蒜头果根际细菌群落结构与功能特征对其健康状态的响应

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2022.0335

植物生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 1020-1031.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0335

所属专题：微生物生态学

蒜头果根际细菌群落结构与功能特征对其健康状态的响应

张仲富¹^,², 王四海¹^,²^,^*(), 杨卫¹, 陈剑¹^,²

¹云南省林业和草原科学院云南省森林植物培育与开发利用重点实验室, 昆明 650201
²国家林业和草原局云南珍稀濒特森林植物保护和繁育重点实验室, 昆明 650201

收稿日期:2022-08-18 接受日期:2023-03-13 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-21
通讯作者: *王四海(wangsh6688@163.com)
作者简介:ORCID: 王四海: 0000-0002-4143-4919
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31860081);云南省科技计划(202001AS070019);云南省技术创新人才培养资助项目(2019HB066)

Response of rhizosphere microbial community structure and functional characteristics to health status of Malania oleifera

ZHANG Zhong-Fu¹^,², WANG Si-Hai¹^,²^,^*(), YANG Wei¹, CHEN Jian¹^,²

¹Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization, Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
²The Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation of Rare, Endangered and Endemic Forest Plants, Kunming 650201, China

Received:2022-08-18 Accepted:2023-03-13 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-21
Contact: *WANG Si-Hai(wangsh6688@163.com)
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860081);Science Fund of Yunnan Government(202001AS070019);The Talent Training Program on Technical Innovation of Yunnan Province(2019HB066)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解蒜头果(Malania oleifera)植株根际微生物组成和功能特征与蒜头果健康状态的关系, 该研究采集了阔叶林、人工种植林和喀斯特森林下的5种不同生境的健康和非健康蒜头果植株根际土壤样品, 运用Illumina高通量测序技术进行细菌测序, 并用FAPROTAX进行功能预测分析。研究结果表明: 1)扩增子序列变异体(ASV)分析结果显示, 在门水平上不同生境的细菌组成存在一定差异, 其中相对丰度最高的前5个门的细菌类群为酸杆菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和黏菌门。健康植株和非健康植株的根际细菌组成有显著的差异, 且细菌群落的优势菌群发生显著的变化。2)非度量多维尺度分析显示不同健康状态蒜头果的根际细菌组成有显著差异, 冗余分析结果显示健康植株的样本沿第一轴分布, 两轴共解释了25.83%的细菌群落变异, 土壤速效磷含量、总钾含量和pH是影响健康植株根际细菌群落物种组成的主要因子。非健康植株的冗余分析结果显示两轴累积解释了51.84%的细菌群落物种组成变异, 土壤总钾含量和速效磷含量是影响其物种组成的重要因子。3)相关性热图显示健康植株根际土壤pH、速效磷含量和全钾含量与绿弯菌门、浮霉菌门、Methylomirabilota和Desulfobacterota等主要类群的相对丰度显著相关。非健康植株的土壤pH、速效氮含量、速效磷含量、总磷含量和全钾含量与绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门、Desulfobacterota、Latescibacterota和芽单胞菌门等主要类群的相对丰度显著相关。4) FAPROTAX功能预测结果显示光营养、光能自养、芳香化合物降解、蓝藻细菌和含氧光能自养等细菌功能群相对丰度在健康植株的根际土壤中明显下降, 而发酵、尿素分解和人类病原菌等细菌功能群相对丰度则明显升高, 说明不同健康状态植株的根际细菌发生了显著的变化。

关键词: 蒜头果, 根际细菌, 细菌群落, 细菌功能, 高通量测序技术

Abstract:

Aims To reveal the relationship between rhizosphere microbial composition, functional characteristics and health status of Malania oleifera.

Methods We collected rhizosphere soil samples of healthy and non-healthy M. oleifera at five different habitats in broadleaf forest, artificial planting forest and karst forest, sequenced the microbial communities using illumina high-throughput sequencing techniques and predicted the microbial community functions using FAPROTAX.

Important findings The results showed that: 1) Amplicon sequence variants (ASV) representative sequence classification analysis showed slight differences in microbial composition among five habitats. The top five bacterial phyla were Acidobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi and Myxococcota. There were significant differences in rhizosphere microbial composition between healthy and non-healthy plants, and the dominant microbial taxa changed significantly. 2) The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed significant differences in microbial components of M. oleiferawith different health status. Redundancy analysis results showed that the healthy plant samples were distributed along the first axis, and the two axes explained 25.83% of the variation in the microbial community as a whole. The contents of soil available phosphorus, total potassium and pH were the main factors affecting the rhizosphere microbial communities of healthy plants. Redundancy analysis of non-healthy plants showed that 51.84% of the variation in microbial community was explained by the two ordination axes. Soil total potassium content and available phosphorus content represented the important factors affecting the rhizosphere microbial communities of the non-healthy plants. 3) The correlation heatmap showed that soil pH, available phosphorus content and total potassium content were significantly correlated with the abundance of Chloroflexi, Planctomycetota, Methylomirabilota and Desulfobacterota in healthy plants. However, the abundance of Desulfobacterota, Acidobacteriota, Desulfobacterota, Latescibacterota and Gemmatimonadota were significantly affected by soil pH, available nitrogen content, available phosphorus content, total phosphorus content and total potassium content in non-healthy plants. 4) FAPROTAX functional prediction results showed that the abundance of phototrophy, photoautotrophy, aromatic compound degradation, cyanobacteria and oxygenic decreased significantly in healthy rhizosphere microorganisms, whereas fermentation, ureolysis and human pathogens increased significantly. The results demonstrate that the rhizosphere microbial community undergoes significant changes in different health conditions.

