Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2016, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 604-614.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2015.0426
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Sheng-Wang PAN1,*(), Xin YUAN2, Can LIU1, Yan-Lan LI1,3, Ting YANG1,4, Hai-Yuan TANG1,3
Received:
2015-11-24
Accepted:
2016-04-23
Online:
2016-06-10
Published:
2016-06-15
Contact:
Sheng-Wang PAN
Sheng-Wang PAN, Xin YUAN, Can LIU, Yan-Lan LI, Ting YANG, Hai-Yuan TANG. Effects of benzo [α] pyrene on the organic compounds of low molecule weight excreted by root systems in five Festuca species with different remediation potentials[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2016, 40(6): 604-614.
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Fig. 1 Biomass and root: shoot ratio of plants in five Festuca species growing in soils contaminated with different concentrations of benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) (mean ± SE). CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 designate the treatments with initial concentrations of BaP at 0, 10.25, 20.37, 40.45, 80.24 and 161.74 mg·kg-1, respectively. Fa, F. arundinacea; Fc, F. chelungkiangnica; Fr, F. rubra subsp. arctica; Fm, F. sinomutica; Fs, F. stapfii. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) under the same stress conditions.
Fig. 2 Differences in phytoremediation potentials of benzo [α] pyrene (BaP)-contaminated soils among five Festuca species (mean ± SE). T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 designate the treatments with initial concentrations of BaP at 10.25, 20.37, 40.45, 80.24 and 161.74 mg·kg-1, respectively. Fa, F. arundinacea; Fc, F. chelungkiangnica; Fr, F. rubra subsp. arctica; Fm, F. sinomutica; Fs, F. stapfii. Different lowercase letters next to the right of data points indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) under the same stress conditions.
Fig. 3 The effects of benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) stress level (A) and stress stage under T3 treatment (B) on the total amount of soluble sugars in root exudates of five Festuca species (mean ± SE) . CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 designate the treatments with initial concentrations of BaP at 0, 10.25, 20.37, 40.45, 80.24 and 161.74 mg·kg-1, respectively. Fa, F. arundinacea; Fc, F. chelungkiangnica; Fr, F. rubra subsp. arctica; Fm, F. sinomutica; Fs, F. stapfii. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) under the same stress conditions.
Fig. 4 The effects of benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) stress level (A) and stress stage under T3 treatment (B) on the total amount of organic acids in root exudates of five Festuca species (mean ± SE) . CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 designate the treatments with initial concentrations of BaP at 0, 10.25, 20.37, 40.45, 80.24 and 161.74 mg·kg-1, respectively. Fa, F. arundinacea; Fc, F. chelungkiangnica; Fr, F. rubra subsp. arctica; Fm, F. sinomutica; Fs, F. stapfii. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) under the same stress conditions.
Fig. 5 The effects of benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) stress level (A) and stress stage under T3 treatment (B) on the total amount of amino acids in root exudates of five Festuca species (mean ± SE) . CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 designate the treatments with initial concentrations of BaP at 0, 10.25, 20.37, 40.45, 80.24 and 161.74 mg·kg-1, respectively. Fa, F. arundinacea; Fc, F. chelungkiangnica; Fr, F. rubra subsp. arctica; Fm, F. sinomutica; Fs, F. stapfii. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) under the same stress conditions.
