Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology >
Leaf and fine root economics spectrum across 49 woody plant species in Wuyi Mountains
Received date: 2020-08-14
Accepted date: 2021-01-26
Online published: 2021-04-07
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071555);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31722007);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971643);National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0505400);Fujian Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(2018J07003)
Aims The plant economics spectrum would explain the trade-off strategies of vascular plants between resource acquisition and resource storage, and provide a scientific basis for understanding the mechanisms of niche differentiation and species coexistence.
Methods In this study, we measured leaf/root traits of 49 woody plants species in Wuyi Mountains, including individual leaf area (ILA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf carbon content (LCC), leaf nitrogen content (LNC) and leaf phosphorus content (LPC), root tissue density (RTD), specific root length (SRL), specific root surface area (SRA), root carbon content (RCC), root nitrogen content (RNC) and root phosphorus content (RPC). Then, we detected if the leaf and fine root economics spectrum of the plants exist, and analyzed the differences of the plant economics spectrum between evergreen and deciduous species.
Important findings The results showed that along the PC1 axis, a leaf economics spectrum (LES), a root economics spectrum (RES) and a whole-plant economics spectrum (WPES) can be defined, respectively. Most of the evergreen species were on the conservative side, while deciduous species, on the acquisitive side of the economics spectrum. There were significant positive correlations among the scores of leaf PC1, root PC1 and whole-plant PC1. In the relationships, evergreen and deciduous species shared common scaling exponents, but common scaling constants lack, revealing that the leaf and root strategies of the subtropical species are coordinated toward the integration of WPES. The evergreen and deciduous species distributed at different sides of the economics spectrum are in different ways to construct the WPES.
WANG Zhao-Ying, CHEN Xiao-Ping, CHENG Ying, WANG Man-Tang, ZHONG Quan-Lin, LI Man, CHENG Dong-Liang . Leaf and fine root economics spectrum across 49 woody plant species in Wuyi Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2021 , 45(3) : 242 -252 . DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0280
| [1] | Aerts R (1995). The advantages of being evergreen. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 10, 402-407. |
| [2] | Aerts R (1999). Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanisms, trade-offs and plant-soil feedbacks. Journal of Experimental Botany, 50, 29-37. |
| [3] | Bai KD, Mo L, Liu M, Zhang DN, He CX, Wan XC, Jiang DB (2015). Nutrient resorption patterns of evergreen and deciduous tree species at different altitudes on Mao’er Mountain, Guangxi. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 35, 5776-5787. |
| [3] | [白坤栋, 莫凌, 刘铭, 张德楠, 何成新, 万贤崇, 蒋得斌 (2015). 广西猫儿山不同海拔常绿和落叶树种的营养再吸收模式. 生态学报, 35, 5776-5787.] |
| [4] | Baraloto C, Timothy Paine CE, Poorter L, Beauchene J, Bonal D, Domenach AM, Hérault B, Pati?o S, Roggy JC, Chave J (2010). Decoupled leaf and stem economics in rain forest trees. Ecology Letters, 13, 1338-1347. |
| [5] | Chabot BF, Hicks DJ (1982). The ecology of leaf life spans. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 13, 229-259. |
| [6] | Chapin III FS (1980). The mineral nutrition of wild plants. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 11, 233-260. |
| [7] | Chen GS, Hobbie SE, Reich PB, Yang YS, Robinson D (2019). Allometry of fine roots in forest ecosystems. Ecology Letters, 22, 322-331. |
| [8] | Chen YT, Xu ZZ (2014). Review on research of leaf economics spectrum. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 1135-1153. |
| [8] | [陈莹婷, 许振柱 (2014). 植物叶经济谱的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 38, 1135-1153.] |
| [9] | Cornelissen JHC, Lavorel S, Garnier E, Díaz S, Buchmann N, Gurvich DE, Reich PB, ter Steege H, Morgan HD, van der Heijden MGA, Pausas JG, Poorter H (2003). A handbook of protocols for standardised and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Australian Journal of Botany, 51, 335-380. |
