Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology >
Effects of phosphorus fertilizer on root morphology, physiological characteristics and yield in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Received date: 2013-02-26
Accepted date: 2013-06-17
Online published: 2013-08-07
Aim Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important nutritional elements required by plants. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effects of P fertilizer on root morphology, physiological characteristics and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea).
Methods Pool experiments were conducted to elucidate the influence of phosphorus application on peanut. The root system under different phosphorus levels (P-level) was analyzed using a WinRHIZO system to quantify root volume and morphology. The following parameters were determined for all treatments: root activity, catalase (CAT) activity, concentration of soluble protein and malondialdehyde (MDA). Yield was recorded during the harvest period and analyzed using SPSS 13.0.
Important findings During the pod-filling stage, the length, volume, surface area and tip numbers of root increased with increasing P-level. When P2O5 was applied at 30-90 kg·hm-2, the above parameters increased by 3.5%-20.7%, 9.3%-21.9%, 9.7%-20.3% and 12.6%-21.4%, respectively, compared to the control (no P treatment) group. P-levels could affect enzyme activities. In P treatment group, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and CAT was increased by 12.7%-20.6%, 14.8%-36.8% and 17.0%-41.8%, respectively. Some other parameters could be influenced by P availability, including increased root activity, soluble protein content nodule number and fresh nodule weight. In contrast, MDA content was decreased by 8.4%-19.5% after the P treatment. In the harvesting stage, all parameters decreased with increasing P-level, except the MDA content. But for most parameters, there were no statistically significant differences among treatments. The number of pods per plant, shelling percentage, economic coefficient and biological yield were enhanced with increasing P-level.
Key words： peanut; phosphorus fertilizer; physiological characteristics; root morphology; yield
ZHENG Ya-Ping,XIN Cai-Yun,WANG Cai-Bin,SUN Xiu-Shan,YANG Wei-Qiang,WAN Shu-Bo,ZHENG Yong-Mei,FENG Hao,CHEN Dian-Xu,SUN Xue-Wu,WU Zheng-Feng . Effects of phosphorus fertilizer on root morphology, physiological characteristics and yield in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2013 , 37(8) : 777 -785 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2013.00081
| [1] | Abel S, Ticconi CA, Delatorre CA (2002). Phosphate sensing in higher plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 115, 1-8. |
| [2] | Batten GD (1992). A review of phosphorus efficiency in wheat. Plant and Soil, 146, 163-168. |
| [3] | Beijing Agricultural University (1980). Plant Physiology. Agricultural Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
| [3] | [ 北京农业大学 (1980). 植物生理学. 农业出版社, 北京.] |
| [4] | Cao AQ, Yan SL (2001). Adaptation of soybean root architecture under different P conditions. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 22(1), 92. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [4] | [ 曹爱琴, 严小龙 (2001). 不同供磷条件下大豆根构型的适应性变化. 华南农业大学学报, 22(1), 92.] |
| [5] | Cao LX, Chen GL, Dun HX, Zhang K (2009). Effect of phosphorus deficiency on root growth and root exudates of Cucurbita ficifolia B. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 24(5), 164-169. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [5] | [ 曹丽霞, 陈贵林, 敦惠霞, 张轲 (2009). 缺磷胁迫对黑籽南瓜幼苗根系生长和根系分泌物的影响. 华北农学报, 24(5), 164-169.] |
| [6] | Chance B, Maehly A (1995). Assay of catalase and peroxidase. In: Colowick SP, Kaplan NO eds. Methods in Enzy- mology. Academic Press, New York. |
| [7] | Daimon H, Yoshioka M (2001). Responses of root nodule formation and nitrogen fixation activity to nitrate in a split-root system in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 187, 89-95. |
| [8] | Daram P, Brunner S, Persson BL, Amrhein N, Bucher M (1998). Functional analysis and cell-specific expression of a phosphate transporter from tomato. Planta, 206, 225-233. |
