Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 231-242.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00231
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SU Hong-Xin*(), BAI Fan, LI Guang-Qi
Received:
2011-08-15
Accepted:
2011-12-23
Online:
2012-08-15
Published:
2012-02-28
Contact:
SU Hong-Xin
SU Hong-Xin, BAI Fan, LI Guang-Qi. Seasonal dynamics in leaf area index in three typical temperate montane forests of China: a comparison of multi-observation methods[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(3): 231-242.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00231
Fig. 1 Mean monthly air temperatures and monthly precipitation (mean ± SD) during 1993 to 2010 from the meteorological station (39°58′ N, 115°26′ E, 1 150 m a.s.l.) adjacent to study site.
森林类型 Forest type | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 坡向 Slope aspect | 坡度 Slope | 乔木密度1) Tree density1) (ind.·hm-2) | 胸断面积 Area at breast height (m2) | 树高(平均值± 标准偏差) Tree hight (mean ± SD) (m) | 主要乔木树种 Main tree species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
落叶阔叶林 DBH | 1 200 | 28° | 35° NW | 2 333 | 23.41 | 7.9 ± 1.4 | 蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica 黑桦 Betula dahurica 五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono |
落叶针叶林 DNF | 1 200 | 26° | 40° NW | 3 294 | 24.51 | 10.4 ± 1.1 | 华北落叶松 Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii |
常绿针叶林 ENF | 1 150 | 30° | 60° NE | 1 333 | 25.16 | 10.9 ± 0.3 | 油松 Pinus tabuliformis |
Table 1 Basic information of three permanent sample plots
森林类型 Forest type | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 坡向 Slope aspect | 坡度 Slope | 乔木密度1) Tree density1) (ind.·hm-2) | 胸断面积 Area at breast height (m2) | 树高(平均值± 标准偏差) Tree hight (mean ± SD) (m) | 主要乔木树种 Main tree species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
落叶阔叶林 DBH | 1 200 | 28° | 35° NW | 2 333 | 23.41 | 7.9 ± 1.4 | 蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica 黑桦 Betula dahurica 五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono |
落叶针叶林 DNF | 1 200 | 26° | 40° NW | 3 294 | 24.51 | 10.4 ± 1.1 | 华北落叶松 Larix gmelinii var. principis-rupprechtii |
常绿针叶林 ENF | 1 150 | 30° | 60° NE | 1 333 | 25.16 | 10.9 ± 0.3 | 油松 Pinus tabuliformis |
树种 Tree species | 比叶面积 Specific leaf area (SLA) | ||
---|---|---|---|
平均值±标准偏差 Mean ± SD | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | |
蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica | 125.65 ± 21.86 | 94.98 | 143.89 |
黑桦 Betula dahurica | 164.12 ± 17.73 | 149.60 | 194.55 |
五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono | 204.98 ± 22.67 | 175.48 | 239.25 |
白桦 Betula platyphylla | 163.23 ± 11.83 | 151.33 | 177.25 |
糠椴 Tilia mandshurica | 197.20 ± 24.16 | 175.15 | 234.68 |
黄花柳 Salix caprea | 177.27 ± 8.66 | 166.79 | 189.41 |
北京花楸 Sorbus discolor | 209.77 ± 45.76 | 138.85 | 249.46 |
青杨 Populus cathayana | 200.40 ± 20.07 | 165.61 | 215.14 |
胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica | 158.25 ± 21.51 | 131.84 | 182.76 |
花曲柳 Fraxinus chinensis subsp. rhynchophylla | 203.52 ± 29.37 | 174.36 | 244.55 |
蒿柳 Salix schwerinii | 135.01 ± 14.11 | 120.44 | 156.46 |
大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa | 197.48 ± 38.30 | 134.71 | 237.68 |
裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata | 221.15 ± 22.56 | 187.21 | 248.75 |
其他阔叶树 Other broad-leaved species | 181.39 ± 36.68 | 94.98 | 249.46 |
Table 2 Specific leaf area (SLA, cm2 ·g-1) for main tree species
树种 Tree species | 比叶面积 Specific leaf area (SLA) | ||
---|---|---|---|
平均值±标准偏差 Mean ± SD | 最小值 Minimum | 最大值 Maximum | |
蒙古栎 Quercus mongolica | 125.65 ± 21.86 | 94.98 | 143.89 |
黑桦 Betula dahurica | 164.12 ± 17.73 | 149.60 | 194.55 |
五角枫 Acer pictum subsp. mono | 204.98 ± 22.67 | 175.48 | 239.25 |
白桦 Betula platyphylla | 163.23 ± 11.83 | 151.33 | 177.25 |
糠椴 Tilia mandshurica | 197.20 ± 24.16 | 175.15 | 234.68 |
黄花柳 Salix caprea | 177.27 ± 8.66 | 166.79 | 189.41 |
北京花楸 Sorbus discolor | 209.77 ± 45.76 | 138.85 | 249.46 |
青杨 Populus cathayana | 200.40 ± 20.07 | 165.61 | 215.14 |
胡桃楸 Juglans mandshurica | 158.25 ± 21.51 | 131.84 | 182.76 |
花曲柳 Fraxinus chinensis subsp. rhynchophylla | 203.52 ± 29.37 | 174.36 | 244.55 |
蒿柳 Salix schwerinii | 135.01 ± 14.11 | 120.44 | 156.46 |
大果榆 Ulmus macrocarpa | 197.48 ± 38.30 | 134.71 | 237.68 |
裂叶榆 Ulmus laciniata | 221.15 ± 22.56 | 187.21 | 248.75 |
其他阔叶树 Other broad-leaved species | 181.39 ± 36.68 | 94.98 | 249.46 |
Fig. 2 Seasonal dynamics of canopy element clumping index based on digital hemispherical photograph. A, deciduous broad-leaved forest. B, deciduous needle-leaved forest. C, evergreen needle-leaved forest. CC, canopy element clumping index based on gap size; CLX, canopy element clumping index based on both gap fraction and gap size distribution; LX, canopy element clumping index based on gap fraction.
