Effects of topography on leaf functional traits across plant life forms in Xingdou Mountain, Hubei, China

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2018.0228

Abstract

Abstract: Aims Exploring the effects of topography on leaf functional traits across plant life forms is helpful to understand species diversity maintenance in forests. The objective of this study is to test how leaf traits among trees, shrubs and woody lianas respond to topographic variability distinctly. Methods Five leaf functional traits (leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf dry mass, leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area) were measured for 224 woody plant species with contrasting life forms (trees, shrubs and woody lianas) across 50 plots of evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forests in Xingdou Mountain, Hubei Province, China. The variation in leaf functional traits of trees, shrubs and woody lianas were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. We tested the significance of the effect of topographic variability on leaf functional traits of woody plants by Partial Mantel test at community level and species level, respectively. Important findings The coefficient of variation of leaf functional traits in different life forms ranged from 23.42% to 110.45%, and there were significant differences in leaf functional traits among different life forms. At the community level, there was a significant positive correlation between altitude and tree leaf dry mass, shrub leaf area and woody liana leaf thickness. Slope only had significant influences on shrub and woody liana leaf area, and slope aspect had significant effects on shrubs leaf thickness. There was a significant positive correlation between leaf dry mass and specific leaf area. At the species level, the effects of slope and slope aspect on plant leaf functional traits were more significant than those of altitude, and the sensitivity in the responses of functional traits to topographic variation was not consistent across different species. After controlling for the effects of spatial structure, the effects of topographic factors on functional traits of plant leaves were reduced. The results showed that the responses of leaf functional traits to topographic variation were different in different life forms, which might be one of the major mechanisms maintaining plant diversity in the evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forests of Xingdou Mountain.

Key words: evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest, variation of traits, spatial structure, Partial Mantel test

WANG Jin, ZHU Jiang, AI Xun-Ru, YAO Lan, HUANG Xiao, WU Man-Ling, ZHU Qiang, HONG Jian- Feng. Effects of topography on leaf functional traits across plant life forms in Xingdou Mountain, Hubei, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2019, 43(5): 447-457.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2018.0228

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2019/V43/I5/447

Figures/Tables 6

References 52

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生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
乔木 Tree	LA (cm²)	0.26^*	0.27^*	0.07	0.15^*	0.10	0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	0.00	-0.01	-0.02	0.01
	LDM (g)	0.15	0.20^*	0.02	0.12	0.15^*	-0.02	0.09
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.13^*	0.08	-0.00	0.05	-0.09	-0.04	0.02
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.07	0.01	0.09	0.04	-0.01	0.08
灌木 Shrub	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.23^**	0.05	0.13^*	0.15^*	-0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	0.39^**	0.36^**	0.02	0.19^**	0.03	-0.09	0.11^*
	LDM (g)	0.32^**	0.31^**	0.19^*	0.34^**	0.07	0.12	0.29^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.15	0.11	0.12	0.02	-0.04	0.08	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.30^**	0.31^**	0.23^**	0.19^**	0.10	0.16^*	0.13^*
木质藤本Woody liana	LA (cm²)	-0.02	-0.03	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.07	0.02
	LT (mm)	0.23	0.39^*	0.21	0.11	0.40^**	0.14	0.05
	LDM (g)	-0.15	-0.16^*	-0.04	-0.05	-0.05	0.01	-0.02
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.07	-0.08	0.04	-0.09	-0.05	0.06	-0.07
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.16	0.20	-0.06	0.02	0.12	-0.12^*	-0.02

生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
生活型 Life form	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
乔木 Tree	LA (cm²)	0.26^*	0.27^*	0.07	0.15^*	0.10	0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.02	-0.02	-0.02	0.00	-0.01	-0.02	0.01
	LDM (g)	0.15	0.20^*	0.02	0.12	0.15^*	-0.02	0.09
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.13^*	0.08	-0.00	0.05	-0.09	-0.04	0.02
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.07	0.01	0.09	0.04	-0.01	0.08
灌木 Shrub	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.23^**	0.05	0.13^*	0.15^*	-0.00	0.09
	LT (mm)	0.39^**	0.36^**	0.02	0.19^**	0.03	-0.09	0.11^*
	LDM (g)	0.32^**	0.31^**	0.19^*	0.34^**	0.07	0.12	0.29^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.15	0.11	0.12	0.02	-0.04	0.08	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.30^**	0.31^**	0.23^**	0.19^**	0.10	0.16^*	0.13^*
木质藤本Woody liana	LA (cm²)	-0.02	-0.03	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.07	0.02
	LT (mm)	0.23	0.39^*	0.21	0.11	0.40^**	0.14	0.05
	LDM (g)	-0.15	-0.16^*	-0.04	-0.05	-0.05	0.01	-0.02
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.07	-0.08	0.04	-0.09	-0.05	0.06	-0.07
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.16	0.20	-0.06	0.02	0.12	-0.12^*	-0.02

