Population genetic diversity of wild Lycium ruthenicum in Qaidam inferred from AFLP markers

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2015.0097

Abstract

Abstract: Aims

Lycium ruthenicum is a perennial shrub plant. It grows among rocks in deserts, and its populations are spatially scattered in the distribution range. The objectives of this study were investigating the population genetic diversity and genetic structure of L. ruthenicum in Qaidam and determining relationships between genetic diversity and environmental factors.

Methods

We analyzed the genetic diversity of 120 individuals from 5 natural populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers.

Important findings

We obtained 1691 unambiguous bands from the nine pairs of selected primers, 1678 bands (99.23%) of which were polymorphic across all individuals. At the species level, the Nei’s gene diversity was 0.3649, and the Shannon’s information index was 0.5422. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis indicated that most variations (92.0%) existed within populations, with only a small proportion of total variations residing among populations (8.0%, genetic differentiation coefficient is 0.08). The genetic similarity among the populations ranged from 0.9709 to 0.9922 with an average of 0.9835. Results of the Mantel test (γ = 0.3368, p = 0.8064) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster of the Qaidam populations indicated that the correlation between geographical distance and genetic distance was not significant. Principal coordinate analysis of all sampled individuals showed that individuals from each population did not cluster together. The genetic diversity of the same population indicated that the L. ruthenicum of Nomhon had high level of genetic variations, which indicated Nomhon is the center of the Qaidam wild L. ruthenicum populations.

Key words: Lycium ruthenicum, Qaidam, genetic diversity, AFLP

WANG Jin-Nan,CHEN Jin-Fu,Chen Wu-Sheng,Zhou Xin-Yang,XU Dong,LI Ji-Hong,QI Xiao. Population genetic diversity of wild Lycium ruthenicum in Qaidam inferred from AFLP markers[J]. Chin J Plan Ecolo, 2015, 39(10): 1003-1011.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2015.0097

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2015/V39/I10/1003

Figures/Tables 9

References 37

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种群 Population	海拔 Altitude (m)	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Sampling size
德令哈怀头他拉 Huaitoutala, Delingha (DLH1)	2 810	37.25°	96.83°	24
诺木洪贝壳梁 Beikeliang, Nomhon (NMH1)	2 703	36.50°	96.22°	24
诺木洪奥斯勒草场 Osler grassland, Nomhon (NMH2)	2 770	36.45°	96.45°	24
格尔木乌图美仁 Urt Moron, Glomud (GEM1)	2 890	36.88°	93.12°	24
格尔木鱼水河 River water, Glomud (GEM2)	2 750	36.48°	94.95°	24

种群 Population	海拔 Altitude (m)	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	样品数 Sampling size
德令哈怀头他拉 Huaitoutala, Delingha (DLH1)	2 810	37.25°	96.83°	24
诺木洪贝壳梁 Beikeliang, Nomhon (NMH1)	2 703	36.50°	96.22°	24
诺木洪奥斯勒草场 Osler grassland, Nomhon (NMH2)	2 770	36.45°	96.45°	24
格尔木乌图美仁 Urt Moron, Glomud (GEM1)	2 890	36.88°	93.12°	24
格尔木鱼水河 River water, Glomud (GEM2)	2 750	36.48°	94.95°	24

引物组合 Primer combination	总带数 Total No. of bands	多态带数 No. of polymorphic bands	多态带比例 Percentage of polymorphic bands (%)
E-AAG/M-CAC	182	182	100.00
E-AAG/M-CAG	192	189	98.43
E-ACA/M-CAA	190	189	99.47
E-ACA/M-CAC	180	180	100.00
E-ACT/M-CTT	205	201	98.05
E-AGG/M-CAA	193	193	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAC	177	177	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAG	184	182	98.91
E-AGG/M-CTG	188	185	98.40
合计 Summation	1 691	1 678
平均 Mean	211.40	209.75	99.23

引物组合 Primer combination	总带数 Total No. of bands	多态带数 No. of polymorphic bands	多态带比例 Percentage of polymorphic bands (%)
E-AAG/M-CAC	182	182	100.00
E-AAG/M-CAG	192	189	98.43
E-ACA/M-CAA	190	189	99.47
E-ACA/M-CAC	180	180	100.00
E-ACT/M-CTT	205	201	98.05
E-AGG/M-CAA	193	193	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAC	177	177	100.00
E-AGG/M-CAG	184	182	98.91
E-AGG/M-CTG	188	185	98.40
合计 Summation	1 691	1 678
平均 Mean	211.40	209.75	99.23

引物组合 Primer combination	有效等位基因数 N_e	Nei’s基因多样性指数 H	Shannon多态性信息指数 I
E-AAG/M-CAC	1.500 1	0.337 9	0.453 5
E-AAG/M-CAG	1.456 4	0.318 6	0.430 2
E-ACA/M-CAA	1.473 2	0.322 5	0.431 3
E-ACA/M-CAC	1.494 9	0.335 0	0.450 0
E-ACT/M-CTT	1.432 9	0.302 2	0.406 1
E-AGG/M-CAA	1.491 9	0.336 7	0.453 6
E-AGG/M-CAC	1.501 4	0.342 4	0.461 9
E-AGG/M-CAG	1.445 2	0.311 2	0.419 9
E-AGG/M-CTG	1.444 5	0.314 2	0.424 2
平均 Mean	1.471 2	0.324 5	0.436 7