油松种子园自由授粉与控制授粉种子父本分析

doi:10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用“微卫星”标记对油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)种子园控制授粉和自由授粉的子代进行了父本分析, 探讨自由授粉状态下种子园子代遗传组成与花粉传播的关系, 以及人工控制授粉状态下花粉形态等指标与子代遗传组成的相关性。其中,利用SSR对281粒油松种子进行父本分析, 在80%的置信水平下确定了其中126粒种子的花粉来源; 对2株母树自由授粉种子的父本分析表明, 种子园内花粉传播距离最大为85 m, 有效距离在30 m以内; 对11#和24＃母树分别用21个无性系的等体积混合花粉进行控制授粉发现, 子代由少数无性系的花粉受精产生, 其中 50＃、7＃、25＃、33#无性系对2株母树子代的花粉贡献率分别达到50.62%和61.54%; 花粉粒大小、花粉等体积重和花粉活力与选择性受精相关不显著, 而花粉活力偏低的无性系也有授粉成功的可能性。

关键词: 油松种子园, 控制授粉, 自由授粉, 微卫星标记, 父本分析

Abstract:

Aims Our objective was to develop theory for design and reestablishment of high-generation seed orchard by discussing the relationships between pollen dispersal distances and genetic composition of seed orchard progeny under open- and control-pollinated situations.

Methods Open- and control-pollinated seeds were collected from two maternal trees. Microsatellites markers (SSRs) were used in paternity analysis. A total of 281 progenies were analyzed, of which the paternity could be accurately identified for just 126. Paternity inference was conducted using CERVUS software.

Important findings Analysis of open-pollinated seeds of two clones, Nos.11 and 24, showed the effective dispersal distance of pollen is within 30 m and the longest dispersal distance is 85 m. 11.1%-12.8% of pollen-father comes within a radius of 10 m from the seed tree, 37.0%-40.4% within 10-20 m and 17.2%-22.2% within a radius of 20-30 m. In order to discover the key factor to selection fertilization, the paternity analysis of control-pollinated seeds for two clones, Nos.11 and 24, was estimated too. Four clones. Nos. 50, 7, 25 and 33, applied 50.62% and 61.54% pollen to control-pollinated seeds collected from two mother trees, but the reason is not yet clear. We analyzed the influence of pollen size, weight and vigor on selection fertilization, but no significant correlation was found. We suggested detailed study of influence of pollen-tube growth rate on selection fertilization.

Key words: Pinus tabulaeformis, seed orchard, Microsatellites (SSR), paternity analysis

张冬梅, 孙佩光, 沈熙环, 茹广欣. 油松种子园自由授粉与控制授粉种子父本分析. 植物生态学报, 2009, 33(2): 302-310. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.007

ZHANG Dong-Mei, SUN Pei-Guang, SHEN Xi-Huan, RU Guang-Xin. PATERNITY ANALYSIS OF OPEN- AND CONTROL-POLLINATED SEEDS COLLECTED FROM A SEED ORCHARD OF PINUS TABULAEFORMIS. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 33(2): 302-310. DOI: 10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.007

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链接本文: https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/10.3773/j.issn.1005-264x.2009.02.007

https://www.plant-ecology.com/CN/Y2009/V33/I2/302

图/表 7

参考文献 18

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母树 Mother	父本来源 Father		种子数 Number of seed (?80%置信度 80% signifcance level)	种子数 Number of seed (<80%置信度 80% signifcance level)	花粉贡献率 Contribute rate of pollen (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	花粉活力 Germination rate of pollen (%)	距离母树距离 Distance to the maternal tree (m)
11#母树上用于父本分析的自由授粉种子(共69粒) Paternity analysis for 69 open-pollinated seeds of clone 11#	共14个无性系 Total 14 clones	21#	1(*),5(+)	3	22.2	90.6	15
		17#	3(+)	5	11.1	91.4	7
		20#	3(+)	1	11.1	89.2	46
		40#	1(*),2(+)	1	11.1	88	16
		16#	2(+)	3	7.41	89.2	44
		23#	2(*)	0	7.41	88.8	26
		7#	1(+)	3	3.7	94.4	50、47
		14#	1(+)	2	3.7	60.8	38
		30#	1(+)	2	3.7	73	18
		12#	1(+)	1	3.7	87	5
		13#	1(+)	1	3.7	78.6	10
		6#	1(+)	0	3.7	80	45
		3#	1(+)	0	3.7	96	7
		22#	1(+)	0	3.7	87.2	23
	小计 Subtotal		23(+),4(*)	22			平均 Mean 26.47
	共8个无性系 Total 8 clones	2#		1			41、43、44
		8#		3			19
		19#		1			39
		35#		1			27、28
		36#		1			21
		38#		1			35
		44#		1			36
		45#		1			31
	小计 Subtotal			10
	不能判断来源 Unknown the father			10