Key words: Malania oleifera, rhizosphere microbe, microbial community, microbial function, high-throughput sequencing techniques

张仲富, 王四海, 杨卫, 陈剑. 蒜头果根际细菌群落结构与功能特征对其健康状态的响应. 植物生态学报, 2023, 47(7): 1020-1031. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0335

ZHANG Zhong-Fu, WANG Si-Hai, YANG Wei, CHEN Jian. Response of rhizosphere microbial community structure and functional characteristics to health status of Malania oleifera. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2023, 47(7): 1020-1031. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0335

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0335

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I7/1020

图/表 8

表1 蒜头果采样点信息

Table 1 Sampling site information of Malania oleifera

采集地点 Sample location	海拔 Altitude (m)	生境 Biotope	生境特征 Habitat characteristic	采样数量 Sample size
广南县拖董村 Tuodong village, Guangnan County	1 280	自然分布 Natural distribution	黄壤, 常绿阔叶林 Yellow soil, evergreen broadleaf forest	健康和非健康植株各6株 6 healthy and 6 non-healthy individuals
广南县岩腊村 Aila village, Guangnan County	1 270	自然分布 Natural distribution	石灰岩山地, 蒜头果为主的疏林地 Limestone mountain, Malania oleifera sparse woods	健康和非健康植株各3株 3 healthy and 3 non-healthy individuals
广南县中就村人工基地 Artificial cultivation in Zhongjiu village, Guangnan County	1 410	人工种植 Artificial cultivation	黄壤, 人工种植疏杉木林地 Yellow soil, artificial cultivation Cunninghamia lanceolata sparse woods	健康和非健康植株各3株 3 healthy and 3 non-healthy individuals
富宁县木都村 Mudu village, Funing County	850	自然分布 Natural distribution	赤红壤, 季风常绿阔叶林 Lateritic red soil, monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest	健康和非健康植株各3株 3 healthy and 3 non-healthy individuals
富宁县那见村 Najian village, Funing County	550	人工种植 Artificial cultivation	赤红壤, 次生季风常绿阔叶林 Lateritic red soil, secondary monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest	健康和非健康植株各3株 3 healthy and 3 non-healthy individuals

图1 健康和非健康的蒜头果植株。A, 健康植株: 树冠开展, 枝叶茂盛, 枯枝少。B, 非健康植株: 树冠小, 枝叶稀疏, 较多枯枝。

Fig. 1 Healthy and non-healthy plant morphology of Malania oleifera. A, Healthy individual: spreading crown, lush branches and leaves, less dead branches. B, Non-healthy individual: small crown, sparse branches and leaves, more dead branches.

图2 蒜头果根际细菌群落组成。A, 健康植株与非健康植株的物种组成。B, 5种生境的细菌物种组成。H, 健康植株; NH, 非健康植株。AL, 岩腊村; MD, 木都村; NJ, 那见村; RG, 中就村人工基地; TD, 拖董村。Acidobacteriota, 酸杆菌门; Actinobacteriota, 放线菌门; Bacteroidota, 拟杆菌门; Chloroflexi, 绿弯菌门; Firmicutes, 厚壁菌门; Gemmatimonadota, 芽单胞菌门; Myxococcota, 黏菌门; Planctomycetota, 浮霉菌门; Proteobacteria, 变形菌门; Verrucomicrobiota, 疣微菌门; Others, 其他。

Fig. 2 Root rhizosphere bacteria relative abundance in Malania oleifera. A, Rhizosphere bacteria composition of healthy and non-healthy plants. B, Rhizosphere bacteria composition of five habitats. H, healthy individual; NH, non-healthy individual. AL, Aila village; MD, Mudu village; NJ, Najian village; RG, human planted forest of Zhongjiu village; TD, Tuodong village.

图3 蒜头果根际细菌群落组成的非度量多维尺度(NMDS)分析。

Fig. 3 Root rhizosphere bacteria community of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis in Malania oleifera. H, healthy individual; NH, non-healthy individual. AL, Aila village; MD, Mudu village; NJ, Najian village; RG, human planted forest of Zhongjiu village; TD, Tuodong village.

