茂兰喀斯特地区常见蕨类植物的钙含量特征及高钙适应方式分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01061

植物生态学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1061-1069.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01061

茂兰喀斯特地区常见蕨类植物的钙含量特征及高钙适应方式分析

王程媛¹^,²^,^*(), 王世杰¹^,^**(), 容丽³, 罗绪强¹^,⁴

¹中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550002
²中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
³贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 贵阳 550001
⁴贵州师范学院地理与旅游学院, 贵阳 550018

收稿日期:2011-06-07 接受日期:2011-07-18 出版日期:2011-06-07 发布日期:2011-11-07
通讯作者: 王世杰
作者简介:** （E-mail: wangshijie@vip.skleg.cn)
第一联系人：
* E-mail: wangchengyuanwcy@126.com

Analyzing about characteristics of calcium content and mechanisms of high calcium adaptation of common pteridophyte in Maolan karst area of China

WANG Cheng-Yuan¹^,²^,^*(), WANG Shi-Jie¹^,^**(), RONG Li³, LUO Xu-Qiang¹^,⁴

¹State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
²Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
⁴School of Geography and Tourism, Guizhou Normal College, Guiyang 550018, China

Received:2011-06-07 Accepted:2011-07-18 Online:2011-06-07 Published:2011-11-07
Contact: WANG Shi-Jie

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探讨喀斯特地区常见蕨类植物种对石灰土高钙环境的适应方式, 以茂兰国家级自然保护区及其附近区域的11种常见蕨类植物为研究对象, 通过对比其根际土及植株钙素的含量特征, 分析了这11种植物对土壤钙素的吸收情况, 以及钙素在植株各器官间的运转和分配情况。研究显示, 在酸性土区, 肾蕨(Nephrolepis auriculata)根际土的钙有效度显著高于其他10种蕨类植物; 受酸性土钙含量低的影响, 厌钙植物种的植株钙含量显著低于专性钙生植物种; 除肾蕨和金星蕨(Parathe- lypteris glanduligera)外, 酸性土区各植物种的植株各器官中钙含量为成熟叶>根>幼叶, 石灰土区植株各器官的钙含量为根>成熟叶>幼叶, 广布种凤尾蕨(Pteris cretica var. nervosa)的植株器官钙含量特征在石灰土和酸性土间存在差异; 各专性钙生植物种的植株钙含量有显著的种间差异。以上结果表明, (1)肾蕨可通过富集、活化根际土钙素的方式来满足自身的需求; (2)土壤供钙条件会影响植株钙含量, 且在不同土壤钙环境下, 植株各器官钙含量特征的差异与其对土壤钙含量变化的适应行为有关; (3) 5种专性钙生植物种对钙素的需求有差异, 且其面对高钙环境起主导作用的适应方式也有所不同, 柳叶蕨(Cyrtogonellum fraxinellum)、贯众(Cyrtomium fortune)、蜈蚣草(Pteris vittata)具有嗜钙或喜钙的特性, 而铁线蕨(Adiantum capillus-veneris)属于低钙植物种。

关键词: 石灰土, 植物钙含量, 专性钙生植物种, 高钙适应性

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to analyze the calcium absorption and distribution characteristics of pteridophyte species, and to determine their adaptation to high calcium.
Methods Eleven pteridophytes were collected from Maolan National Nature Reserve and the surrounding area. We analyzed their calcium absorption and distribution behavior by comparing the calcium content in each organ and the rhizosphere.
Important findings In acidic soil, calcium availability in the rhizosphere of Nephrolepis auriculata was much higher than that of other species. Because of low calcium content in acidic soil, the calcium content of calcifuge was significantly lower than that of exclusive calciphytes. Except for N. auriculata and Parathelypteris glanduligera, the calcium content in various organs of plants that lived in acidic soil were mature leaf > roots > young leaf, and the calcium content in various organs of plants that lived in calcareous soil were roots > mature leaf > young leaf. In addition, calcium content in various organs of Pteris cretica var. nervosa had differences between calcareous and acidic soils. Calcium content of exclusive calciphytes had significant interspecific differences. Results suggested that N. auriculata could meet its calcium needs by enriching and activating calcium in the rhizosphere. The calcium content in plants could be reflected by the calcium supply in the soil. In different soils, the calcium-content differences in various organs might be related to their adaptive behavior towards changes of soil calcium content. The demands for calcium of the five exclusive calciphytes species were disparate. When they encountered high calcium stress, their primary adaptation behaviors differed. Cyrtogonellum fraxinellum, Cyrtomium fortune and Pteris vittata had calciphilious features, but Adiantum capillus-veneris was a low calcium species. Key words calcareous soil;calcium content of plant;exclusive calciphytes;high calcium content adaptation