母树 Mother	父本来源 Father		种子数 Number of seed (?80%置信度 80% signifcance level)	种子数 Number of seed (<80%置信度 80% signifcance level)	花粉贡献率 Contribute rate of pollen (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	花粉活力 Germination rate of pollen (%)	距离母树距离 Distance to the maternal tree (m)
11#母树上用于父本分析的自由授粉种子(共69粒) Paternity analysis for 69 open-pollinated seeds of clone 11#	共14个无性系 Total 14 clones	21#	1(*),5(+)	3	22.2	90.6	15
		17#	3(+)	5	11.1	91.4	7
		20#	3(+)	1	11.1	89.2	46
		40#	1(*),2(+)	1	11.1	88	16
		16#	2(+)	3	7.41	89.2	44
		23#	2(*)	0	7.41	88.8	26
		7#	1(+)	3	3.7	94.4	50、47
		14#	1(+)	2	3.7	60.8	38
		30#	1(+)	2	3.7	73	18
		12#	1(+)	1	3.7	87	5
		13#	1(+)	1	3.7	78.6	10
		6#	1(+)	0	3.7	80	45
		3#	1(+)	0	3.7	96	7
		22#	1(+)	0	3.7	87.2	23
	小计 Subtotal		23(+),4(*)	22			平均 Mean 26.47
	共8个无性系 Total 8 clones	2#		1			41、43、44
		8#		3			19
		19#		1			39
		35#		1			27、28
		36#		1			21
		38#		1			35
		44#		1			36
		45#		1			31
	小计 Subtotal			10
	不能判断来源 Unknown the father			10

母树 Mother	父本来源 Father		种子数 Number of seed (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	种子数 Number of seed (<80%置信度80% signifcance level)	花粉贡献率 Contribute rate of pollen (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	花粉活力 Germination rate of pollen (%)	距离母树距离 Distance to the maternal tree (m)
24#母树上用于父本分析的自由授粉种子(共92粒) Paternity analysis for 92 open-pollinated seeds of clone 24	共22个无性系 Total 22 clones	23#	4(*),4(+)	8	17.02	88.8	40、36
		2#	5(+)	3	10.64	87.2	16
		22#	5(+)	1	10.64	87.2	10、36、45
		1#	4(+)	1	8.51	89.8	42、45、47
		3#	4(+)	0	8.51	96	15
		8#	3(+)	6	6.38	75.2	14
		5#	2(+)	2	4.26	87.8	18
		36#	2(+)	1	4.26	71.2	14
		39#	1(+)	3	2.13	79.4	32
		11#	1(+)	2	2.13	77.8	29、31、32
		37#	1(+)	1	2.13	88	26
		4#	1(+)	1	2.13	91.6	85
		19#	1(+)	1	2.13	89.4	25
		13#	1(+)	0	2.13	78.6	23
		14#	1(+)	0	2.13	60.8	21、22
		17#	1(+)	0	2.13	91.4	5
		27#	1(+)	0	2.13	89.2	14
		28#	1(+)	0	2.13	87.2	20
		38#	1(+)	0	2.13	73.4	10
		6#	1(+)	0	2.13	80	21
		7#	1(+)	0	2.13	94.4	20、21
		30#	1(+)	0	2.13	73	8
	小计 Subtotal		4(*),43(+)	30			平均 Mean 28.9
	共4个无性系 Total 4 clones	16#		1
		40#		1
		41#		2
		44#		2
		小计subtotal		6
	不能判断来源 Unknown the father			9

母树 Mother	父本来源 Father		种子数 Number of seed (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	种子数 Number of seed (<80%置信度80% signifcance level)	花粉贡献率 Contribute rate of pollen (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	花粉活力 Germination rate of pollen (%)	距离母树距离 Distance to the maternal tree (m)
24#母树上用于父本分析的自由授粉种子(共92粒) Paternity analysis for 92 open-pollinated seeds of clone 24	共22个无性系 Total 22 clones	23#	4(*),4(+)	8	17.02	88.8	40、36
		2#	5(+)	3	10.64	87.2	16
		22#	5(+)	1	10.64	87.2	10、36、45
		1#	4(+)	1	8.51	89.8	42、45、47
		3#	4(+)	0	8.51	96	15
		8#	3(+)	6	6.38	75.2	14
		5#	2(+)	2	4.26	87.8	18
		36#	2(+)	1	4.26	71.2	14
		39#	1(+)	3	2.13	79.4	32
		11#	1(+)	2	2.13	77.8	29、31、32
		37#	1(+)	1	2.13	88	26
		4#	1(+)	1	2.13	91.6	85
		19#	1(+)	1	2.13	89.4	25
		13#	1(+)	0	2.13	78.6	23
		14#	1(+)	0	2.13	60.8	21、22
		17#	1(+)	0	2.13	91.4	5
		27#	1(+)	0	2.13	89.2	14
		28#	1(+)	0	2.13	87.2	20
		38#	1(+)	0	2.13	73.4	10
		6#	1(+)	0	2.13	80	21
		7#	1(+)	0	2.13	94.4	20、21
		30#	1(+)	0	2.13	73	8
	小计 Subtotal		4(*),43(+)	30			平均 Mean 28.9
	共4个无性系 Total 4 clones	16#		1
		40#		1
		41#		2
		44#		2
		小计subtotal		6
	不能判断来源 Unknown the father			9

clone 11#			clone 24#
候选父本 Candidate father	子代个数 Number of seed	种子数 Number of seed (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)	候选父本 Candidate father	子代个数 Number of seed	种子数 Number of seed (?80%置信度80% signifcance level)
50#	17	7(+)	25#	14	5(+)
7#	13	6(+)	7#	5	5(+)
25#	4	4(+)	33#	3	3(+)
33#	7	4(+)	50#	2	1(+),1(*)
5#	4	3(+)	34#	4	1(+),1(*)
37#	5	3(+)	2#	2	2(+)
19#	4	3(+)	3#	1	2(+)
2#	3	2(+)	48#	2	1(*)
35#	5	1(+)	26#	1	1(+)
34#	2	1(*)	41#	1	1(+)
41#	2	1(+)	44#	2	1(+)
44#	2	1(+)	47#	1	1(+)
47#	1	1(+)	16#	1
16#	2	1(+)
17#	4	1(+)
48#	1
24#	2
26#	1
28#	1
3#	1
总计 Total	81	39		39	26