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Table of Content
    Volume 13 Issue 4
    10 April 1989
      
    Research Articles
    The Feature and Rule of Formation of Aboveground Biomass of Stipa grandis Steppe
    Wang Yi-feng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  297-308. 
    Abstract ( 2044 )   PDF (681KB) ( 897 )   Save
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    The rule of aboveground biomass growth of the Stipa grandis steppe, shows a single peak form. This feature fits the climate of Central Asia with distinct cold and hot seasons, and the corresponding time of hot and rainy season. In the growing season, there are about 160–170 days for photosynthesis. The peak value of aboveground biomass and the peak growth hight appear at the same time, and this shows an obvious correlation(R = 0. 959). The highest growth rates of both appear 30–50 days ahead of their peaks. But their high relative growth rates are in early spring. Although the biomass is different from year to year, but in the composition of biomass, the proportion’s of grasses and forage are alway the same. After cutting in early spring (May), the reproductive biomass is at its height. Viewed from the sum of biomass and reproductive biomass at different times, the cutting midsummer (July) affects most exerts the the productivity of the steppe. The production of the plants under 40cm high makes up 85–90% of the total biomass.
    Distribution and Succession of Vegetation in the Sandy Zone of the Baiyinxile Livestock Farm, Xilinguole League
    Xiao Xiang-ming
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  309-316. 
    Abstract ( 2225 )   PDF (514KB) ( 979 )   Save
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    Vegetation in the sand zone of the Baiinxile Livestock Farm of Xilingol Steppe Natural Reserve was investigated during 1985–1986. The paper describes the distribution and succession of vegetation in tile sand zone,

    1. Vegetation in the sand zone shows mosaic patterns of open forests-brushwood-steppe in its western part and of closed forests-brushwood -steppe in its eastern part. There exists a vegetation ecological series from west to east as the elevation increases. The Principal Component Analysis of the vegetation highlights the fact that it is the gradient of stability of sand dunes and the gradient of soil water content that control the distribution patterns of the plant communities in the sand zone;

    2. Succession of primary vegetation in the sand zone is described, The successional stage coincides with the process of sand-dune fixation. The stability of plant communities is highly correlated to the stability of sand dunes. As the soil water content and heat vary with the variation of topography, the succession of vegetation has the sunlight-slope sere and the shade-slope sere, the former developing towards forests and the latter towards steppe.

    3. As regards the use and conservation of vegetation resources in the sand zone, 6 suggestions are put forward.

    The Effect of Cutting on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Aneurolepidium chinense
    Du Zhan-chi, Yang Zong-gui
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  317-324. 
    Abstract ( 2001 )   PDF (433KB) ( 794 )   Save
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    The influences of various cutting positions on the photosynthetic rate of Aneurolepidium chinense were different, The photosynthetic rate of the leaf of aftermath increased markedly after cutting the whole plant, the photosynthetic rate for the remaining leaves of the lower position rose after cutting the leaves of the upper position. The photosynthetic rate for the remaining rear half of the leaf was basically stable after the front half of it was cut.
    Seasonal Variations of Nutritional Composition of 9 Range Plants in Stipa grandis Steppe
    Chen Zuo-zhong, Huang De-hua
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  325-331. 
    Abstract ( 2276 )   PDF (457KB) ( 787 )   Save
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    The seasonal variations in the N, P, K, Fe and ash contents of 9 range plants were studied by half-monthly samplings from the same site in the Stipa grandis steppe at the Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station (GERS) from May to October, 1981.Trends in crude protein(CP)and P were similar in grass and nongrass plants. Highest concentrations occurred at the ends of May and June, and the lowest in October, The seasonal variations were related with the growth rhythm of plant. Because precipitation affects the growth rhythm of plant, so it influences the seasonal variations of nutritional composition. The ash variations are different for grass and woody plant. The variations of grass belong to the concentrated type and its concentration in the later stage is less than in the earlier one; but the variations of woody plant is too so marked, There is authentic regression interrelation between the crude protein Concentration and the phosphorus concentration. The P concentration of harvested grass is lower because its concentration in harvest period was low.
    A Comparative Study of the Community Photosynthesis of Aneurolepidium chinense and stipa grandis
    Qi Qiu-hui, Sheng Xiu-wu, Jiang Shu, Jin Qi-hong, Hong Liang
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  332-340. 
    Abstract ( 2129 )   PDF (526KB) ( 860 )   Save
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    In natural condition, the diurnal and seasonal changes in the photosynthetic rates of Aneurolepidium chinense and Stipa grandis were measured by means of a simulation chamber. The chief results obtained are as follows:

    1.The types of diurnal changes in the photosynthetic rates of Aneurolepidium chinense and Stipa grandis all showed double peak curves. The high peak appeared in the morning and afternoon respectively. But the peak values in the morning always were higher than those of the afternoon.

