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Table of Content
    Volume 16 Issue 1
    10 January 1992
      
    Research Articles
    Coenological Analysis of Five Man-made Forests on Down-land in Heshan, Guangdong Province
    Peng Shao-lin, Yu Zuo-yue, Zhang Wen-qi, Zeng Xiao-ping
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  1-10. 
    Abstract ( 2118 )   PDF (572KB) ( 855 )   Save
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    In this paper, the five man-made forest in Heshan Subtropical Downland and the ecological factors are compared and evaluated on the basis of biomass, productivity, species structure, vertical distribution structure and dynamics.Acacia mangium forest and A. auriculeaformis forest grow quickly in the poor down-land, they are good poineer trees. Pinus massoniana forest and P. elliotii forest grow well in the area, but slower than Acacia forests. It′s best way to plant clamix species mixed with the fixnitrogen species in recovery vegetation.
    The Production Test on the Purifications of Ag in Wastewater by water Hyacinth (Eich hornia crassipes) in Wuxi Cinefilm Factory
    Dai Quan-yu, Chen Yuan-gao, Zhang Hen, Pi Yu, Guo Yao-ji
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  11-16. 
    Abstract ( 2267 )   PDF (347KB) ( 774 )   Save
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    Production test on the purifications of Ag in wastewater by water hyacinth in Wuxi cinefilm factory was reported. The main results obtained are summarized as follows:

    1) The Ag removal efficiency in ditch effluent is from 98.0% to 100% (i. e. trace)with 49 hr. edtention.

    2) The COD removal efficiency in ditch effluent is 54.58%.

    3) The turbidity removal rate in ditch effluent is 68.9%.

    4) The NH4+–N, PO43– are 45.55% and 34.3%.

    5) The results showed that the purification procedure of aquatic plant is successful. This method has been adopted to treat wastewater contaminated with Ag in Wuxi cinefilm factory, replacing the previous procedure of actived carbon and O3. The new purification measure saved the factory 125000 Yuan annually

    Decay Leaves Microbial Variations in Process of Natural Decomposition of Leaves Litter for Mangroves (Kandelia candel Forest) in Jiulongjiang River Estuary, Fujian
    Zhuang Tie-cheng, Lin Peng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  17-25. 
    Abstract ( 2546 )   PDF (606KB) ( 776 )   Save
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    This paper describes research on change of the decay leaf microorganisms and leaf-litter decomposition in process of natural decomposition by man-made initation in Kandelia mangroves of Jiulongjiang River Fsturay.The results showed that:

    1.Total amounts of microorganisms of the decay leaves varies significantly during the decomposition process, all along the bacterial amounts was preponderance. The amounts of bacterial increase from 200 × 104 to 8800 × 104ind./ g.d.w, with decomposition time of leaves. That accounted for 96 to 99% of total amounts of microorganisms (including three grounp of bacteria, actinomyces and filamentous fungi etc. ) which showed the bacteria as major microorganisms in leaf-litter decomposition.

    2.The ammonifying bacteria preponderate in number from 26× 104 to 180 × 104 (ind./g.d.w.in various physiologic group of microorganisms; whereas nitrite bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and celluase decomposing microorganisms were (ind./g.d.w) 0.03×104 to 0.24×104, 0.03×104 to 0.10 ×104 and 1.14× 10 to 7.33×10 respectively. This showed that the ammonifying bacteria was the major physiologic group of organic mineralization. Ammonification, nitrification and denitrifying were the accompying processes with increasing intensity as time elapsed which reflect the features of marsh. The amounts of cellulose decomposing microorganisms had changed exceptional, population increased at earlier stage of decomposition until the fourth week to the its peck value, and decreased thereafter. The microbial activation testing result showed the similar trends in the change of microbial physiologic group mentioned above.

    3. The leaf-litter decomposition speed proceeded rapidly. One week after the drop of the leaves on the soil surface, one quarter of the organic matters was decomposed and half-decomposition time was about 6 weeks. The contents of soluble sugar and total phosphorus decreased, but total nitrogen increased in remainder leaves.

