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Table of Content
    Volume 13 Issue 1
    10 January 1989
      
    Research Articles
    The potential Evapotranspiration (PE) Index for Vegetation and Vegetation-Classification (I) ——An Introduction of Main Methods and PEP Program
    Chang Hsin-shih
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  1-9. 
    Abstract ( 2650 )   PDF (465KB) ( 1209 )   Save
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    The one of the task of plant community research is environmental interpretation for communities. The quantitative analysis of vegetation-climatic relationships is the most important link of it. Potential evapotranspiration (PE), as the integrated parameter for the two most significant ecological factors--heat and moisture and the quantitative index which connects plants and their environment, has attracted serious attention from ecologists, geographers, and climatologists. This paper deals with several significant and successful methods for calculating PE and vegetation-climatic classifications, such as, Penman, Thornthwaite, Holdridge, and Kira, s equations or arithmetical systems. The appropriate computer programs (PEP) are attached for the convenience of the users.
    The Quantitative Characters of Organization of Forest Communities in Guangdong
    Peng Shao-lin, Zhou Hou-cheng, Chen Tian-xing, Guo Shao-cong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  10-17. 
    Abstract ( 2833 )   PDF (531KB) ( 1085 )   Save
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    The paper studies on the characters of organization of forest communities in Guangdong. The diversity and ecological dominance as well as community evenness of twenty two forest communities in Guangdong are measured on the basis of Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index as well as evenness formula. The results show that three indexes have an effect on explaining the organization level of forest community. The species diversity index of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest is about 4—5, the ecological dominance is about 0.08—0.12, the community evenness is about 0.7—0.8. According to the further research of the measured results, the relationships between three indexes and the meaning of three indexes in community study as well as the application of three indexes in foresty practice are discussed
    A Preliminary Study on the Indicative Significance of Some Plant Communities to the Soil and Ground Water in Xinjiang
    Yan Ming
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  18-27. 
    Abstract ( 2639 )   PDF (721KB) ( 1032 )   Save
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    Through two short periods (1984, 1985) of field work, the author investigated 10 plant, communities and their Soils and ground water in the Qira R. Basin of Southern Xinjiang and in the Manas R. Basin of Northern Xiniiang. The indicative significances of these 10 plant communities are as follows:1. Tamarix ramosissima is a Cl-and S-rich plant. It was also found that the soil it grows on is rich in C1- and SO42-. 2. Haloxylon ammodendron and Haloxylon persicum are similar in their chemical composition, both the Na-rich plants. The relative Na+ ion content of their soil are greater than 50% too. 3. Reaumuria soongorica. In Southern Xinjiang, this dwarf semishrub occurs on gravelly gobi of piedmont, while in Northern Xinjiang, it is found on the plain covered with loess or loessial material. The average salinity of the surface soil (0--30cm) is generally less than 1% 4. Karelinia caspica. This composite perennial is found to be a phreatophyte. The depth of the ground water table is generally 3 metres below the ground surface. It is also an S-rich plant which may be used as an indicator of higher relative content of SO42- ion in the soil. 5. Alhagi sparsifolia is a leguminosae perennial, and has a deep root system. In Southern Xinjiang, it distributes generally in depressions among sand dunes and flat sandy plains. It is an indicator of fresh ground water. The depth of ground water table lies at about 5 metres below soil surface, and the salinity of the soil is low. 6. Halimodendron halodendron. This is a phreatophyte too. In the Manas River Basin, it may indicate that the ground water table lies at a depth of 2–4m. Its ash content is rather low, and this may be due to the weak salinization of the soil. 7. Ephedra przewalskii is a dwarf shrub, mainly found in Southern Xinjiang. It distributes on sandy gravelly piedmont gobi, with brown desert soil. In the soil profile there exists an illuvium layer of gypsum. 8. Lycium ruthenicum. This solanaceae shrub is a typical halophyte. The average salinity of its soil (0—30cm) generally exceeds 2%. It is a Na-and Cl-rich plant. The relative contents of Na+ and C1-ion in the soil are rather high. 9. Artemisia parvula always occurs on slopes covered with "Kunlun loess", it is a K-rich plant, and can be used as an indicator of high content of K element in the soil.
    On the Positional Problem of the Pinus Taiwanensis Forest in the Vegetation Altitude Belts of Mt. Lushan
    Wang Liang-ping, Zhuo Zheng-da
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  28-35. 
