Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 1728-1738.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2022.0339
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CHEN Lin-Kang1,2, ZHAO Ping1, WANG Ding1,2, XIANG Rui1, LONG Guang-Qiang1,*()
Received:
2022-08-22
Accepted:
2022-10-31
Online:
2023-12-20
Published:
2022-11-02
Contact:
*(ynaulong2316@163.com)
Supported by:
CHEN Lin-Kang, ZHAO Ping, WANG Ding, XIANG Rui, LONG Guang-Qiang. Non-additive effect of mixed decomposition of maize and potato straw[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(12): 1728-1738.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2022.0339
秸秆类型 Straw type | 全氮(N)含量 Total nitrogen (N) content (g·kg-1) | 全钾含量 Total potassium content (g·kg-1) | 全碳(C)含量 Total carbon (C) content (g·kg-1) | 全磷含量 Total phosphorus content (g·kg-1) | C:N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MS | 7.96 | 5.69 | 405.11 | 2.02 | 50.92 |
PS | 9.66 | 17.70 | 360.01 | 2.41 | 37.27 |
Table 1 Basic chemical properties of Zea mays (MS) and Solanum tuberosum straw (PS) before decomposition
秸秆类型 Straw type | 全氮(N)含量 Total nitrogen (N) content (g·kg-1) | 全钾含量 Total potassium content (g·kg-1) | 全碳(C)含量 Total carbon (C) content (g·kg-1) | 全磷含量 Total phosphorus content (g·kg-1) | C:N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MS | 7.96 | 5.69 | 405.11 | 2.02 | 50.92 |
PS | 9.66 | 17.70 | 360.01 | 2.41 | 37.27 |
分解环境 Decomposition environmental | pH | 土壤有机质含量 SOM content (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 TN content (g·kg-1) | 全钾含量 TK content (g·kg-1) | 全磷含量 TP content (g·kg-1) | 速效钾含量 AK content (mg·kg-1) | 速效磷含量 AP content (mg·kg-1) | 硝态氮含量 Nitrate nitrogen content (mg·kg-1) | 铵态氮含量 Ammonium nitrogen content (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
间作 Intercropping | 7.3 | 22.88 | 1.72 | 12.99 | 0.17 | 130.11 | 4.33 | 7.54 | 2.52 |
玉米单作 Maize monoculture | 7.5 | 23.64 | 1.46 | 16.44 | 0.24 | 149.84 | 4.52 | 10.76 | 2.35 |
马铃薯单作 Potato monoculture | 7.6 | 20.95 | 1.06 | 12.29 | 0.20 | 121.99 | 5.30 | 7.87 | 2.37 |
Table 2 Basic chemical properties of soils in the experiment field before straw imbedding
分解环境 Decomposition environmental | pH | 土壤有机质含量 SOM content (g·kg-1) | 全氮含量 TN content (g·kg-1) | 全钾含量 TK content (g·kg-1) | 全磷含量 TP content (g·kg-1) | 速效钾含量 AK content (mg·kg-1) | 速效磷含量 AP content (mg·kg-1) | 硝态氮含量 Nitrate nitrogen content (mg·kg-1) | 铵态氮含量 Ammonium nitrogen content (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
间作 Intercropping | 7.3 | 22.88 | 1.72 | 12.99 | 0.17 | 130.11 | 4.33 | 7.54 | 2.52 |
玉米单作 Maize monoculture | 7.5 | 23.64 | 1.46 | 16.44 | 0.24 | 149.84 | 4.52 | 10.76 | 2.35 |
马铃薯单作 Potato monoculture | 7.6 | 20.95 | 1.06 | 12.29 | 0.20 | 121.99 | 5.30 | 7.87 | 2.37 |
分解环境 Decomposition environment | 分解3个月 Decompose 3 months | 分解6个月 Decompose 6 months |
---|---|---|
间作 Intercropping | 13.97% | -0.01% |
玉米单作 Maize monoculture | 17.23% | 8.01% |
马铃薯单作 Potato monoculture | 11.27% | 13.73% |
Table 3 Non-additive effects of mixed straw under different decomposition environments
分解环境 Decomposition environment | 分解3个月 Decompose 3 months | 分解6个月 Decompose 6 months |
---|---|---|
间作 Intercropping | 13.97% | -0.01% |
玉米单作 Maize monoculture | 17.23% | 8.01% |
马铃薯单作 Potato monoculture | 11.27% | 13.73% |
Fig. 2 Change of straw decomposition rate during different periods (mean ± SD). I, maize and potato intercropping; M, maize monoculture; P, potato monoculture. MS, maize straw; PS, potato straw; XS, mixed straw. Different uppercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences in decomposition rates of the same straw between different decomposition environments; different lowercase letters indicate that the decomposition rates of different straw under the same decomposition environment are significantly different; asterisks indicate significant differences in decomposition rates among different straw types (**, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001).