| [10] | Craine JM, Lee WG (2003). Covariation in leaf and root traits for native and non-native grasses along an altitudinal gradient in New Zealand. Oecologia, 134, 471-478. |
| [11] | Craine JM, Lee WG, Bond WJ, Williams RJ, Johnson LC (2005). Environmental constraints on a global relationship among leaf and root traits of grasses. Ecology, 86, 12-19. |
| [12] | de la Riva EG, Tosto A, Pérez-Ramos IM, Navarro-Fernández CM, Olmo M, Anten NPR, Mara?ón T, Villar R (2016). A plant economics spectrum in Mediterranean forests along environmental gradients: is there coordination among leaf, stem and root traits? Journal of Vegetation Science, 27, 187-199. |
| [13] | Díaz S, Cabido M, Casanoves F (1998). Plant functional traits and environmental filters at a regional scale. Journal of Vegetation Science, 9, 113-122. |
| [14] | Díaz S, Kattge J, Cornelissen JHC, Wright IJ, Lavorel S, Dray S, Reu B, Kleyer M, Wirth C, Colin Prentice I, Garnier E, B?nisch G, Westoby M, Poorter H, Reich PB, et al. (2016). The global spectrum of plant form and function. Nature, 529, 167-171. |
| [15] | Ding JX, Kong DL, Zhang ZL, Cai Q, Xiao J, Liu Q, Yin HJ (2020). Climate and soil nutrients differentially drive multidimensional fine root traits in ectomycorrhizal-dominated alpine coniferous forests. Journal of Ecology, 108, 2544-2556. |
| [16] | Eissenstat DM, Yanai RD (1997). The ecology of root lifespan. Advances in Ecological Research, 27, 1-60. |
| [17] | Fortunel C, Fine PVA, Baraloto C (2012). Leaf, stem and root tissue strategies across 758 Neotropical tree species. Functional Ecology, 26, 1153-1161. |
| [18] | Freschet GT, Cornelissen JHC, van Logtestijn RSP, Aerts R (2010). Evidence of the “plant economics spectrum” in a subarctic flora. Journal of Ecology, 98, 362-373. |
| [19] | Freschet GT, Cornwell WK, Wardle DA, Elumeeva TG, Liu WD, Jackson BG, Onipchenko VG, Soudzilovskaia NA, Tao JP, Cornelissen JHC (2013). Linking litter decomposition of above- and below-ground organs to plant-soil feedbacks worldwide. Journal of Ecology, 101, 943-952. |
| [20] | Funk JL, Cornwell WK (2013). Leaf traits within communities: context may affect the mapping of traits to function. Ecology, 94, 1893-1897. |
| [21] | Geng Y, Wang L, Jin DM, Liu HY, He JS (2014). Alpine climate alters the relationships between leaf and root morphological traits but not chemical traits. Oecologia, 175, 445-455. |
| [22] | Givnish TJ (2002). Adaptive significance of evergreen vs. deciduous leaves: solving the triple paradox. Silva Fennica, 36, 703-743. |
| [23] | Grime JP, Thompson K, Hunt R, Hodgson JG, Cornelissen JHC, Rorison IH, Hendry GAF, Ashenden TW, Askew AP, Band SR, Booth RE, Bossard CC, Campbell BD, Cooper JEL, Davison AW, et al. (1997). Integrated screening validates primary axes of specialisation in plants. Oikos, 79, 259-281. |
| [24] | He YY, Guo SL, Wang Z (2019). Research progress of trade-off relationships of plant functional traits. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 43, 1021-1035. |
| [24] | [何芸雨, 郭水良, 王喆 (2019). 植物功能性状权衡关系的研究进展. 植物生态学报, 43, 1021-1035.] |
| [25] | Isaac ME, Martin AR, de Melo Virginio Filho E, Rapidel B, Roupsard O, van den Meersche K (2017). Intraspecific trait variation and coordination: root and leaf economics spectra in coffee across environmental gradients. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1196. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01196. |
| [26] | Kong DL, Wang JJ, Kardol P, Wu HF, Zeng H, Deng XB, Deng Y (2016). Economic strategies of plant absorptive roots vary with root diameter. Biogeosciences, 13, 415-424. |
| [27] | Kong DL, Wang JJ, Wu HF, Valverde-Barrantes OJ, Wang RL, Zeng H, Kardol P, Zhang HY, Feng YL (2019). Nonlinearity of root trait relationships and the root economics spectrum. Nature Communications, 10, 2203. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10245-6. |
| [28] | Li FL, Hu H, McCormlack ML, Feng DF, Liu X, Bao WK (2019). Community-level economics spectrum of fine-roots driven by nutrient limitations in subalpine forests. Journal of Ecology, 107, 1238-1249. |
