水淹频率变化对鄱阳湖增强型植被指数的影响

doi:10.17521/cjpe.2021.0033

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水淹状况是湿地植被动态的重要影响因素。该研究基于谷歌地球引擎(GEE)平台, 利用2000-03-01至2020-02-29所有覆盖研究区域的MODIS遥感影像数据, 分析20年间水淹频率(IF)、增强型植被指数(EVI)的时空变化以及湿地植被对IF变化的响应, 得出以下结论: (1) 20年来鄱阳湖水文节律发生了明显改变, 高IF (IF > 75%)水域面积呈现下降趋势, 从2000年1 435.3 km²下降至2019年的510.25 km², 降幅为64.45%; (2)区域平均EVI呈显著上升趋势, 植被扩张主要集中在中部IF下降区域; (3)分析不同总水淹频率区域中平均EVI年际变化, 发现EVI与水淹状况的变化趋势相似, 2009年之后鄱阳湖水域面积萎缩趋势缓解, EVI增长速度出现下降; (4)鄱阳湖湿地植被主要沿水域面积萎缩方向扩张, 基于像元统计20年间IF与EVI的变化趋势, 发现它们在空间分布上高度吻合, 这种空间异质性进一步证实水淹状况起到调节植被动态变化的作用。

关键词: 水淹频率, 鄱阳湖, 湿地植被, MODIS, 增强型植被指数

Abstract:

Aims Inundation frequency (IF) is an important influencing factor on dynamics of wetland vegetation. This study analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of IF and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) of wetland vegetation and their correlation in Poyang Lake, so as to maintain the stability of wetland ecosystem.

Methods In view of the significant seasonal changes of Poyang Lake, its impact on wetland vegetation needs to be analyzed with a high temporal resolution method. Based on MODIS image data from 2000-03-01 to 2020-02-29, this study mapped the annual water inundation frequency of Poyang Lake, analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of EVI under different flooding conditions, and explored the response of EVI of wetland vegetation to changes in flooding conditions.

Important findings The following conclusions are drawn: (1) The hydrological rhythm of Poyang Lake has changed significantly in the past 20 years. The water area with high inundation frequency (IF >75%) decreased from 1 435.3 km² in 2000 to 510.25 km² in 2019, with a decrement of 64.45%. (2) The regional average EVI showed a significant upward trend. Vegetation expansion was mainly concentrated in the middle region of Poyang Lake which was also the main region of IF declining. (3) By analyzing the changes of average EVI value under different total IF regions, it was found that the variation trend of IF was similar to that of EVI. After 2009, the shrinking trend of the Poyang Lake water area was alleviated, and the growth rate of EVI decreased. (4) In the past 20 years, the changing trend of IF and EVI in Poyang Lake was highly consistent in spatial distribution. Wetland vegetation was mainly expanded along the decreasing direction of water area. This spatial heterogeneity further confirms that hydrological variation plays a role in regulating vegetation dynamics.

Key words: inundation frequency, Poyang Lake, wetland vegetation, MODIS, enhanced vegetation index

文可, 姚焕玫, 龚祝清, 纳泽林, 韦毅明, 黄以, 陈华权, 廖鹏任, 唐丽萍. 水淹频率变化对鄱阳湖增强型植被指数的影响. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(2): 148-161. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0033

WEN Ke, YAO Huan-Mei, GONG Zhu-Qing, NA Ze-Lin, WEI Yi-Ming, HUANG Yi, CHEN Hua-Quan, LIAO Peng-Ren, TANG Li-Ping. Influence of inundation frequency change on enhanced vegetation index of wetland vegetation in Poyang Lake, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(2): 148-161. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0033

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0033

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I2/148

图/表 14

图1 鄱阳湖地理位置图。

Fig. 1 Location of Poyang Lake.

表1 鄱阳湖2000-2019年30 m中分辨率影像

Table 1 Images with 30 m moderate resolution of Poyang Lake in 2000-2019

年份 Year	日期 Date	传感器 Sensor
2000	2000-07-05	Landsat 7-TM
2001	2001-01-29	Landsat 7-TM
2005	2005-07-03	Landsat 7-TM
2006	2006-01-27	Landsat 7-TM
2010	2010-07-25	Landsat 5-TM
2011	2011-01-12	HJ 1A-CCD
2018	2018-07-31	Landsat 8-OIL
2019	2019-01-23	Landsat 8-OIL

图2 鄱阳湖水体识别的训练样本分布图。

Fig. 2 Training samples distribution of water body recognition of Poyang Lake.

图3 鄱阳湖水体和非水体像元光谱指数的数值分布。EVI, 增强型植被指数; NDVI, 归一化植被指数; mNDWI, 改进的归一化差异水体指数。

Fig. 3 Numerical distribution of spectral indices of water pixel and non-water pixel of Poyang Lake. EVI, enhanced vegetation index; NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index; mNDWI, modified normalized difference water index.

图4 鄱阳湖水淹频率(IF)准确性验证。

Fig. 4 Verification of inundation frequency (IF) accuracy of Poyang Lake.

图5 2000-2019年鄱阳湖水淹频率(IF)空间分布图。

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution map of inundation frequency (IF) of Poyang Lake from 2000 to 2019.

图6 2000-2019年鄱阳湖不同水淹频率(IF)区间的水域面积变化。

Fig. 6 Changes in the water area with inundation frequency (IF) of Poyang Lake in the different ranges from 2000 to 2019.

图7 2000-2019年鄱阳湖湿地植被增强型植被指数(EVI)时空变化。IF, 水淹频率。

Fig. 7 Spatial and temporal changes of enhanced vegetation index (EVI) of wetland vegetation in Poyang Lake from 2000 to 2019. IF, inundation frequency.

图8 2000-2019年鄱阳湖区域平均增强型植被指数(EVI)和高、低水淹频率水域面积变化。

Fig. 8 Change of regional mean enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and water area of high and low inundation frequency (IF) of Poyang Lake from 2000 to 2019.

图9 2000-2019年鄱阳湖总水淹频率。

Fig. 9 Total inundation frequency (IF) of Poyang Lake during 2000-2019.

图10 鄱阳湖不同总水淹频率区域中平均增强型植被指数(EVI)年际变化(2000-2019)。

Fig. 10 Change of average enhanced vegetation index (EVI) in different total inundation frequency (IF) regions of Poyang Lake from 2000 to 2019.

图11 鄱阳湖增强型植被指数(EVI)与总水淹频率(IF)关系。

Fig. 11 Relationship between the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and the total inundation frequency (IF) of Poyang Lake.

表2 鄱阳湖年最大增强型植被指数(EVI)与总水淹频率(IF)的Pearson相关系数(2000-2019)

Table 2 Pearson correlation coefficient between annual maximum enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and total inundation frequency (IF) of Poyang Lake (2000-2019)

年份 Year	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009
R²	-0.960^**	-0.953^**	-0.933^**	-0.952^**	-0.962^**	-0.958^**	-0.96^**	-0.969^**	-0.972^**	-0.974^**
p	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
年份 Year	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
R²	-0.870^**	-0.946^**	-0.979^**	-0.938^**	-0.956^**	-0.945^**	-0.943^**	-0.991^**	-0.903^**	-0.927^**
p	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01

图12 鄱阳湖增强型植被指数(EVI)(A)与水淹频率(IF)(C)的变化趋势及相关性(B)。

Fig. 12 Correlation (B) and change trend of enhanced vegetation index (EVI) (A) and inundation frequency (IF) (C) of Poyang Lake.

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