指标 Index | 秸秆类型 Straw type | 分解3个月 Decompose 3 months | 分解6个月 Decompose 6 months | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | M | P | I | M | P | ||
AWCD | XS | 1.88 ± 0.08Aa | 1.57 ± 0.09Ba | 1.62 ± 0.05Ba | 0.96 ± 0.18Bab | 1.68 ± 0.17Aa | 1.71 ± 0.22Aa |
MS | 1.70 ± 0.06Aa | 1.22 ± 0.05Cb | 1.53 ± 0.03Bb | 1.23 ± 0.10Aa | 1.14 ± 0.18Ab | 1.46 ± 0.10Aab | |
PS | 1.73 ± 0.09Aa | 1.64 ± 0.06Aab | 1.50 ± 0.02Bb | 0.88 ± 0.06Bb | 0.91 ± 0.12Bb | 1.29 ± 0.03Ab | |
Simpson指数 Simpson index | XS | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Bab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa |
MS | 0.96 ± 0.00Ab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | |
PS | 0.96 ± 0.00Aab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Ba | 0.95 ± 0.00Bb | 0.95 ± 0.00Ab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | |
Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index | XS | 3.36 ± 0.00Aa | 3.33 ± 0.03Aa | 3.34 ± 0.01Aa | 3.24 ± 0.04Ba | 3.30 ± 0.02ABa | 3.34 ± 0.03Aa |
MS | 3.33 ± 0.01Ab | 3.34 ± 0.01Aa | 3.34 ± 0.02Aa | 3.27 ± 0.02Aa | 3.30 ± 0.03Ab | 3.29 ± 0.02Aa | |
PS | 3.35 ± 0.01Aab | 3.34 ± 0.01Aa | 3.32 ± 0.00Ba | 3.12 ± 0.05Bb | 3.21 ± 0.01Ab | 3.29 ± 0.04Aa |
Table 4 Average well color development (AWCD), Simpson index and Shannon-Wiener index of straw decomposing microorganism cultured for 120 h (mean ± SD)
指标 Index | 秸秆类型 Straw type | 分解3个月 Decompose 3 months | 分解6个月 Decompose 6 months | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | M | P | I | M | P | ||
AWCD | XS | 1.88 ± 0.08Aa | 1.57 ± 0.09Ba | 1.62 ± 0.05Ba | 0.96 ± 0.18Bab | 1.68 ± 0.17Aa | 1.71 ± 0.22Aa |
MS | 1.70 ± 0.06Aa | 1.22 ± 0.05Cb | 1.53 ± 0.03Bb | 1.23 ± 0.10Aa | 1.14 ± 0.18Ab | 1.46 ± 0.10Aab | |
PS | 1.73 ± 0.09Aa | 1.64 ± 0.06Aab | 1.50 ± 0.02Bb | 0.88 ± 0.06Bb | 0.91 ± 0.12Bb | 1.29 ± 0.03Ab | |
Simpson指数 Simpson index | XS | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Bab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa |
MS | 0.96 ± 0.00Ab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | |
PS | 0.96 ± 0.00Aab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | 0.96 ± 0.00Ba | 0.95 ± 0.00Bb | 0.95 ± 0.00Ab | 0.96 ± 0.00Aa | |
Shannon-Wiener指数 Shannon-Wiener index | XS | 3.36 ± 0.00Aa | 3.33 ± 0.03Aa | 3.34 ± 0.01Aa | 3.24 ± 0.04Ba | 3.30 ± 0.02ABa | 3.34 ± 0.03Aa |
MS | 3.33 ± 0.01Ab | 3.34 ± 0.01Aa | 3.34 ± 0.02Aa | 3.27 ± 0.02Aa | 3.30 ± 0.03Ab | 3.29 ± 0.02Aa | |
PS | 3.35 ± 0.01Aab | 3.34 ± 0.01Aa | 3.32 ± 0.00Ba | 3.12 ± 0.05Bb | 3.21 ± 0.01Ab | 3.29 ± 0.04Aa |
Fig. 3 Utilization ratio of single carbon group by straw decomposing microorganisms. AA, amino acid; AM, amine; CA, carboxylic acid; CH, carbohydrate; PA, phenolic compound; PM, polymer. I, intercropping of maize and potato; M, maize monocropping; P, potato monocropping. MS, maize straw; PS, potato straw; XS, mixed straw.
Fig. 4 Utilization ratio of single carbon group for different straw types (A, B) and under different decomposition environment (C, D) (mean ± SD). Different lowercase letters indicate that the content of the same carbon source varies significantly among different treatments (p < 0.05). AWCD, average well color development. AA, amino acid; AM, amine; CA, carboxylic acid; CH, carbohydrate; PA, phenolic compound; PM, polymer. I, intercropping of maize and potato; M, maize monocropping; P, potato monocropping. MS, maize straw; PS, potato straw; XS, mixed straw.
Fig. 5 Heat map of correlation between straw decomposition rate and each carbon group. SDR, straw decomposition rate. AA, amino acid; AM, amine; CA, carboxylic acid; CH, carbohydrate; PA, phenolic compound; PM, polymer. MS, maize straw; PS, potato straw; XS, mixed straw. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.
Fig. 6 Random forest regression model analysis on the main driving factors for decomposition rates of potato straw, maize straw and mixed straw. |mean square error| ≥ 3.0% factor was shown in the figure. MS, maize straw; PS, potato straw; XS, mixed straw. AN, ammonium nitrogen content; AP, available phosphorus content; DGA, D-galacturonic acid; DL, D,L-a-glycerol; DOC, dissolved organic carbon content; DX, D-xylose; GL, glycogen; GP, glucose-1-phosphate; I-a, I-alginol; NADG, N-acetyl-D-glucamine; NN, nitrate nitrogen content. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.
Fig. 7 Structural equation model of the effects of soil properties, carbon group and straw carbon nitrogen ratio (C:N) on decomposition rates (SDR) of mixed straw (A), maize straw (B) and potato straw (C). Solid lines represent negative (blue) and positive (red) correlations, respectively, dashed lines indicate that the correlation is not significant. AN, ammonium nitrogen content; DOC, dissolved organic carbon content; NN, nitrate nitrogen content. MD, microbial functional diversity, expressed by Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index; CH, carbohydrate, expressed by I-alginol (I-a) and D, L-a-glycerin (DL); CG, carbon group. GFI, goodness-of-fit index; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. PCA1, the first principal components of D-xylose, N-acetyl-D-glucamine, glucose-1-phosphate, D-galacturonic acid and hepatic sugar in potato straw.
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