| [29] | Li JH, Peng GQ, Yang DM (2017). Effect of stem length to stem slender ratio of current-year twigs on the leaf display efficiency in evergreen and deciduous broadleaved trees. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 41, 650-660. |
| [29] | [李俊慧, 彭国全, 杨冬梅 (2017). 常绿和落叶阔叶物种当年生小枝茎长度和茎纤细率对展叶效率的影响. 植物生态学报, 41, 650-660.] |
| [30] | Liu GF, Freschet GT, Pan X, Cornelissen JHC, Li Y, Dong M (2010). Coordinated variation in leaf and root traits across multiple spatial scales in Chinese semi-arid and arid ecosystems. New Phytologist, 188, 543-553. |
| [31] | Liu L, Ge JL, Shu HW, Zhao CM, Xu WT, Shen GZ, Xie ZQ (2019). C, N and P stoichiometric ratios in mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forests in Shennongjia, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 43, 482-489. |
| [31] | [刘璐, 葛结林, 舒化伟, 赵常明, 徐文婷, 申国珍, 谢宗强 (2019). 神农架常绿落叶阔叶混交林碳氮磷化学计量比. 植物生态学报, 43, 482-489.] |
| [32] | Liu XZ, Fang FS (2001). Scientific Survey of the Wuyishan Nature Reserve in Jiangxi. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. |
| [32] | [刘信中, 方福生 (2001). 江西武夷山自然保护区科学考察集. 中国林业出版社, 北京.] |
| [33] | Lusk CH, Reich PB, Montgomery RA, Ackerly DD, Cavender- Bares J (2008). Why are evergreen leaves so contrary about shade? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 23, 299-303. |
| [34] | Ma ZQ, Guo DL, Xu XL, Lu MZ, Bardgett RD, Eissenstat DM, McCormack ML, Hedin LO (2018). Evolutionary history resolves global organization of root functional traits. Nature, 555, 94-97. |
| [35] | Mao W, Li YL, Zhang TH, Zhao XY, Huang YX, Song LL (2012). Research advances of plant leaf traits at different ecology scales. Journal of Desert Research, 32, 33-41. |
| [35] | [毛伟, 李玉霖, 张铜会, 赵学勇, 黄迎新, 宋琳琳 (2012). 不同尺度生态学中植物叶性状研究概述. 中国沙漠, 32, 33-41.] |
| [36] | Medeiros JS, Burns JH, Nicholson J, Rogers L, Valverde- Barrantes O (2017). Decoupled leaf and root carbon economics is a key component in the ecological diversity and evolutionary divergence of deciduous and evergreen lineages of genus Rhododendron. American Journal of Botany, 104, 803-816. |
| [37] | Méndez-Alonzo R, Paz H, Zuluaga RC, Rosell JA, Olson ME (2012). Coordinated evolution of leaf and stem economics in tropical dry forest trees. Ecology, 93, 2397-2406. |
| [38] | Monk CD (1966). An ecological significance of evergreenness. Ecology, 47, 504-505. |
| [39] | Pérez-Ramos IM, Roumet C, Cruz P, Blanchard A, Autran P, Garnier E (2012). Evidence for a “plant community economics spectrum” driven by nutrient and water limitations in a Mediterranean rangeland of southern France. Journal of Ecology, 100, 1315-1327. |
| [40] | Poorter H, Lambers H, Evans JR (2014). Trait correlation networks: a whole-plant perspective on the recently criticized leaf economic spectrum. New Phytologist, 201, 378-382. |
| [41] | Prieto I, Roumet C, Cardinael R, Dupraz C, Jourdan C, Kim JH, Maeght JL, Mao Z, Pierret A, Portillo N, Roupsard O, Thammahacksa C, Stokes A (2015). Root functional parameters along a land-use gradient: evidence of a community- level economics spectrum. Journal of Ecology, 103, 361-373. |
| [42] | Qu P, Xing YJ, Wang QG (2018). Research progress of plant economic spectrum. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 34, 88-94. |
| [42] | [曲鹏, 邢亚娟, 王庆贵 (2018). 植物经济谱研究进展. 中国农学通报, 34, 88-94.] |
| [43] | Reich PB (2014). The world-wide “fast-slow” plant economics spectrum: a traits manifesto. Journal of Ecology, 102, 275-301. |
| [44] | Reich PB, Ellsworth DS, Walters MB, Vose JM, Gresham C, Volin JC, Bowman WD (1999). Generality of leaf trait relationships: a test across six biomes. Ecology, 80, 1955-1969. |
| [45] | Reich PB, Tjoelker MG, Walters MB, Vanderklein DW, Buschena C (1998). Close association of RGR, leaf and root morphology, seed mass and shade tolerance in seedlings of nine boreal tree species grown in high and low light. Functional Ecology, 12, 327-338. |
| [46] | Reich PB, Walters MB, Ellsworth DS (1997). From tropics to tundra: global convergence in plant functioning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94, 13730-13734. |
| [47] | Reich PB, Wright IJ, Cavender-Bares J, Craine JM, Oleksyn J, Westoby M, Walters MB (2003). The evolution of plant functional variation: traits, spectra, and strategies. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 164, S143-S164. |
