Using Strauss-Hardcore model to detect vessel spatial distribution in angiosperms with various vessel configurations

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0083

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims Spatial patterns of vessel in xylem are diverse and closely related with water transportation functions in angiosperms. However, the pattern was generally described qualitatively in anatomy, which were unable to reveal their links to xylem functions and to species distribution. We used point pattern analysis to study vessel spatial pattern in xylem cross-sectional images to quantify their features.

Methods Images of 17 types of vessel configurations were selected in terms of wood porosity, vessel arrangement, and vessel grouping. Optimum Strauss-Hardcore models for coordinates in the images were fitted. Correlations among vessel variables and model coefficients were tested.

Important findings We found that (1) Strauss-Hardcore model fitted all the data well and its three parameters, i.e., hardcore distance, local aggregation distance, and point-pair interaction or point aggregation index, and had apparent biological significance. (2) Classifications of wood xylem by traditional anatomical indices could not precisely present the spatial pattern of vessels compared to spatial point analysis, and local aggregation index from Strauss-Hardcore model was mainly influenced by vessel grouping, especially frequency of radial multiples and vessel clusters. (3) Among the 17 vessel patterns analyzed, diffusive or semi-ring species with xylem consisting of solidary vessels showed negative point-pair interaction and aggregation index was less than 0.4, whereas species with obvious vessel arrangement and multiple or clusters of vessel grouping in xylem owned positive point-pair interaction and bigger aggregation index. (4) The former group of species demonstrated inhibition- inhibition-random pattern at three local scales while the latter species showed inhibition-aggregation-random pattern according to the fitted Strauss-Hardcore models. The findings showed that point process modeling could precisely describe vessel distribution features in 2-D xylem sections and provide insights on vessel development. Therefore, this method may support 3-D vessel system simulation and experimental studies on structure-function of angiosperm xylem.

Key words: xylem vessel, spatial point pattern, Ripley's K function, Strauss-Hardcore model

ZHENG Jing-Ming, LIU Hong-Yu. Using Strauss-Hardcore model to detect vessel spatial distribution in angiosperms with various vessel configurations[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2021, 45(9): 1024-1032.

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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0083

https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/Y2021/V45/I9/1024

Figures/Tables 3

References 30

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模型 Model	点-过程特点 Point-process characteristic	适用范围 Scenario for model application
空间泊松模型 Poisson model	空间点位置完全随机 Complete spatial randomness of points	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 随机分布特征 Single scale, single vessel identity, random distribution
硬核模型 Hardcore model	相邻点间距低于硬核距离则不能存在 Neighbor point is forbidden at distance smaller than hardcore distance	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 均匀分布特征 Single scale, single vessel identity, uniform distribution
施特劳斯模型 Strauss model	相邻点间距越小则出现概率越低 Neighbor points have lower probability with smaller distance between them	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 聚集分布特征 Single scale, single vessel identity, aggregation distribution
盖耶饱和模型 Geyer saturation model	任一点全部分布概率不超过特定值 Probability of each point is restrained at specific threshold value	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 聚集分布特征, 受导管密度影响 Single scale, single vessel identity, aggregation distribution, influenced by total vessel density
多类型硬核模型 MultiHardcore model	点属性2类以上的硬核模型 Hardcore model with more than two point identities	单一尺度, 两类以上导管属性(如早、晚材导管, 单、复导管等), 同类导管均匀分布特征 Single scale, more than two vessel identities (e.g., vessel for early- and latewood, single vessel and multiple vessel), uniform distribution for each identity
多类型施特劳斯模型 MultiStrauss model	点属性2类以上的施特劳斯模型 Strauss model with more than two point identities	单一尺度, 两类以上导管属性, 同类导管聚集分布特征 Single scale, more than two vessel identities, aggregation distribution for each identity
斯特劳斯-硬核模型 Strauss-Hardcore model	一个硬核模型和一个施特劳斯模型的组合 A combination of a Strauss model and a Hardcore model	两个尺度, 单一属性的导管, 均匀-聚集分布特征 Two scales, single two vessel identity, uniform-aggregation distribution
多类型施特劳斯-硬核模型 MultiStrauss-Hardcore model	点属性2类以上的斯特劳斯-硬核模型 Strauss-Hardcore model with more than two point identities	两个尺度, 两类以上导管属性, 同类导管不同尺度上呈均匀和聚集分布特征 Two scales, more than two vessel identities, uniform-aggregation distribution
组合式盖耶模型 Piecewise Geyer model	组合模型, 可包括多个盖耶饱和子模型、硬核子模型和施特劳斯子模型 A hybrid model including multiple sub-models such as Strauss model, Hardcore model, and Geyer saturation model	多个尺度, 单一属性的导管, 均匀和聚集分布特征, 受导管总密度影响 More than two scales, single vessel identity, uniform-aggregation distribution, influenced by total vessel density

模型 Model	点-过程特点 Point-process characteristic	适用范围 Scenario for model application
空间泊松模型 Poisson model	空间点位置完全随机 Complete spatial randomness of points	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 随机分布特征 Single scale, single vessel identity, random distribution
硬核模型 Hardcore model	相邻点间距低于硬核距离则不能存在 Neighbor point is forbidden at distance smaller than hardcore distance	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 均匀分布特征 Single scale, single vessel identity, uniform distribution
施特劳斯模型 Strauss model	相邻点间距越小则出现概率越低 Neighbor points have lower probability with smaller distance between them	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 聚集分布特征 Single scale, single vessel identity, aggregation distribution
盖耶饱和模型 Geyer saturation model	任一点全部分布概率不超过特定值 Probability of each point is restrained at specific threshold value	单一尺度, 单一导管属性, 聚集分布特征, 受导管密度影响 Single scale, single vessel identity, aggregation distribution, influenced by total vessel density
多类型硬核模型 MultiHardcore model	点属性2类以上的硬核模型 Hardcore model with more than two point identities	单一尺度, 两类以上导管属性(如早、晚材导管, 单、复导管等), 同类导管均匀分布特征 Single scale, more than two vessel identities (e.g., vessel for early- and latewood, single vessel and multiple vessel), uniform distribution for each identity
多类型施特劳斯模型 MultiStrauss model	点属性2类以上的施特劳斯模型 Strauss model with more than two point identities	单一尺度, 两类以上导管属性, 同类导管聚集分布特征 Single scale, more than two vessel identities, aggregation distribution for each identity
斯特劳斯-硬核模型 Strauss-Hardcore model	一个硬核模型和一个施特劳斯模型的组合 A combination of a Strauss model and a Hardcore model	两个尺度, 单一属性的导管, 均匀-聚集分布特征 Two scales, single two vessel identity, uniform-aggregation distribution
多类型施特劳斯-硬核模型 MultiStrauss-Hardcore model	点属性2类以上的斯特劳斯-硬核模型 Strauss-Hardcore model with more than two point identities	两个尺度, 两类以上导管属性, 同类导管不同尺度上呈均匀和聚集分布特征 Two scales, more than two vessel identities, uniform-aggregation distribution
组合式盖耶模型 Piecewise Geyer model	组合模型, 可包括多个盖耶饱和子模型、硬核子模型和施特劳斯子模型 A hybrid model including multiple sub-models such as Strauss model, Hardcore model, and Geyer saturation model	多个尺度, 单一属性的导管, 均匀和聚集分布特征, 受导管总密度影响 More than two scales, single vessel identity, uniform-aggregation distribution, influenced by total vessel density