氨基酸 Acids | 苇状羊茅 Fa | 草原羊茅 Fc | 毛稃羊茅 Fr | 贫芒羊茅 Fm | 细芒羊茅 Fs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏氨酸 Thr | 7.28, 21.29 (10.31-31.53)↑* | 6.74, 16.81 (8.42-26.35)↑* | 7.12, 17.36 (9.24-26.39)↑* | 6.52, 18.81 (8.78-29.03)↑* | 4.55, 12.18 (6.36-20.95)↑* |
丝氨酸 Ser | 29.36, 79.94 (40.95-116.42)↑* | 22.24, 60.12 (34.25-81.27)↑* | 22.07,65.74 (38.42-76.05)↑* | 19.08, 42.11 (27.24-64.31)↑* | 19.60, 44.27 (25.63-62.48)↑* |
甘氨酸 Gly | 3.72, 11.62 (5.43-18.11)↑* | 3.17, 8.84 (4.47-15.91)↑* | 2.62, 9.56 (3.93-16.07)↑* | 2.72, 9.51 (4.11-16.42)↑* | 2.12, 6.75 (3.35-12.67)↑* |
丙氨酸 Ala | 5.63, 17.09 (8.16-26.14)↑* | 4.57, 14.79 (6.94-24.07)↑* | 4.09, 14.91 (5.81-21.47)↑* | 3.95, 10.17 (5.74-22.41)↑* | 3.42, 10.98 (5.14-19.35)↑* |
脯氨酸 Pro | 10.73, 31.45 (16.73-47.24)↑* | 8.56, 25.33 (12.12-39.56)↑* | 6.64, 21.37 (8.42-33.07) ↑* | 7.82, 18.17 (8.57-28.44)↑ | 6.90, 12.78 (4.28-20.07)↑↓ |
羟脯氨酸 Hyp | 12.50, 35.42 (17.87-52.94)↑* | 11.06, 11.57 (11.34-11.72)↑ | 8.16, 27.08 (12.84-46.87)↑* | 9.21, 16.74 (9.91-31.17)↑ | 8.10, 15.97 (7.49-20.12)↑↓ |
天冬氨酸 Asp | 14.20, 39.36 (20.08-58.62)↑* | 9.86, 18.87 (12.07-31.48) ↑* | 8.77, 9.65 (9.02-10.13)↑ | 8.15, 24.32 (11.47-38.25)↑* | 9.27, 17.07 (8.24-26.17)↑↓ |
Table 1 Amount of seven amino acids released in root exudates of five Festuca species tested on day 50 under benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) stress (mg·kg-1)
氨基酸 Acids | 苇状羊茅 Fa | 草原羊茅 Fc | 毛稃羊茅 Fr | 贫芒羊茅 Fm | 细芒羊茅 Fs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
苏氨酸 Thr | 7.28, 21.29 (10.31-31.53)↑* | 6.74, 16.81 (8.42-26.35)↑* | 7.12, 17.36 (9.24-26.39)↑* | 6.52, 18.81 (8.78-29.03)↑* | 4.55, 12.18 (6.36-20.95)↑* |
丝氨酸 Ser | 29.36, 79.94 (40.95-116.42)↑* | 22.24, 60.12 (34.25-81.27)↑* | 22.07,65.74 (38.42-76.05)↑* | 19.08, 42.11 (27.24-64.31)↑* | 19.60, 44.27 (25.63-62.48)↑* |
甘氨酸 Gly | 3.72, 11.62 (5.43-18.11)↑* | 3.17, 8.84 (4.47-15.91)↑* | 2.62, 9.56 (3.93-16.07)↑* | 2.72, 9.51 (4.11-16.42)↑* | 2.12, 6.75 (3.35-12.67)↑* |
丙氨酸 Ala | 5.63, 17.09 (8.16-26.14)↑* | 4.57, 14.79 (6.94-24.07)↑* | 4.09, 14.91 (5.81-21.47)↑* | 3.95, 10.17 (5.74-22.41)↑* | 3.42, 10.98 (5.14-19.35)↑* |
脯氨酸 Pro | 10.73, 31.45 (16.73-47.24)↑* | 8.56, 25.33 (12.12-39.56)↑* | 6.64, 21.37 (8.42-33.07) ↑* | 7.82, 18.17 (8.57-28.44)↑ | 6.90, 12.78 (4.28-20.07)↑↓ |
羟脯氨酸 Hyp | 12.50, 35.42 (17.87-52.94)↑* | 11.06, 11.57 (11.34-11.72)↑ | 8.16, 27.08 (12.84-46.87)↑* | 9.21, 16.74 (9.91-31.17)↑ | 8.10, 15.97 (7.49-20.12)↑↓ |
天冬氨酸 Asp | 14.20, 39.36 (20.08-58.62)↑* | 9.86, 18.87 (12.07-31.48) ↑* | 8.77, 9.65 (9.02-10.13)↑ | 8.15, 24.32 (11.47-38.25)↑* | 9.27, 17.07 (8.24-26.17)↑↓ |
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