    The Study on Secondary Succession of Evergreen Broadleaved Forests on Jinyun-Mountain, The Dynamics of Communities and Dominant Populations
    Liu Yu-cheng, Miao Shi-li
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  26-35. 
    Abstract ( 2186 )   PDF (878KB) ( 1148 )   Save
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    The density and pattern dynamics of communities and dominant populations for secondary successional seral communities of evergreen broadleaved forests on Jinyun Mountain are studied on the basis of the size class and mean squreblock size graphs using variance analysis ,comparison with the size-structure, size-survivorship during succession. The sequence of dominant populations occur during succession. The dominant species might be divided into three types: pinoeer succession species, pinoeer climax, species, climax species. All of them progressively develop a whole set of size class. It is shown that the size-structure of Imperata association and Masson pine forest are similar to those of single Masson pine population. The structure of the former has only Ⅰ and Ⅱ classes, and that the latter looks like a inverted pyramid except for class Ⅴ. Both mixed needle and broadleaved forest and Schima forest have a typical pyramid with whole size classes. However, they are essentially different in contents. And the pyramid of Castanopsis is somewhat irregular.The size-survivorship curves of communities are vary from an inverted J-shape in Masson pine forest at the initial period to more or less a straightline later. The patterns of population mainly show continous distribution, although they vary with succession. Most of them coorrespond to the pattern of seedlings (I and II class), while the tree classes show largely randomness distribution. It is illustrated that in the course of succession the scale of the smallest pattern increases controlled by the characteristics of plants, wheresa the environmental pattern changes in the following aspects: 1. due to the variation in the type of pattern, the scale and pattern raise and fall corresponding to the growth, mature, and decline of populations; 2. even if the type of pattern does not change, but (a) the scale increases and the intensity descreases (e. g. Schima); (b) both scale and intensity increases (e. g. Neloitsea). The scale and intensity of pattern of soil depth and moisture for seral communities do not parallel with each other. The distribution of higher classes of some populations is related to the depth of soils.
    The Quantitative Classification and Ordination of Haibei Alpine Meadow
    Zhang Yan-qing, Zhou Xing-min
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  36-42. 
    Abstract ( 2183 )   PDF (523KB) ( 951 )   Save
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    Quantitative classification and ordination were applied to the plant communities in the region of Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem open experimental Station. The results have shown that: when correlation coefficient R= 0.85, sixty-four plots were divided into twenty-three types of plant communities every type of which has distinctive characteristics in structure, species composition, ecological conditions and geographical distribution. The results of ordination showed that coordinates of plant communities have close relation with altitude, soil temperature and soil potential.
    Studies on Phenology and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Scirpus mariqueter Population
    Zhang Li-quan, Yong Xue-kui
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  43-51. 
    Abstract ( 3985 )   PDF (500KB) ( 800 )   Save
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    Scirpus mariqueter community is a primary vegetation occuring on seabeach salt marshes, the distribution of which in Shanghai is more than 200,000 Mu. This study, the phenology and spatial distribution pattern of Scirpus mariqueter populations, was carried out at a seabeach salt marsh in Donghai Farm, Nanhui county, Shanghai. According to the altitude of salt marsh and the growing status of Scirpus mariqueter populations, three zones could be recognized, that is, zone A, the ectone of Scirpus mariqueter and Phragmites australis; zone B, the optimum area for Scirpus mariqueter population growth; zone C, the colonizing area of Scirpus mariqueter population. There were obvious differences in the phenology of Scripus mariqueter populations,due to the different habitat conditions in three zones. From the zones A to C, the spatial distribution patterns of Scirpus mariqueter populations appeared in order as random, regular and clumped or random. The distribution patterns were changed in spatial positions along with their changes in time, which also reflected the reformative roles of Scirpus mariqueter populations on the habitats of seabeach salt marshes.
    Age Structure and Regeneration Characteristics of Pinus densifolia Forest in the Su Cheng Reserve of the Yuntai Mountains in Jiangsu Province
    Wei Hong-tu, Gary L. Walker, He Shan-an, Yang Zhi-bin, Wu Lin, Yin Hong-sheng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  52-63. 
    Abstract ( 2620 )   PDF (654KB) ( 1110 )   Save
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    Su cheng Ecological Reserve is located within the Yuntai Mountains in the coastal region of northeastern Jiangsu Province. Five typical vegetation types, including hardwoods, conifer and bamboo forests have been reported from permanent plots established in this reserve. Pinus densiflora is the dominant species of the conifer forests and reaches its southern-east distribution boundary in China at the Yuntai Mountains, where the vegetation is mainly composed of North-temperate and Pantropic components. A lot of East Shandong species extrend southward to this location. It is reported as being highly susceptible to infestations of the pine wood nematode which is presently causing severe damage in pine forests of China, Japan and other countries.Among canopy trees size class distributions following an inverse J-shaped curve were observed. Nearly 100% mortality of seedlings was observed past the first year following germination. Approximately half the subcanopy and six percent of canopy trees present were dead. Linear regression analysis of the relationship between age and diameter was significant. The model of population age structure shows:

    Y = 1. 5829 x 104e-0.0618X

    which Y is the number of survivers at time x in stems/0.4ha. X is the age of the population. The use of population age distribution set up the static life table of Pinus densiflora. This information suggests that this population has sustained consistent growth from seedlings recruitment. High mortality of seedlings and young saplings under the closed canopy of this forest indicates that reproduction has been very slow, probably from gap replacement. The present age structure of this stablized population is apparently due to competition within a naturally established forest, in combination with physiographic, edaphic and climatic factors. Absence of nematode infestation is attributed to the high annual precipitation, higher altitude and the relatively low mean annual temperature of the Yuntai Mountains, as well as the disjunct distribution of these populations and relatively different flora components.

    A Study on the Biomass of Metasequoia glyptostroboides plantation in Zhebei Plain
    Gao Zhi-hui, Jiang Guo-hong, Xing Ai-jin, Yu Ming-rong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  64-71. 
    Abstract ( 2099 )   PDF (456KB) ( 952 )   Save
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    A preliminary research on the biomass and production of Metasequoia glyptostroboides in north plain of Zhejiang Province is presented here. The biomass of M. glyptostroboides was observed by “average standard tree” method.

    The following regression equations were derived from the standing crop of the destructive trees:

    lgWs=-1.3693+0.84281g(O2H), InWb=-0.2238 + 0.1434D,

    lnWl=-0.7865 + 0.1137D, IgWa=-1.0967 + 0.8026 (D2H)

    lgWr=-1.4455 + 2.08871gD, lgWt=-0.8168 + 2.1549lgD.

    The results obtained show that the biomass increased with time, and the increasing rate slowed down after 18 years-old. The biomass in stand was larger than in shelterbelt. The constitution ratios varied with time The net production leaf area index(LAI) and the utilization rate of solar energy increased with time, with 17.51t/ha·a, 9.1 and 0.77% as typical values respectively in age of 18 years. The net photosynthetic rate of leaf (NPR) was maximum in the fast growing period and was least in the declining period. When NPR decreased fast, the stand was cut over and regenerated.

    The Accumulation and Distribution of Heavy Metal in Typha latifolia From the Pb/Zn Mine Waste Water
    Ye Zhi-hong, Chen Gui-zhu, Lan Chong-yu, Li Liu-chuan
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  72-79. 
    Abstract ( 2373 )   PDF (456KB) ( 1073 )   Save
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    With the analysis of the water, the soil and Typha latifolia′s tissue in the purification pond system and in the control, this paper indicated that Typha latifolia has an excellent ability in tolerance, absorption and assimilating Pb and Zn. The accumulation and distribution are as follows: The order of heavy metals concentration such as Pb and Zn in different parts of T. latifolia from high to low is (1) root, rhizoma, leaf; (2) elder rhizoma, younger one. Similarly the order of Pb amount in the leaf from high to low is elder, mature, tender, At the purification pond system, the highest accumulation in T. latifolia root is Pb, with Zn, Cu, Cd, Ni and Mn in the decending order.
    Multivariate Linear Model for Distribution of Plant Community and Environment
    Xia Bing, Liu Fang-xun, Huang Zhi-yuan
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  80-87. 
    Abstract ( 2056 )   PDF (458KB) ( 781 )   Save
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    A model which deals with the distribution of Jiangsu coastal solonchalk vegetation and environmental conditions within the conservation area of precious birds was proposed using the theory of multivariate linear model, according to the relationship between the types of community and the three-dimensional ordination of principal components analysis(PCA). The results indicated that the model can correctly describe the patterns of the community distribution and make the explanation of the ordinational axes of PCA more clear and easy.
    The Preliminarily Investigation on the Vertical Distribution of the Forest Vegetation on Hualongshan Mountain, Shaanxi Province
    Wang Kai-yun
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1992, 16 (1):  88-96. 
    Abstract ( 2163 )   PDF (466KB) ( 739 )   Save
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    In this paper, the characteristics of the vertical distribution of the forest vegetation on Hualongshan Mountain was discussed. According to the altitudinal distribution of main woody-plant communities, using the methods of quantitative classification and the analysis combining the ecological physiognomy and floristic composition of various altitude, three vertical zones of forest vegetation may be identified:

    1. The evergreen and deciduous broad-leaf mixed forest zone below 1600m.

    2. The deciduous broad-leaf forest zone (1600–2200m).

    3. The submountain coniferous forest zone (2200–2917m).


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