物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
川陕鹅耳枥 Carpinus fargesiana	LA (cm²)	0.27^*	0.34^*	0.16	0.20	0.24^*	0.07	0.12
	LT (mm)	0.40^**	0.43^**	0.09	0.29^**	0.15	-0.07	0.20^*
	LDM (g)	0.37^**	0.38^**	0.19^*	0.16^*	0.12	0.06	0.07
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.21^*	0.12	-0.05	0.17^*	-0.16	-0.14^*	0.11
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.35^*	0.38^*	0.21^*	0.15	0.16	0.09	0.06
齿缘吊钟花 Enkianthus serrulatus	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.17^*	-0.01	-0.03	0.03	-0.02	-0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.10	-0.10	0.04	-0.06	-0.03	0.04	-0.03
	LDM (g)	0.29^*	0.30^*	0.03	0.05	0.11	0.02	-0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.17	0.06	0.02	0.04	-0.17^*	0.02	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.08	-0.01	-0.06	0.07	-0.01	-0.08
翅柃 Eurya alata	LA (cm²)	0.38^**	0.40^**	0.12	0.04	0.17^*	0.02	-0.06
	LT (mm)	0.02	0.05	-0.02	0.07	0.08	-0.03	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.15^*	0.18^*	0.01	0.07	0.12	-0.03	0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.22^**	0.20^*	-0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.08	-0.04
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.11	0.07	0.02	0.20^**	-0.07	-0.01	0.18^**
红果树 Stranvaesia davidiana	LA (cm²)	0.15	0.24^*	0.16^*	0.03	0.21^*	0.13	-0.02
	LT (mm)	-0.03	-0.08	-0.05	0.05	-0.10	-0.04	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.30^*	0.37^*	0.00	0.39^**	0.23^*	-0.08	0.32^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.09	0.16	0.03	0.11	0.15	0.01	0.09
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.29^*	0.36^*	0.02	0.32^**	0.23^*	-0.05	0.25^**
大金刚藤 Dalbergia dyeriana	LA (cm²)	0.21	0.38^**	-0.14	0.62^**	0.33^*	-0.14^*	0.60^*
	LT (mm)	0.37^*	0.07	-0.14	0.05	-0.13	-0.15	-0.12
	LDM (g)	-0.05	0.00	-0.08	-0.13	0.03	-0.08	-0.12
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.27	-0.15	-0.05	-0.09	-0.32^**	-0.05	-0.23^*
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.01	0.27^*	0.01	0.12	0.29^*	0.01	0.12
中华猕猴桃 Actinidia chinensis	LA (cm²)	0.43^**	0.50^**	0.06	-0.01	0.29^*	-0.25^**	-0.10
	LT (mm)	-0.08	-0.08	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.03	0.02
	LDM (g)	0.21	0.11	0.07	-0.01	-0.17	-0.06	-0.05
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.20^*	-0.17^*	-0.17^**	-0.16	0.03	-0.07	-0.13
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.12	0.28^*	-0.12	0.11	0.40^**	-0.23^**	0.09

物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	未控制空间结构影响 Uncontrolled spatial structure effect			控制空间结构影响 Controlling the influence of spatial structure
物种 Species	性状 Trait	空间结构 Spatial structure	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect	海拔 Altitude	坡度 Slope	坡向 Slope aspect
川陕鹅耳枥 Carpinus fargesiana	LA (cm²)	0.27^*	0.34^*	0.16	0.20	0.24^*	0.07	0.12
	LT (mm)	0.40^**	0.43^**	0.09	0.29^**	0.15	-0.07	0.20^*
	LDM (g)	0.37^**	0.38^**	0.19^*	0.16^*	0.12	0.06	0.07
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.21^*	0.12	-0.05	0.17^*	-0.16	-0.14^*	0.11
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.35^*	0.38^*	0.21^*	0.15	0.16	0.09	0.06
齿缘吊钟花 Enkianthus serrulatus	LA (cm²)	0.18^*	0.17^*	-0.01	-0.03	0.03	-0.02	-0.09
	LT (mm)	-0.10	-0.10	0.04	-0.06	-0.03	0.04	-0.03
	LDM (g)	0.29^*	0.30^*	0.03	0.05	0.11	0.02	-0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.17	0.06	0.02	0.04	-0.17^*	0.02	-0.01
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.06	0.08	-0.01	-0.06	0.07	-0.01	-0.08
翅柃 Eurya alata	LA (cm²)	0.38^**	0.40^**	0.12	0.04	0.17^*	0.02	-0.06
	LT (mm)	0.02	0.05	-0.02	0.07	0.08	-0.03	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.15^*	0.18^*	0.01	0.07	0.12	-0.03	0.04
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.22^**	0.20^*	-0.02	0.02	0.01	-0.08	-0.04
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.11	0.07	0.02	0.20^**	-0.07	-0.01	0.18^**
红果树 Stranvaesia davidiana	LA (cm²)	0.15	0.24^*	0.16^*	0.03	0.21^*	0.13	-0.02
	LT (mm)	-0.03	-0.08	-0.05	0.05	-0.10	-0.04	0.07
	LDM (g)	0.30^*	0.37^*	0.00	0.39^**	0.23^*	-0.08	0.32^**
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.09	0.16	0.03	0.11	0.15	0.01	0.09
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.29^*	0.36^*	0.02	0.32^**	0.23^*	-0.05	0.25^**
大金刚藤 Dalbergia dyeriana	LA (cm²)	0.21	0.38^**	-0.14	0.62^**	0.33^*	-0.14^*	0.60^*
	LT (mm)	0.37^*	0.07	-0.14	0.05	-0.13	-0.15	-0.12
	LDM (g)	-0.05	0.00	-0.08	-0.13	0.03	-0.08	-0.12
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	0.27	-0.15	-0.05	-0.09	-0.32^**	-0.05	-0.23^*
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.01	0.27^*	0.01	0.12	0.29^*	0.01	0.12
中华猕猴桃 Actinidia chinensis	LA (cm²)	0.43^**	0.50^**	0.06	-0.01	0.29^*	-0.25^**	-0.10
	LT (mm)	-0.08	-0.08	-0.07	0.01	-0.02	-0.03	0.02
	LDM (g)	0.21	0.11	0.07	-0.01	-0.17	-0.06	-0.05
	LDMC (g·g^-1)	-0.20^*	-0.17^*	-0.17^**	-0.16	0.03	-0.07	-0.13
	SLA (cm²·g^-1)	0.12	0.28^*	-0.12	0.11	0.40^**	-0.23^**	0.09

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