Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 1341-1349.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0147

• Research Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of environmental variables on the species composition and distribution patterns of wild orchids in Hainan Island

ZUO Yong-Ling1, YANG Xiao-Bo1,*(), LI Dong-Hai1, WU Er-Huan2, YANG Ning3, LI Long1, ZHANG Pei-Chun1, CHEN Lin1, LI Chen-Di1   

  1. 1School of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    2School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    3College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
  • Received:2021-04-19 Accepted:2021-08-26 Online:2021-12-20 Published:2021-10-15
  • Contact: YANG Xiao-Bo
  • Supported by:
    Special Survey of Wild Orchid Resources of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration(2020070707);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760170)

Abstract:

Aims Hainan Island is an area with high species richness of orchids in China. Understanding the impact of environmental variables on the composition and distribution patterns of wild orchids in Hainan Island is critical for the protection and management of wild orchid species and relevant research in the region.

Methods Based on the data of vegetation type, altitude, aspect, slope, mean annual air temperature and precipitation of wild orchids in Hainan Island, this study detected the relationship between species composition and environmental variables by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), calculated the gross and net effects on species composition for each environmental variable by partial CCA. The effects of different gradients of six environmental variables on the distribution pattern of wild orchids were analyzed.

Important findings The six selected environmental variables explained 3.7% of the variation in the composition of wild orchid plants in Hainan Island. The total and net effects of the six environmental factors including vegetation type, altitude, mean annual air temperature, precipitation, slope aspect, and slope gradient reached a significant level, but their effect intensities decreased successively. The selected six environmental variables all have an impact on the distribution of wild orchids in Hainan Island. Wild orchids in Hainan Island are mainly distributed in areas with the middle altitude, the shady and semi-shady slopes with the slope gradient of 5°-35°, and the environment with low mean annual air temperature and high mean annual precipitation. They are most distributed in native vegetation.

Key words: orchids, environmental variables, species composition, distribution patterns, Hainan Island