Key words: calcareous soil, calcium content of plant, exclusive calciphytes, high calcium content adaptation

王程媛, 王世杰, 容丽, 罗绪强. 茂兰喀斯特地区常见蕨类植物的钙含量特征及高钙适应方式分析. 植物生态学报, 2011, 35(10): 1061-1069. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01061

WANG Cheng-Yuan, WANG Shi-Jie, RONG Li, LUO Xu-Qiang. Analyzing about characteristics of calcium content and mechanisms of high calcium adaptation of common pteridophyte in Maolan karst area of China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2011, 35(10): 1061-1069. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2011.01061

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参考文献 34

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植物 Species		土壤性质 Soil property	根际土壤全钙含量 Total calcium content in rizosphere soil (mg·g^-1)	根际土壤交换性钙含量 Exchangeable calcium content in rizosphere soil (mg·g^-1)	根际土壤钙有效度 Availability of calcium in rizosphere soil (%)	植株总钙含量 Total calcium content in each plant (mg·g^-1)
专性钙生蕨类种 Exclusive calciphyte ferns	柳叶蕨 Cyrtogonellum fraxinellum	石灰土 Calcareous soil	24.15 ± 8.45^a	11.08 ± 4.36^ab	49.75 ± 20.45^b	8.57 ± 1.43^abc
	贯众 Cyrtomium fortunei	石灰土 Calcareous soil	14.31 ± 9 .44^abc	6.46 ± 2.85^bc	50.97 ± 14.58^b	7.71 ± 0.81^bcd
	蜈蚣草 Pteris vittata	石灰土 Calcareous soil	17.65 ± 9.71^abc	5.49 ± 2.84^bcd	31.11 ± 16.52^b	8.66 ± 1.69^abc
	铁线蕨 Adiantum capillus-veneris	石灰土 Calcareous soil	19.53 ± 6.48^ab	6.69 ± 2.16^bc	31.29 ± 11.65^b	6.07 ± 0.77^de
	肿足蕨 Hypodematium crenatum	石灰土 Calcareous soil	24.26 ± 4.59^a	7.23 ± 1.68^abc	29.78 ± 3.24^b	10.42 ± 0.38^a
厌钙蕨类种 Calcifuge ferns	铁芒萁 Dicranopteris linearis	酸性土 Acidic soil	2.05 ± 1.24^c	0.78 ± 0.48^e	38.56 ± 4.43^b	2.14 ± 0.34^g
	狗脊 Woodwardia japonica	酸性土 Acidic soil	2.59 ± 0.99^c	0.92 ± 0.39^e	35.54 ± 2.67^b	2.95 ± 0.69^fg
	乌蕨 Stenoloma chusanum	酸性土 Acidic soil	2.38 ± 1.67^c	1.33 ± 1.25^de	52.15 ± 17.75^b	3.41 ± 1.25^fg
广布蕨类种 Dispersed ferns	肾蕨 Nephrolepis auriculata	石灰土 Calcareous soil	18.29 ± 3.26^abc	10.82 ± 3.46^a	59.83 ± 18.21^ab	9.06 ± 1.77^ab
	肾蕨 Nephrolepis auriculata	酸性土 Acidic soil	5.28 ± 2.31^bc	4.36 ± 1.54^bcd	82.53 ± 8.63^a	8.22 ± 0.75^bc
	金星蕨 Parathelypteris glanduligera	石灰土 Calcareous soil	15.62 ± 18.03^abc	4.49 ± 2.24^bcd	40.41 ± 17.69^b	6.46 ± 1.22^cd
	金星蕨 Parathelypteris glanduligera	酸性土 Acidic soil	3.96 ± 2.26^bc	1.79 ± 1.12^cde	45.17 ± 7.45^b	4.46 ± 0.70^ef
	凤尾蕨 Pteris cretica var. nervosa	石灰土 Calcareous soil	16.24 ± 12.20^abc	5.17 ± 2.09^bcd	38.15 ± 12.68^b	7.73 ± 1.99^bcd
	凤尾蕨 Pteris cretica var. nervosa	酸性土 Acidic soil	11.58 ± 1.19^bc	4.71 ± 1.76^bcd	39.95 ±10.92^b	4.16 ± 1.03^efg

