植物生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 789-800.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2025.0391  cstr: 32100.14.cjpe.2025.0391

• 综述 •    下一篇

作物功能基因与根际微生物组互作的分子调控机制研究进展

常春玲1,2, 赵雪1, 徐一鸣1, 唐宽强1,*()   

  1. 1 齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院, 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161006
    2 黑龙江省农业微生物制剂产业化工程技术研究中心, 黑龙江省农用生物制剂产业化协同创新中心, 黑龙江省高浓度有机废液转化及产业化概念验证中心, 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161006
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-31 接受日期:2025-12-13 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-06-29
  • 通讯作者: *唐宽强(tangkuanqiang@126.com)
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金(YQ2024D013);黑龙江省省属本科高校“优秀青年教师基础研究支持计划”(YQJH2023099);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费(145309211)

Molecular regulatory mechanisms of crop functional genes in rhizosphere microbiome interactions

CHANG Chun-Ling1,2, ZHAO Xue1, XU Yi-Ming1, TANG Kuan-Qiang1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
    2 Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Microbial Preparations Industrialization Engineering and Technology Research Center, Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Bio-Preparation Industrialization Collaborative Innovation Center, Heilongjiang Provincial Concept Verification Center of High Concentration Organic Waste Liquid Biotransformation and Industrialization, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, China
  • Received:2025-10-31 Accepted:2025-12-13 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-06-29
  • Contact: *TANG Kuan-Qiang(tangkuanqiang@126.com)
  • Supported by:
    Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(YQ2024D013);Excellent Young Teachers Program of Basic Research in Heilongjiang Province of China(YQJH2023099);Basic Scientific Research Fund for Colleges and Universities in Heilongjiang Province of China(145309211)

摘要:

作物驯化不仅直接塑造作物的表型特征, 还通过根系构型和根系分泌物组成的动态调控, 对根际微生物群落组装产生选择性压力, 进而形成宿主与微生物互作网络。该网络通过多重机制促进宿主作物的适应性: 一方面显著增强对生物胁迫(如病原菌侵染)和非生物胁迫(如干旱和盐碱胁迫等)的抗性, 另一方面高效优化氮、磷等关键营养元素的吸收效率。这些功能的实现源于宿主基因型与环境因素共同调控的根际互作动态系统。值得注意的是, 宿主作物遗传调控对微生物组组装的分子机制仍是当前研究的核心问题。该文综述了近年来作物遗传背景对微生物组选择性招募机制的研究进展, 并展望“微生物组再野化”在农业可持续发展中的应用前景, 为相关领域的理论创新与实践提供了重要参考。

关键词: 微生物组, 作物驯化, 宿主基因型, 非生物胁迫, 生物胁迫

Abstract:

Crop domestication not only directly shapes phenotypic traits but also imposes selective pressure on rhizosphere microbial community assembly through dynamic regulation of root architecture and exudate composition, thereby forming host-microbial interaction networks. These networks enhance host adaptability through multiple mechanisms, significantly improving resistance to biotic stresses (e.g., pathogen infection) and abiotic stresses (e.g., drought and salinity), while optimizing nutrient uptake of key elements like nitrogen and phosphorus. These functions arise from a rhizosphere interaction system co-regulated by host genotype and environmental factors. Notably, the molecular mechanisms by which host genetic regulation drives microbiome assembly remain a core research focus. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding how crop genetic backgrounds selectively recruit microbiomes and explores the application prospects of “rewilding plant microbiome” for agricultural sustainability, providing critical insights for theoretical innovation and practical applications in this field.

Key words: microbiome, domestication, host genetype, abiotic stress, biotic stress