    2.The trends of seasonal changes in the diurnal net photosynthesis of two the communities were similar; The diurnal net photosynthetic rate increased rapidly from the period of turning green to the beginning of July, their maxmum values were 31.68 and ll.5gCO2/m2d respectively, and after then they gradually decreased.

    3.The photosynthesis abilities of the plants, the values of the peaks and their appearance times, the fall range of photosynthesis at noon and the characteristic of the seasonal changes etc. of the two communities were closely correlated with the characteristics of the plants growth and environmental conditions.

    4.The instantaneous photosynthetic rate, diurnal net photosynthesis, LAI and biomass of the Aneurolepidium chinense community were higher than those of the Stipa grandis one,but under poor(drought) environmental conditions, the increase of the photosynthesis of Stipa grandis was less than under good conditions.

    5.Stipa grandis community was more drought resistant than Aneurole pidium chinense commumity, but its productivity increase under good conditions was less.

    Studies on the Relationships between Distribution of Orthopterans and Vegetation Types in the Xilin River Basin District, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
    Kang Le, Li Hong-chang, Chen Yong-lin
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  341-349. 
    Abstract ( 2151 )   PDF (518KB) ( 827 )   Save
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    In this paper,the distribution of 59 species of Orthopter and 16 types of habitat in the Xilin River Basin district were studied by popular numerical calssification (Hierachial clustering method). The environmental condition and on-the-spot inverstigation was also used in interpreting the clustering results. The clustering diagram (Fig. 1) shows that 16 habitats of Orthoptera can be classified into 5 habitat forms and 2 habitat sub-forms, namely typical steppe form, meadow steppe form, sand dune vegetation form of shade-slope, abandoned field form and meadow form (including salt meadow sub-form and marsh meadow sub-form). 59 species of Orthoptera can be classified into 10 ecological species group (Fig. 2 ), in which each one has a similar or the same habitat selection. The authors of this paper think that vegetation types and moisture condition are the main factors influencing the distribution of Orthopterans in the district. Both the taxonmic composition and physical structure of vegetation are found to play an important role in the species richness of orthoptera.In addition, the ecological indictor importance of some orthopterans was demonstrated. The influence of grassland cultivation on fauna of Orthoptera was discussed.
    Relationships between Meso-Microfauna and Organic Matter of Soil in the Steppe Ecosystem in the Middle Reaches of Xilin River
    He Dong-mei, You Wen-hui, Li Xi-he, Wang Jian-guo, Song Xing-an, Liu Yong-jiang
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  350-358. 
    Abstract ( 2238 )   PDF (433KB) ( 890 )   Save
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    In this paper, the relationships between meso-microfauna and soil ecological factors in various types of vegetation were discussed. The major results are as follows,

    1. Vertical and horizontal quantity distributions of mesomicrofauna in the different habitats were not only conditioned by a certain single ecological factor,but were also the result of the combined effect of many ecological factors.

    2. There were different relations between the meso-microfauna and the organic matter content of soil in different ecological conditions.

    3. The vertical quantity distribution of the meso-microfauna in the sandy land of Festuca dahurica grassland depended probably upon changes of soil temperature. That is why the sandy land has a particular pattern.

    4. The responses of the meso-microfauna to the man-made changes of the ecological factors were sensitive in the grassland ecosystem.

    The Microbiological Effect and Decomposition of Litter of Aneurolepidium chinense and Stipa grandis
    Liao Yang-nan, Zhao Ji, Zhang Gui-zhi
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  359-366. 
    Abstract ( 2165 )   PDF (464KB) ( 1206 )   Save
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    This paper is a perliminary study of the decomposition of litter of the Xilinguole grassland major plants Aneurolepidium chinense and Stipa grandis and the dynamic changes of biomass of various of decaring microorganisms, and the effect of soil biology with decomposing litter.

    The study results shows:

    1. The decomposing rate of litter of Aneurolepidium chinense and Stipa grandis stems and leaves is comparatively slow. The weight loss rates were respectively 15.9%, 16.9% and 21.5% on soil aboveground; In soil underground they were 21.4%, 23.5% and 26.5% in the past two years. And the decomposing rate became more and more slow with the passage of time. The decomposing rate of litter in soil underground is higher than that on the soil aboveground.

