum Association	S36
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-无芒隐子草群丛 C. tibetica - Krascheninnikovia ceratoides - Cleistogenes songorica Association	S39
	毛刺锦鸡儿-猫头刺-白草群丛 C. tibetica - Oxytropis aciphylla - Pennisetum flaccidum Association	S41
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-昆仑针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Krascheninnikovia ceratoides - S. roborowskyi Association	S50
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-糙隐子草群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - Cleistogenes songorica Association	S52
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - S. breviflora Association	S53
毛刺锦鸡儿-半灌木-葱类群丛组 C. tibetica - Subshrub - Allium Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-碱韭群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - Allium polyrhizum Association	S10
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-蒙古韭群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - A. mongolicum Association	S21
毛刺锦鸡儿-半灌木-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica - Subshrub - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-刺旋花-骆驼蓬群丛 C. tibetica - Convolvulus tragacanthoides - Peganum harmala Association	S3
	毛刺锦鸡儿-猫头刺-兴安胡枝子群丛 C. tibetica - Oxytropis aciphylla - Lespedeza daurica Association	S37

群丛组 Association Group	群丛 Association	样地编号 Plot number
毛刺锦鸡儿-禾草群丛组 Caragana tibetica - Grass Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-石生针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa tianschanica var. klemenzii Association	S14, S16, S17
	毛刺锦鸡儿-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S20
	毛刺锦鸡儿-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa breviflora Association	S27, S29, S32, S38, S43, S44
	毛刺锦鸡儿-芨芨草群丛 C. tibetica - Achnatherum splendens Association	S28
	毛刺锦鸡儿-白草群丛 C. tibetica - Pennisetum flaccidum Association	S34, S47, S48, S49
	毛刺锦鸡儿-长芒草群丛 C. tibetica - Stipa bungeana Association	S51, S54
毛刺锦鸡儿-葱类群丛组 C. tibetica - Allium Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-碱韭群丛 C. tibetica - Allium polyrhizum Association	S12, S13, S18
毛刺锦鸡儿-葱类群丛组 C. tibetica - Allium Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-蒙古韭群丛 C. tibetica - Allium mongolicum Association	S15, S19, S31, S35
毛刺锦鸡儿-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-冷蒿群丛 C. tibetica - Artemisia frigida Association	S42
毛刺锦鸡儿-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-银灰旋花群丛 C. tibetica - Convolvulus ammannii Association	S55
毛刺锦鸡儿+灌木-禾草群丛组 C. tibetica + Shrub - Grass Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿+霸王-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Zygophyllum xanthoxylum - Stipa caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S1, S2
	毛刺锦鸡儿+白刺-无芒隐子草群丛 C. tibetica + Nitraria tangutorum - Cleistogenes songorica Association	S4, S5
	毛刺锦鸡儿+霸王-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Zygophyllum xanthoxylum - S. breviflora Association	S6, S7
	毛刺锦鸡儿+斑子麻黄-西北针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Ephedra rhytidosperma - Stipa sareptana var. krylovii Association	S8
	毛刺锦鸡儿+红砂-西北针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Reaumuria songarica - Stipa sareptana var. krylovii Association	S9
	毛刺锦鸡儿+红砂-石生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Reaumuria songarica - S. tianschanica var. klemenzii Association	S22
	毛刺锦鸡儿+半日花-戈壁针茅群丛 C. tibetica + Helianthemum songaricum - S. tianschanica var. gobica Association	S23
	毛刺锦鸡儿+狭叶锦鸡儿-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica + C. stenophylla - S. breviflora Association	S24, S26, S33
	毛刺锦鸡儿+拧条锦鸡儿-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + C. korshinskii - S. caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S45
	毛刺锦鸡儿+矮锦鸡儿-沙生针茅群丛 C. tibetica + C. pygmaea - S. caucasica subsp. glareosa Association	S46
毛刺锦鸡儿+灌木-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica + Shrub - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿+狭叶锦鸡儿-大苞鸢尾群丛 C. tibetica + C. stenophylla - Iris bungei Association	S11
	毛刺锦鸡儿+荒漠锦鸡儿-银灰旋花群丛 C. tibetica + C. roborovskyi - Convolvulus ammannii Association	S40
毛刺锦鸡儿-半灌木-禾草群丛组 C. tibetica - Subshrub - Grass Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-刺旋花-冰草群丛 C. tibetica - Convolvulus tragacanthoides - Agropyron cristatum Association	S25
	毛刺锦鸡儿-刺旋花-石生针茅群丛 C. tibetica - C. tragacanthoides - S. tianschanica var. klemenzii Association	S30
	毛刺锦鸡儿-蓍状亚菊-白草群丛 C. tibetica - Ajania achilleoides - Pennisetum flaccidum Association	S36
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-无芒隐子草群丛 C. tibetica - Krascheninnikovia ceratoides - Cleistogenes songorica Association	S39
	毛刺锦鸡儿-猫头刺-白草群丛 C. tibetica - Oxytropis aciphylla - Pennisetum flaccidum Association	S41
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-昆仑针茅群丛 C. tibetica - Krascheninnikovia ceratoides - S. roborowskyi Association	S50
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-糙隐子草群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - Cleistogenes songorica Association	S52
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-短花针茅群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - S. breviflora Association	S53
毛刺锦鸡儿-半灌木-葱类群丛组 C. tibetica - Subshrub - Allium Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-碱韭群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - Allium polyrhizum Association	S10
	毛刺锦鸡儿-驼绒藜-蒙古韭群丛 C. tibetica - K. ceratoides - A. mongolicum Association	S21
毛刺锦鸡儿-半灌木-杂类草群丛组 C. tibetica - Subshrub - Forb Association Group	毛刺锦鸡儿-刺旋花-骆驼蓬群丛 C. tibetica - Convolvulus tragacanthoides - Peganum harmala Association	S3
	毛刺锦鸡儿-猫头刺-兴安胡枝子群丛 C. tibetica - Oxytropis aciphylla - Lespedeza daurica Association	S37