    Abstract ( 2780 )   PDF (468KB) ( 1202 )   Save
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    The Pinus taiwanensis forest is a kind of temperate coniferous forest found only in the vertical distribution of the mountain vegetation in the subtropical area of East China. It appears on mountain slopes and ridges, from elevations of about 600—700m with upper limit of about 1750 –1900m on mountain peaks its vertical distribution range is from 800—850m above sea level to the peak. This paper deals mainly with the position of this pine forest in vegetation altitude belts of Mt. Lushan.Having analysed the habitats, flora, life form spectrum, and the syndynamic of the forest, as well as the clastotype of broadleaved forest, studied some relative materials of pollen analysis and compared Mt. Lushun with neighbouring mountains, we regard the Pinus taiwanensis forest as temperate coniferous forest although the anthropogenic influences are so powerful that it now becomes the dominant vegetation of Mt. Lushan at elevation of about 1000m, it nevertheless still belongs to the mountain deciduous broad-leaved forest belt and not to any type else.
    Characteristics of Horizontal Distribution of Fagaceae Species in Mid-Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forests of Fujian Province
    Qiu Xi-zhao, Lin Peng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  36-41. 
    Abstract ( 2574 )   PDF (358KB) ( 833 )   Save
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    Based on the data of species of Fagaceae, surveyed from 15, 000m2 of 69 plots in 12 counties and cities, in mid-subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests in northern and central Fujian Province, and of the agglomerative analysis between the similarity indexes of some counties and the different species of the family these species may be divided into two area groups, i.e. the northern Fujian area group and the central Fujian area group.According to the analysis of the different species of the family in the surveyed counties by the polar ordination method, it is clear that in the mid-subtropical zone of Fujian, they are not alike all the areas: altitute increases positively with rainfall and negatively with temperature. Therefore this shows the comprehensive effect of the geographic elements, (temperature and rainfall) on the ecological distribution of these species. Analysis of the ecological amplitudes among these trees indicates that Castanopsis eyrei, C. fargesii, C. fordii and Cyclobalanopsis glauca are broad-distribution species, but Castanopsis sclorophylla and C. jucunda are representative species of the northern Fujian area, and C. carlesii and C. kawakamii are representative species of the central Fujian area.
    Litter Dynamics and Its Return of Nutrients in Natural Birch-Korean Pine Forests
    Li Jing-wen, Liu Chuan-zhao, Ren Shu-wen, Zhan Hong-zhen
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  42-48. 
    Abstract ( 2234 )   PDF (382KB) ( 750 )   Save
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    The mean annual litter in Birch-Korean Pine forests is 5.8 t/ha (dry weight) over a 3-year study period in the Lesser Xing anling mountains. The seasonal pattern of litter exhibits a distinct autumal peak as the weather grows cold (September to October). Return of the nutrients: Ca, N, K, Mg and P elements in the litterfall per year are 67.0, 56.9, 14.8, 9.5 and 6.6 kg/ha respectively, totaling 155.0kg/ha. Nutrient content in the deciduous leaf litter is obviously greater than that determined for all other coniferous leaf litters. In spite of the fact that the annual litter of deciduous trees only amounts to about 1/3 of the total in the mixed forest, the litter leaves of deciduous trees, however Still have a fairly large percentage (43.4) of nutrients returned to the soil. Therefore, retaining some deciduous trees in forest management with Korean Pine stands would be useful for improving soil fertility and promoting stand growth.
    Effects of Temperature and Water Status on Leaf Water Potential and Leaf Growth of Several Types of Plants Grown in the Field
    Jing Jia-hai, Chen Kai, Ma Shu-shang
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  49-57. 
    Abstract ( 2814 )   PDF (453KB) ( 973 )   Save
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    The daily cycle of ψWL and LER of corn, sorghum, eggplant, cowpea, poplar and paulownia, as well as air temperature, relative humidity and soil water content, are monitored in the field. The results from experiments show that ψWL of expanding leaf exhibits a sinusoidal curve with time, with minimum value around 1300–1500 and maximum value before dawn. The lower the soil water content and the lower ψWL at noon are, the lower the ψWL will be.There are close relations between temperature and LER of corn, sorghum, poplar and paulownia under well-watering. When temperature is limited, LER is rapid at daytime and slow at night. When ψWL is very low at noon, the LER of plant leaves exhibits two peaks, one in the forenoon and the other late in the afternoon. When the soil water content is limited, greater growth of plants occurs at night.Leaf growth of eggplant and cowpea is very sensitive to water deficit, so greater growth of them takes place at night. Leaves shrink at noon under soil water deficit for the drying process.
    Study on simulated Acid Precipitation Effects on Growth and Yield of Agricultural Crops
    Cao Hong-fa, Gao Ying-xing, Shu Jian-ming, Liu Yan-yun, Cen Rui-zhang, Huang Fu-xiang, Peng Gui-ying
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  58-65. 