| [48] | Roumet C, Birouste M, Picon-Cochard C, Ghestem M, Osman N, Vrignon-Brenas S, Cao KF, Stokes A (2016). Root structure-function relationships in 74 species: evidence of a root economics spectrum related to carbon economy. New Phytologist, 210, 815-826. |
| [49] | Tang QQ, Huang YT, Ding Y, Zang RG (2016). Interspecific and intraspecific variation in functional traits of subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forests. Biodiversity Science, 24, 262-270. |
| [49] | [唐青青, 黄永涛, 丁易, 臧润国 (2016). 亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林植物功能性状的种间和种内变异. 生物多样性, 24, 262-270.] |
| [50] | Tjoelker MG, Craine JM, Wedin D, Reich PB, Tilman D (2005). Linking leaf and root trait syndromes among 39 grassland and savannah species. New Phytologist, 167, 493-508. |
| [51] | van Ommen Kloeke AEE, Douma JC, Ordo?ez JC, Reich PB, van Bodegom PM (2012). Global quantification of contrasting leaf life span strategies for deciduous and evergreen species in response to environmental conditions. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 21, 224-235. |
| [52] | Venables WN, Smith DM, The R Core Team (2019). An introduction to R. Notes on R: a programming environment for data analysis and graphics. Version 3.6.0 RC (2019-04- 24). [2019-04-27]. http://ydl.oregonstate.edu/pub/cran/doc/manuals/r-patched/R-intro.pdf. |
| [53] | Wang M, Wan PC, Guo JC, Xu JS, Chai YF, Yue M (2017). Relationships among leaf, stem and root traits of the dominant shrubs from four vegetation zones in Shaanxi Province, China. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution, 63, 25-32. |
| [54] | Warren CR, Adams MA (2004). Evergreen trees do not maximize instantaneous photosynthesis. Trends in Plant Science, 9, 270-274. |
| [55] | Warton DI, Weber NC (2002). Common slope tests for bivariate errors-in-variables models. Biometrical Journal, 44, 161-174. |
| [56] | Warton DI, Wright IJ, Falster DS, Westoby M (2006). Bivariate line-fitting methods for allometry. Biological Reviews, 81, 259-291. |
| [57] | Westoby M, Falster DS, Moles AT, Vesk PA, Wright IJ (2002). Plant ecological strategies: some leading dimensions of variation between species. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 33, 125-159. |
| [58] | Withington JM, Reich PB, Oleksyn J, Eissenstat DM (2006). Comparisons of structure and life span in roots and leaves among temperate trees. Ecological Monographs, 76, 381-397. |
| [59] | Wright IJ, Reich PB, Cornelissen JHC, Falster DS, Groom PK, Hikosaka K, Lee W, Lusk CH, Niinemets ü, Oleksyn J, Osada N, Poorter H, Warton DI, Westoby M (2005). Modulation of leaf economic traits and trait relationships by climate. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 14, 411-421. |
| [60] | Wright IJ, Reich PB, Westoby M, Ackerly DD, Baruch Z, Bongers F, Cavender-Bares J, Chapin T, Cornelissen JHC, Diemer M, Flexas J, Garnier E, Groom PK, Gulias J, Hikosaka K, et al. (2004). The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature, 428, 821-827. |
| [61] | Xiao D, Wang XJ, Zhang K, He NP, Hou JH (2016). Effects of nitrogen addition on leaf traits of common species in natural Pinus tabuliformis forests in Taiyue Mountain, Shanxi Province, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 40, 686-701. |
| [61] | [肖迪, 王晓洁, 张凯, 何念鹏, 侯继华 (2016). 氮添加对山西太岳山天然油松林主要植物叶片性状的影响. 植物生态学报, 40, 686-701.] |
| [62] | Yu HY, Chen YT, Xu ZZ, Zhou GS (2014). Analysis of relationships among leaf functional traits and economics spectrum of plant species in the desert steppe of Nei Mongol. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 38, 1029-1040. |
| [62] | [于鸿莹, 陈莹婷, 许振柱, 周广胜 (2014). 内蒙古荒漠草原植物叶片功能性状关系及其经济谱分析. 植物生态学报, 38, 1029-1040.] |
| [63] | Zhao YT, Ali A, Yan ER (2017). The plant economics spectrum is structured by leaf habits and growth forms across subtropical species. Tree Physiology, 37, 173-185. |
| [64] | Zheng CY, Liu ZL, Fang JY (2004). Tree species diversity along altitudinal gradient on southeastern and northwestern slopes of Mt. Huanggang, Wuyi Mountains, Fujian, China. Biodiversity Science, 12, 63-74. |
| [64] | 郑成洋, 刘增力, 方精云 (2004). 福建黄岗山东南坡和西北坡乔木物种多样性及群落特征的垂直变化. 生物多样性, 12, 63-74.]. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