| [9] | Dong XX, Wei JL, Yang G, Li Y, Tian Y, Guan LS, Cui RZ (2008). Studies on limiting nutrient elements of spring peanut and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different parts when lack of nutrients. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 24, 277-281. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [9] | [ 董晓霞, 魏建林, 杨果, 李彦, 田叶, 管力生, 崔荣宗 (2008). 春花生养分限制因子与缺肥时花生体内氮磷钾的分配研究. 中国农学通报, 24, 277-281.] |
| [10] | Gahoonia TS, Care D, Nielsen NE (1997). Root hairs and phosphorus acquisition of wheat and barley cultivars. Plant and Soil, 191, 181-188. |
| [11] | He JJ, Lin ZM, Hua YG, Luo W, Lin QH (2009). Effect on roots growth of rubber at different phosphorous fertilizer levels. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,(1), 16-19, 30. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [11] | [ 贺军军, 林钊沐, 华元刚, 罗微, 林清火 (2009). 不同施磷水平对橡胶树根系活力的影响. 中国土壤与肥料,(1), 16-19, 30.] |
| [12] | Hippler FWR, Moreira M, Dias NMS, Hermann ER (2011). Native mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate doses in the development of peanut RUNNER IAC 886. Revista Ciência Agronmica, 42, 605-610. |
| [13] | Li FK, Zhai GY, Shen YX, Liu XB, Jiang HX (2005). Effect of superphosphate application and rhizobia inoculation on growth and forage quality of Medicago sativa in the Yellow River Delta. Acta Pratacultural Science, 14(3), 87-93. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [13] | [ 李富宽, 翟桂玉, 沈益新, 刘信宝, 姜慧新 (2005). 施磷和接种根瘤菌对黄河三角洲紫花苜蓿生长及品质的影响. 草业学报, 14(3), 87-93.] |
| [14] | Li H, Huang G, Meng Q, Ma L, Yuan L, Wang F, Zhang W, Cui Z, Chen X, Shen X, Jiang R, Zheng F (2011). Integrated soil and plant phosphorus management for crop and environment in China. A review. Plant and Soil, 348, 157-167. |
| [15] | Li HS (2000). Principle and Technology of Plant Physiologial and Biochemiscal Experiment. Higher Education Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
| [15] | [ 李合生 (2000). 植物生理生化实验原理和技术. 高等教育出版社, 北京.] |
| [16] | Liao H, Yan XL (2000). Adaptive changes and genotypic variation for root architecture of common bean in response to phosphorus deficiency. Acta Botanica Sinica, 42, 158-163. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [16] | [ 廖红, 严小龙 (2000). 菜豆根构型对低磷胁迫的适应性变化及基因型差异. 植物学报, 42, 158-163.] |
| [17] | Liu Y, Wang R, Hua LM, Xie ZJ (2012). Effect of N application rates on leaf senescence and protective enzyme system at later stage of maize. Journal of Maize Sciences, 20(2), 124-127. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [17] | [ 刘艳, 汪仁, 华利民, 解占军 (2012). 施氮量对玉米生育后期叶片衰老与保护酶系统的影响. 玉米科学, 20(2), 124-127.] |
| [18] | Pang X, Li CJ, Zhang FS (1999). Effect of P deficiency on translocation and redistribution of phosphate in intact plants of cucumber. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 5, 137-143. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [18] | [ 庞欣, 李春俭, 张福锁 (1999). 缺磷胁迫对黄瓜体内磷运输及再分配的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 5, 137-143.] |
| [19] | Pereira PAA, Bliss FA (1987). Nitrogen fixation and plant growth of common bean (Phaseolus vuigaris L.) at different levels of phosphorus availability. Plant and Soil, 104, 79-84. |
| [20] | Plant Physiology Teaching and Research Group, Department of Biology, East China Normal University (1980). Plant Physiology Experiment Instruction. People’s Education Press, Beijing. 169-176. (in Chinese) |
| [20] | [ 华东师范大学生物系植物生理教研组 (1980). 植物生理学实验指导. 人民教育出版社, 北京. 169-176.] |
| [21] | Rausch C, Bucher M (2002). Molecular mechanisms of phosphate transport in plants. Planta, 216, 23-37. |
| [22] | Sa TM, Israel DW (1991). Energy status and functioning of phosphorus-deficient soybean nodules. Plant Physiology, 97, 928-935. |
| [23] | Sanginga N (2003). Role of biological nitrogen fixation in legume based cropping systems; a case study of West Africa farming systems. Plant and Soil, 252, 25-39. |
| [24] | Schachtman DP, Reid RJ, Ayling SM (1998). Phosphorus uptake by plants: from soil to cell. Plant Physiology, 116, 447-453. |
| [25] | Suh S, Yee S (2011). Phosphorus use-efficiency of agriculture and food system in the US. Chemosphere, 84, 806-813. |