    Abstract ( 2452 )   PDF (494KB) ( 1167 )   Save
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    This paper deals with acid precipitation effects on growth and yield of wheat, rice, soybean and Chinese cabbage. Simulated acid precipitation contained known concentration of ions of natural acid precipitation in Southern China. The pH values of simulated acid precipitation were 5.6, 4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 2.5 and 2.0.The results indicated that visible damage threshold of soybean and Chinese cabbage was 2.5 of pH value, and the visible damage thresholds of rice and wheat were 2.0 and 3.0 pH values, respectively. Conductivity of soybean and Chinese cabbage increased with decreasing pH value of acid precipitation. A 3.5 pH value acid precipitation could cause a reduction in the chlorophyll content in Chinese cabbage, a 3.0 pH value acid precipitation could cause a reduction in the chlorophyll content in soybean and wheat. The Ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b was changed.A pH 3.5 pH value acid precipitation inhibited the growth of Chinese cabbage, and a 3.0 pH value acid precipitation inhibited the growth of wheat and soybean. A pH 3.5 pH value acid precipitation caused yield reduction of wheat and Chinese cabbage. A 3.0 pH value acid precipitation caused yield reduction of soybean. Growth and yield of rice were not affected by a 2.5 pH value acid precipitation. The yield reduction of wheat and soybean resulted from reduction of seed weight was mainly caused by acid precipitation.
    A Vegetational Survey of Valley Forests in the Pediment Plain of Altai District of Xinjiang
    Chen Xiao-ya, Yan Shun
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  66-72. 
    Abstract ( 2707 )   PDF (424KB) ( 795 )   Save
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    In the pediment plain of Altai District of Xinjiang, the temperate forest dominated by species of Populus, develop along the river-valleys. Eight formations and sixteen association groups are described in some detail by this paper, and their distribution is also briefly discussed. Among the tree species recorded in the river-valleys, seven belong to the genus of Populus(P. laurifolia, P. alba, P. canescens, P. nigra, P. jrtyschensis, P. euphratica and P. pruinosa), the others are Betula pendula, Elaeagnus oxycarpa and a few species of Salix (S.alba, S.triandra etc.). In the area where the vast land is covered by the zonal semi-desert and desert vegetation,the particular environmental conditions of the river-valley are responsible for the presence of these forests, which play significant role on the environment, agriculture and animal husbandry of the area.
    A Preliminary Study on Seed Production of Aneurolepidium chinense Population
    Yang Yun-fei, Zhu Ting-cheng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  73-78. 
    Abstract ( 2008 )   PDF (384KB) ( 748 )   Save
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    Aneurolepidium chinense is an excellent forage grass in China. The seed production of its population in different environmental conditions with artificial interference and some regularities in the quantitative change of its seed production is reported in this paper. The density is one of the limitation factors of the earing percentage of its population. The earing percentage decreases with the increase in density, assuming a power function y=dx-b in a short-term mowing plot of 604.7+147.6 stems per square metre, which is medium density, and a linear function y=a-bx in a 1ong-term mowing plot of 1640.9+104.6 stems per square metre, which is great density. The germinating percentage has a close positive correlation with 1000-seed weight. Grazing decreases the earing percentage but promotes the process of dry-matter accumulation in the seed. Long-term repeated mowing is harmful to the process of the entire sexual development of the population and even after mowing is stopped, the natural recovery of seed production is slow.
    A Preliminary Study of Salt Tolerance in Kochia scoparia var. sieversiana
    Wu Zhi-xin, Ji Jian-yong
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  79-83. 
    Abstract ( 2083 )   PDF (977KB) ( 810 )   Save
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    In this paper, the salt toterance of Kochia scoparia var. sieversiana is studied with field survey and laboratory tests. The results show: The salt solution concentration for the normal seed germination is below 8.1 atmosphere pressure ,Salinity for the normal emergence of seedlings is below 0.55% and for the normal growth and development is below 0.8% when the plant is cultivated in coastal salinized soil.The reason why this plant has stronger salt tolerance may be that it is able to absorb and accumulate a lot of mineral salts to regulate the cell osmotic potential, lowering water-potential of cells and avoiding dehydration them. Besides, this plant also has the characteristic of salt-dilution.
    Brief Introduction of Estimating Grassland Biomass Using Spectral Reflectance Data
    Chi Hong-kang
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  90-92. 
    Abstract ( 1754 )   PDF (183KB) ( 766 )   Save
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    International Symposium on Grassland Vegetation was Held in Hohhot Shi
    Yong Shi-peng
    Chin J Plan Ecolo. 1989, 13 (1):  96-97. 
    Abstract ( 1615 )   PDF (112KB) ( 615 )   Save
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