EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FORMS ON ENDOGENOUS PLANT HORMONES CONTENT IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF WHEAT AFTER ANTHESIS

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2006.0127

Abstract

Abstract:

Background and Aims Applying different forms of nitrogen is an important method to regulate nitrogen metabolism of wheat. Endogenous plant hormones play an important role in grain filling of wheat. The objectives of this study were to 1) elucidate the effects of nitrogen forms on endogenous hormones content in roots, flag leaves and grains of wheat after anthesis, and 2) find nitrogen application methods for the wheat cultivar `Yumai 49'.

Methods Pot experiments utilizing a sandy loam soil and wheat cultivar 'Yumai 49' were completed during 2003-2005. Nitrogen forms were CONH₄-N (urea), NH₄-N(NH₄HCO₃) and NO₃-N(NaNO₃), and nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) was applied in CONH₄-N and NH₄-N treatments. Spikes of wheat which flowered on same day were marked and roots, flag leaves and grains were sampled at fixed dates. Each sample weighed 0.5 g FW and was stored at -40 ℃. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine the content of IAA, GA₃, ABA and ZR.

Key Results Compared with NO₃-N treatment, GA₃ content in CONH₄-N treated flag leaves and IAA and ABA content in grains were higher 5-15 days after anthesis, and the grain-filling rate (GFR) was higher in this period. GA₃ content in CONH₄-N treated roots, IAA and GA₃ content in flag leaves, and ABA content in grains were higher, IAA content in grains was lower 15-25 days after anthesis, and the GFR was lower in this period. Compared with NO₃-N treatment, ZR content in grains was higher 5 days after anthesis in all NH₄-N treatments. IAA and ABA content in grains was lower about 15 days after anthesis, and the GFR was lower in this period. ZR and GA₃ content in roots, IAA and GA₃ content in flag leaves, and ABA and GA₃ content in grains were lower, ABA content in flag leaves and IAA content in grains were higher 15-25 days after anthesis and the GFR was higher in this period. Compared with NO₃-N treatment, the grain weight of wheat was significantly greater in NH₄-N treatment, and grain yield was increased significantly either in NH₄-N or CONH₄-N treatments.

Conclusions This study showed that endogenous hormones in wheat responded differently to nitrogen forms after anthesis. The GFR of wheat regulated by nitrogen forms was realized through the balance of endogenous hormones in roots, flag leaves and grains. We recommend that CONH₄-N or NH₄-N mixed with DCD be applied to wheat cultivar `Yumai 49'.

Key words: Nitrogen forms, Wheat, Root, Flag leaf, Grain, Endogenous plant hormones content

MA Zong-Bin, WANG Xiao-Chun, HE Jian-Guo, MA Xin-Ming. EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FORMS ON ENDOGENOUS PLANT HORMONES CONTENT IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF WHEAT AFTER ANTHESIS[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2006, 30(6): 991-997.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2006.0127

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2006/V30/I6/991

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Effects of nitrogen forms on grain-filling rate of wheat

Fig.2 Effects of nitrogen forms on IAA content in different organs of wheat

Fig.3 Effects of nitrogen forms on GA3 content in different organs of wheat

Fig.4 Effects of nitrogen forms on ABA content in different organs of wheat

Fig.5 Effects of nitrogen forms on ZR content in different organs of wheat

Table 1 Effects of nitrogen forms on wheat grain yield and yield components

处理 Treatments	成穗数 Spikes (spike· pot^-1)	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒重 1 000- grain weignt(g)	产量 Yield (g· pot^-1)
酰胺态氮CONH₄-N	71.00^a	34.89^b	45.83^ab	113.54^a
铵态氮NH₄-N	61.33^b	38.33^a	47.13^a	110.80^a
硝态氮NO₃-N	63.33^b	36.95^ab	43.86^b	102.64^b

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