    2.In the process of decomposition of litter,the biomass of the various groups of microorganims increased markedly. Compared with microbial biomass sticking to the surface of litter, progress increase ranged from 10 to 300 times.

    3. The ratio of the carbon content to the nitrogen content of the rotting residues decreased with the progress of decomposition.

    4. Decomposition of litter could stimulate the increase of microbiological activity in soils of different depths, and an increase of soil organic content as well.

    A Compatative Study on Relation between photosynthetic Rate of Aneurolepidium chinense and stipa grandis and Air Temperature at their Different Periods of Growth
    Yang Zong-gui, Du Zhan-chi
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  367-371. 
    Abstract ( 2377 )   PDF (324KB) ( 883 )   Save
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    This paper focuses on the relation between photosynthetic rates and air temperature in A. chinense and S. grandis in the beginning, the peak and the late period of their growth. The results are as follows.For A.chinense,the relation between photosynthetic rate and temperature shows a curve of cubic function,wheweas for S.grandis it is a curve of quartic function. Compared with A.chinense,the compensation point of photosynthesis at lower temperature in S.grandis is higher,and at higher temperature,this value is lower in S.grandis than in A.chinense. But the slopes for the two curves show little difference. At different growth stages, the indices for photosynthesis mentioned above show a little change. They reach the highest values of compensation point of photosynthesis at higher temperature and the optimal temperature at the peak growth stage. Compared with the beginning stage, these values for the late growth stage are lower.At the half-saturation and near-saturation points, the air temperature of photosynthetic rate is highest in peak growth stage. At the other two stages, the late stage is lower than the beginning for the two species in the decreasing section of the curve and in increasing section of the curve for S. grandis, it is the same with the decreasing section, but for A. chinense,it is just the opposite.
    The Elemental Characteristics of the Root System of Plants of the Sandy Land of Pasture, Inner Mongolia
    Huang De-hua, Chen Zuo-zhong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  372-378. 
    Abstract ( 2139 )   PDF (323KB) ( 878 )   Save
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    The elemental characterstics of the root system of plants of the sand land of pasture of Inner Mongolia are reported in this paper.These results show that the average contents of N, P, K, Si, Na, Fe and ash in 51 species of plant root system are 1.08%, 0.104%, 0.686%, 0.811%, 0.049%, 0.030% and 6.41% respectively. The average contents of N, P, K, Na and ash in the root system are lower than those in the plant system above ground, for same element, but the contents of Si and Fe in the two systems are the reverse: the contents of these tow elements in the aboveground system being lower than those in the root system. vely interrelated.
    Research on Improving Degenerative Steppe and Methods for increasing Productivity of the Steppe Region
    Chen Min, Bao Yin togeto
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  379-386. 
    Abstract ( 2133 )   PDF (414KB) ( 898 )   Save
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    The treatments used by the authors are as follows, enclosure, light harrowing ploughing light harrowing after planting and ploughing before planting Aneurolepidium chinense and mixed legume plants on the degenerative steppe in Inner Mongolia. We want to find an effective method in order to improve the degenerative steppe and recover its productivity. After 5 years’experimenting with the above treatments, we found they were effective methods for improving degenerative steppe, especially effective were enclosure, polughing and ploughing before planting A. Chinense.
    Determination of the Seasonal Changes of the Biological Nitrogen-Fixation Activity of Different Plants in the Xilingoule Grassland Inner Mongolia
    Guan Xiu-qing, Du Qian-you, Wang Ji-wei
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  387-391. 
    Abstract ( 2399 )   PDF (268KB) ( 899 )   Save
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    This paper deals with the determination of the seasonal changes in the nodule nitrogen-fixation activity of eight species of plants in the chestnut soil zone in the Xilingoule grassland of Inner Mongolia. The results show that mainly due to the changes in temperature and moisture in the soil, the nodule nitrogen-fixing activity of the different plants show obvious seasonal changes. The highest takes place in summer, the average value being up to 529.6nmol·C2H4/min·g, and the lowest takes place in autumn, the value in spring being only about 10 percent of that in summer.Different plants have different characters of nitrogen-fixing activity. Medicago facata has the highest nitrogen-fixing activity among the eight species of plants. Trigonella ruthenica and Astragalus absurgens have rather low activity at their early stage, becoming relatively high later. Caragana mocrophylla and Hippophae rhamnoides have the lowest nitrogen-fixing activity among the eight species.
    An Introduction on the Book《Methology of Grassland Ecology》
    Jie Ming
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (4):  392-392. 
    Abstract ( 1807 )   PDF (101KB) ( 842 )   Save
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