植物生态学报 ›› 2006, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 210-220.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0030
接受日期:
2005-06-07
出版日期:
2006-03-30
发布日期:
2006-03-30
作者简介:
E-mail: ruan@dlnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
RUAN Cheng_Jiang(), JIANG Guo_Bin
Accepted:
2005-06-07
Online:
2006-03-30
Published:
2006-03-30
摘要:
雌雄异位和花部行为影响植物的传粉和交配格局。二者的适应意义一直是植物生殖生态学和进化生物学研究的热点之一。该文概述了近年来雌雄异位和花部行为适应意义的研究进展,包括对雌雄异位适应意义的最早期、最传统的认识——避免自交和当前的主流观点——避免雌雄干扰;花内性别干扰的形式及其例证;花部行为在避免雌雄功能干扰、避免自交、实现延迟自交、应对不良环境等方面的适应意义。讨论了使雌雄异位程度减小的锦葵科一些植物中的单体雄蕊柱头运动可能涉及到的适应意义。针对目前在雌雄异位和花部行为适应意义研究上存在的不足,结合国际上研究二者适应意义的发展趋势正在从前期以描述性的研究为主转变到应用现代分子生物学手段(尤其是分子标记,如SSR、SNP、AFLP等)和传统方法相结合,以及随着田间实验和控制条件能力的发展正由经典的野外调查、观察为主过渡到包括花操纵在内的人工试验和野外试验相结合,提出了今后研究中应注意的问题。有必要借用多学科的手段,以可作为研究雌雄异位和花部行为的有着研究基础的植物为材料,设计和操纵不同的对比试验,系统而深入地探讨雌雄异位和花部行为的适应意义。
阮成江, 姜国斌. 雌雄异位和花部行为适应意义的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 2006, 30(2): 210-220. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0030
RUAN Cheng_Jiang, JIANG Guo_Bin. ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF HERKOGAMY AND FLORAL BEHAVIOUR. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2006, 30(2): 210-220. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2006.0030
图1 单花花期不同阶段的海滨锦葵花示意图(Ruan et al., 2005) a:刚刚开放的花,柱头裂片与雄蕊管长度方向几乎在同一直线上 Just opening flower, penta_lobed stigmas almost locate in the prolonged line of monadelphous tube b:柱头裂片运动中未被授粉的花,裂片运动持续了一段时间 Un_pollinated flowers being the curvature of stigma lobes, in which the curving movements last a certain time c:柱头与自花花粉不接触(毗邻) Stigmas do not contact with (abut on) its own anthers late in flowering d:柱头与自花的花粉相触 Stigmas contact with its own anthers late in flowering e:传粉发生在花开初期,柱头裂片运动没有发生 Pollination occurring early in the anthesis (curvature of stigma lobes do not take place) f:柱头裂片运动中被授粉的花,一旦柱头接受到花粉,裂片运动立即停止 Pollinated flower being the curvature of stigma lobes, in which the curving movements immediately stop once stigmas are pollinated 1:柱头裂片 Stigma lobes 2:花药 Anthers 3:花粉粒 Pollen grains
Fig.1 Sketch map of flowers in Kosteletzkya virginica at different stages of flowering (Ruan et al., 2005a)
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