植物 Species		土壤性质 Soil property	根际土壤全钙含量 Total calcium content in rizosphere soil (mg·g^-1)	根际土壤交换性钙含量 Exchangeable calcium content in rizosphere soil (mg·g^-1)	根际土壤钙有效度 Availability of calcium in rizosphere soil (%)	植株总钙含量 Total calcium content in each plant (mg·g^-1)
专性钙生蕨类种 Exclusive calciphyte ferns	柳叶蕨 Cyrtogonellum fraxinellum	石灰土 Calcareous soil	24.15 ± 8.45^a	11.08 ± 4.36^ab	49.75 ± 20.45^b	8.57 ± 1.43^abc
	贯众 Cyrtomium fortunei	石灰土 Calcareous soil	14.31 ± 9 .44^abc	6.46 ± 2.85^bc	50.97 ± 14.58^b	7.71 ± 0.81^bcd
	蜈蚣草 Pteris vittata	石灰土 Calcareous soil	17.65 ± 9.71^abc	5.49 ± 2.84^bcd	31.11 ± 16.52^b	8.66 ± 1.69^abc
	铁线蕨 Adiantum capillus-veneris	石灰土 Calcareous soil	19.53 ± 6.48^ab	6.69 ± 2.16^bc	31.29 ± 11.65^b	6.07 ± 0.77^de
	肿足蕨 Hypodematium crenatum	石灰土 Calcareous soil	24.26 ± 4.59^a	7.23 ± 1.68^abc	29.78 ± 3.24^b	10.42 ± 0.38^a
厌钙蕨类种 Calcifuge ferns	铁芒萁 Dicranopteris linearis	酸性土 Acidic soil	2.05 ± 1.24^c	0.78 ± 0.48^e	38.56 ± 4.43^b	2.14 ± 0.34^g
	狗脊 Woodwardia japonica	酸性土 Acidic soil	2.59 ± 0.99^c	0.92 ± 0.39^e	35.54 ± 2.67^b	2.95 ± 0.69^fg
	乌蕨 Stenoloma chusanum	酸性土 Acidic soil	2.38 ± 1.67^c	1.33 ± 1.25^de	52.15 ± 17.75^b	3.41 ± 1.25^fg
广布蕨类种 Dispersed ferns	肾蕨 Nephrolepis auriculata	石灰土 Calcareous soil	18.29 ± 3.26^abc	10.82 ± 3.46^a	59.83 ± 18.21^ab	9.06 ± 1.77^ab
	肾蕨 Nephrolepis auriculata	酸性土 Acidic soil	5.28 ± 2.31^bc	4.36 ± 1.54^bcd	82.53 ± 8.63^a	8.22 ± 0.75^bc
	金星蕨 Parathelypteris glanduligera	石灰土 Calcareous soil	15.62 ± 18.03^abc	4.49 ± 2.24^bcd	40.41 ± 17.69^b	6.46 ± 1.22^cd
	金星蕨 Parathelypteris glanduligera	酸性土 Acidic soil	3.96 ± 2.26^bc	1.79 ± 1.12^cde	45.17 ± 7.45^b	4.46 ± 0.70^ef
	凤尾蕨 Pteris cretica var. nervosa	石灰土 Calcareous soil	16.24 ± 12.20^abc	5.17 ± 2.09^bcd	38.15 ± 12.68^b	7.73 ± 1.99^bcd
	凤尾蕨 Pteris cretica var. nervosa	酸性土 Acidic soil	11.58 ± 1.19^bc	4.71 ± 1.76^bcd	39.95 ±10.92^b	4.16 ± 1.03^efg

茂兰喀斯特地区常见蕨类植物的钙含量特征及高钙适应方式分析

Analyzing about characteristics of calcium content and mechanisms of high calcium adaptation of common pteridophyte in Maolan karst area of China

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