图4 蒜头果根际细菌群落的差异性检验。A, 不同地区差异性。B, 健康状态间差异性。*, 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05, **, 0.001 < p ≤ 0.01; ***, p ≤ 0.001。H, 健康植株; NH, 非健康植株。AL, 岩腊村; MD, 木都村; NJ, 那见村; RG, 中就村人工基地; TD, 拖董村。细菌同图2。

Fig. 4 Difference of root rhizosphere bacteria community in Malania oleifera. A, Bacteria relative abundance in five habitats. B, Healthy and non-healthy individuals in five habitats. *, 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05; **, 0.001 < p ≤ 0.01; ***, p ≤ 0.001. H, healthy individual; NH, non-healthy individual. AL, Aila village; MD, Mudu village; NJ, Najian village; RG, human planted forest of Zhongjiu village; TD, Tuodong village.

图5 蒜头果根际细菌的冗余分析(RDA)。A, 健康植株。B, 非健康植株。AN, 土壤速效氮含量; AP, 土壤速效磷含量; pH, 土壤pH; SWC, 土壤含水率; TK, 土壤总钾含量; TN, 土壤总氮含量; TP, 土壤总磷含量。AL, 岩腊村; MD, 木都村; NJ, 那见村; RG, 中就村人工基地; TD, 拖董村。

Fig. 5 Rhizosphere bacteria community of redundancy analysis (RDA) in Malania oleifera. A, Healthy individuals in five habitat. B, Non-healthy individuals in five habitats. AN, soil available nitrogen content; AP, soil available phosphorus content; pH, soil pH; SWC, soil water content; TK, soil total potassium content; TN, soil total nitrogen content; TP, soil total phosphorus content. AL, Aila village; MD, Mudu village; NJ, Najian village; RG, human planted forest of Zhongjiu village; TD, Tuodong village.

图6 环境因子与蒜头果根际细菌优势类群的皮尔逊相关性热图。A, 健康植株。B, 非健康植株。AN, 土壤速效氮含量; AP, 土壤速效磷含量; pH, 土壤pH; SWC, 土壤含水率; TK, 土壤总钾含量; TN, 土壤总氮含量; TP, 土壤总磷含量。*, 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05, **, 0.001 < p ≤ 0.01, ***, p ≤ 0.001。Nitrospirota, 硝化螺旋菌门。其他细菌同图2。

Fig. 6 Pearson correlation heatmap of environmental factors with rhizosphere bacterial taxa in Malania oleifera. A, Healthy individuals. B, Non-healthy individuals. AN, soil available nitrogen content; AP, soil available phosphorus content; pH, soil pH; SWC, soil water content; TK, soil total potassium content; TN, soil total nitrogen content; TP, soil total phosphorus content. *, 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05; **, 0.001 < p ≤ 0.01; ***, p ≤ 0.001.

图7 蒜头果根际细菌功能预测相关性热图。Aerobic chemoheterotrophy, 有氧化能异养; Aliphatic non methane hydrocarbon degradation, 脂肪族非甲烷烃类降解; Animal parasites or symbionts, 动物寄生虫或共生体; Anoxygenic photoautotrophy, 无氧光能自养; Anoxygenic photoautotrophy sulfur oxidizing, 光合自养硫氧化; Aromatic compound degradation, 芳香族化合物降解; Aromatic hydrocarbon degradation, 芳族烃降解; Cellulolysis, 纤维素水解作用; Chemoheterotrophy, 化能异养; Chitinolysis, 几丁质分解; Chloroplasts, 叶绿体; Cyanobacteria, 蓝藻细菌; Dark oxidation of sulfur compounds, 硫化物暗氧化; Denitrification, 反硝化作用; Fermentation, 发酵; Human gut, 人类肠道; Human pathogens all, 人类病原菌; Human pathogens pneumonia, 人类病原体肺炎; Hydrocarbon degradation, 石油烃降解; Photoautotrophy, 光能自养; Photoheterotrophy, 光能异养; Phototrophy, 光营养; Mammal gut, 哺乳动物肠道菌; Nitrate denitrification, 硝化反硝化; Nitrate oxide denitrification, 氧化亚氮反硝化; Nitrate respiration, 硝酸盐呼吸; Nitrite denitrification, 亚硝酸盐脱氮; Nitrite respiration, 亚硝酸盐呼吸; Nitrogen respiration, 氮呼吸; Nitrogen fixation, 固氮作用; Oxygenic photoautotrophy, 含氧光能自养; Intracellular parasites, 胞内寄生物; Ureolysis, 尿素分解。H, 健康植株; NH, 非健康植株。AL, 岩腊村; MD, 木都村; NJ, 那见村; RG, 中就村人工基地; TD, 拖董村。

Fig. 7 Pearson correlation heatmap of predicted rhizosphere bacterial function in Malania oleifera. H, healthy individual; NH, non-healthy individual. AL, Aila village; MD, Mudu village; NJ, Najian village; RG, human planted forest of Zhongjiu village; TD, Tuodong village.

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蒜头果根际细菌群落结构与功能特征对其健康状态的响应

Response of rhizosphere microbial community structure and functional characteristics to health status of Malania oleifera

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