Abstract: The paper describes the main components and their structural characteristics in the ecosystem of alpine meadow and their ecological dependent correlation between the trophic structure, vertical structure, horizontal pattern and the intrinsic and extrinsic-factors forming this ecological dependent correlation. The ecosystem of alpine meadow is one in low functional efficiency due to the phytobiocenose belonging to the short-grass type of low productivity. This type is result adapting the alpine critical physical conditions. The ecological balance of ecosystem has been destroying from the economic activities of mankind and the destruction of pest-insects and pestrodents. Furthermore, we have analyse some reasons producting these factors which will provide with the theoretical base for the rational utilization, protection and improvement of the ecosystem of alpine meadow.