Fig. 3 Seasonal dynamics of effective leaf area index (LAIe) measured by three kinds of instruments (mean ± SD). A, deciduous broad-leaved forest. B, deciduous needle-leaved forest. C, evergreen needle-leaved forest. CI-110, CI-110 plant canopy analyzer. DHP, digital hemispherical photograph. LAI- 2000, LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer.
Fig. 4 Seasonal dynamics of leaf area index (LAI) (mean ± SD). A, deciduous broad-leaved forest. B, deciduous needle-leaved forest. C, evergreen needle-leaved forest. 1, CI-110 plant canopy analyzer. 2, digital hemispherical photograph. 3, LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer. CC, LAI by correction method based on the gap size clumping index; CLX, LAI by correction method both based on the gap fraction and gap size distribution clumping index; Col, LAI by direct measurement based on litter collection; LX, LAI by correction method based on the gap fraction clumping index.
林型 Forest type | 月份 Month | LAICol | CI-110冠层分析仪 CI-110 plant canopy analyzer | 半球摄影法 Digital hemispherical photograph | LAI-2000冠层分析仪 LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAIe | LAICC | LAILX | LAICLX | LAIe | LAICC | LAILX | LAICLX | LAIe | LAICC | LAILX | LAICLX | |||||
落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad- leaved forest | MJ | - | *** | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | ||
JO | *** | N | N | * | * | N | N | * | * | N | *** | * | * | |||
落叶针叶林 Deciduous needle- leaved forest | MJ | - | * | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | ||
JO | *** | * | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | * | * | *** | * | |||
常绿针叶林 Evergreen needle- leaved forest | MJ | - | * | * | * | * | N | * | * | N | * | * | * | N | ||
JO | *** | N | N | *** | * | * | N | * | * | * | N | * | * |
Table 3 Variance analysis of effective leaf area index (LAIe) and leaf area index (LAI)
林型 Forest type | 月份 Month | LAICol | CI-110冠层分析仪 CI-110 plant canopy analyzer | 半球摄影法 Digital hemispherical photograph | LAI-2000冠层分析仪 LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAIe | LAICC | LAILX | LAICLX | LAIe | LAICC | LAILX | LAICLX | LAIe | LAICC | LAILX | LAICLX | |||||
落叶阔叶林 Deciduous broad- leaved forest | MJ | - | *** | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | ||
JO | *** | N | N | * | * | N | N | * | * | N | *** | * | * | |||
落叶针叶林 Deciduous needle- leaved forest | MJ | - | * | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | ||
JO | *** | * | * | *** | * | *** | * | *** | * | * | * | *** | * | |||
常绿针叶林 Evergreen needle- leaved forest | MJ | - | * | * | * | * | N | * | * | N | * | * | * | N | ||
JO | *** | N | N | *** | * | * | N | * | * | * | N | * | * |
Fig. 5 Comparison of effective leaf area index (LAIe) and reconstructed LAI by direct measurement based on litter collection (LAICol) (mean ± SD). A, Deciduous broad-leaved forest. B, Deciduous needle-leaved forest. C, Evergreen needle-leaved forest. CI-110, CI-110 plant canopy analyzer; DHP, digital hemispherical photograph; LAI-2000, LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer.
Fig. 6 Comparison of leaf area indexes (LAI) between by optical instruments and reconstruction based on litter collection (LAICol) (mean ± SD). A, Deciduous broad-leaved forest. B, Deciduous needle-leaved forest. C, Evergreen needle-leaved forest. 1, CI-110 plant canopy analyzer. 2, Digital hemispherical photograph (DHP). 3, LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer. CC, LAI by correction method based on the gap size clumping index; CLX, LAI by correction method both based on the gap fraction and gap size distribution; LX, LAI by correction method based on the gap fraction clumping effect index.
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[1] | LIU Zhi-Li, JIN Guang-Ze, ZHOU Ming. Measuring seasonal dynamics of leaf area index in a mixed conifer-broadleaved forest with direct and indirect methods [J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2014, 38(8): 843-856. |
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