| [26] | Wan SB (2003). Peanut Cultivation in China. Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, Shanghai. (in Chinese) |
| [26] | [ 万书波 (2003). 中国花生栽培学. 上海科学技术出版社, 上海.] |
| [27] | Wang CB, Sun YH, Tao SX, Liang YY, Niu ZR, Zheng YP (1992). Study on relationship of source and sink in peanut. Journal of Peanut Science,(1), 11-15. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [27] | [ 王才斌, 孙彦浩, 陶寿祥, 梁裕元, 牛振荣, 郑亚萍 (1992). 花生源库关系的研究. 花生学报, (1), 11-15.] |
| [28] | Wang CB, Wan SB (2011). Peanut Physiological Ecology. China Agriculture Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
| [28] | [ 王才斌, 万书波 (2011). 花生生理生态学. 中国农业出版社, 北京.] |
| [29] | Wang CB, Wu ZF, Cheng B, Zheng YP, Wan SB, Guo F, Chen DX (2007). Effect of continuous cropping on photosynthesis and metabolism of reactive oxygen in peanut. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 33, 1304-1309. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [29] | [ 王才斌, 吴正锋, 成波, 郑亚萍, 万书波, 郭峰, 陈殿绪 (2007). 连作对花生光合特性和活性氧代谢的影响. 作物学报, 33, 1304-1309.] |
| [30] | Wang SQ, Han XZ, Yan J, Li XH, Qiao YF (2010). Impact of phosphorus deficiency stress on root morphology, nitrogen concentration and phosphorus accumulation of soybean (Glycine max L.). Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 41(3), 644-650. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [30] | [ 王树起, 韩晓增, 严君, 李晓惠, 乔云发 (2010). 缺磷胁迫对大豆根系形态和氮磷吸收积累的影响. 土壤通报, 41(3), 644-650.] |
| [31] | Wang YF, Xu L, Zhao CX, Wang ML (2012). Effects of phosphorus application on nitrogen accumulation sources and yield of peanut. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 43, 444-450. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [31] | [ 王月福, 徐亮, 赵长星, 王铭伦 (2012). 施磷对花生积累氮素来源和产量的影响. 土壤通报, 43, 444-450.] |
| [32] | Wei ZQ, Shi YX, Kong FM (2002). The effect of phosphorus deficiency stress on acid phosphatase in peanut. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 24(3), 44-46. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [32] | [ 魏志强, 史衍玺, 孔凡美 (2002). 缺磷胁迫对花生磷酸酶活性的影响. 中国粮油学报, 24(3), 44-46.] |
| [33] | Xi JG, Wu H, Liang MZ, Sun GM (2009). Effects of phosphorus on plant and root of sisal. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, (11), 82-85. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [33] | [ 习金根, 吴浩, 梁敏枝, 孙光明 (2009). 不同的磷水平对剑麻根系和植株生长的影响. 广东农业科学, (11), 82-85.] |
| [34] | Xu L, Wang YF, Cheng X, Kang YJ, Wang ML (2009). Effects of phosphorus application on root growth and development and yield of peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.). Journal of Peanut Science, 38, 32-35. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [34] | [ 徐亮, 王月福, 程曦, 康玉洁, 王铭伦 (2009). 施磷对花生根系生长发育和产量的影响. 花生学报, 38, 32-35.] |
| [35] | Yan WY, Ye SH, Dong YJ, Jin QS, Zhang XM (2010). Research progress related to plant leaf senescence. Crops,(4), 4-9. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [35] | [ 严雯奕, 叶胜海, 董彦君, 金庆生, 张小明 (2010). 植物叶片衰老相关研究进展. 作物杂志, (4), 4-9.] |
| [36] | Zhao SJ, Xu CC, Zou Q, Meng QW (1994). Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehvde in plant tissues. Acta Photophysiologica Sinica, 30(3), 207-210. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [36] | [ 赵士杰, 许长成, 邹琦, 孟庆伟 (1994). 植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进. 植物生理学报, 30(3), 207-210.] |
| [37] | Zhao XF, Wang WL, He DX (2010). Effects of phosphorus fertilizer application rates on root physiological and biochemical characteristics and grain protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Triticeae Crops, 30, 870-874. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [37] | [ 赵秀峰, 王文亮, 贺德先 (2010). 施磷水平对小麦根系生理及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 30, 870-874.] |
| [38] | Zhou LY, Li XD, Tang X, Lin YJ, Li ZF (2007). Effects of different application amount of N, P, K fertilizers on physiological characteristics, yield and kernel quality of peanut. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 18, 2468-2474. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [38] | [ 周录英, 李向东, 汤笑, 林英杰, 李宗奉 (2007). 氮、磷、钾肥不同用量对花生生理特性及产量品质的影响. 生态学报, 18, 2468-2474.] |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
