植物生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 154-162.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2020.0079

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

片段化景观中壳斗科植物种子捕食和扩散模式

钟雨辰1, 王斌2, 方中平2, 徐小忠2, 于明坚1,*()   

  1. 1浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310058
    2新安江生态开发集团有限公司, 浙江淳安 311700
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-20 接受日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-02-20 发布日期:2020-06-23
  • 通讯作者: ORCID: *于明坚: 0000-0001-8060-8427(fishmj@zju.edu.cn)
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31930073);国家自然科学基金(31870401);国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0112800)

Seed predation and dispersal pattern of Fagaceae species in a fragmented landscape, eastern China

ZHONG Yu-Chen1, WANG Bin2, FANG Zhong-Ping2, XU Xiao-Zhong2, YU Ming-Jian1,*()   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
    2Xin'anjiang Ecological Development Corporation, Chun'an, Zhejiang 311700, China
  • Received:2020-03-20 Accepted:2020-06-17 Online:2021-02-20 Published:2020-06-23
  • Contact: YU Ming-Jian
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930073);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870401);National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFE0112800)

摘要:

生境片段化伴随的面积效应和边缘效应, 可改变分散贮食动物的竞争强度、觅食行为以及隐蔽条件, 影响种子捕食和扩散模式。阐明生境片段化对多物种种子捕食和扩散的影响, 对理解片段化生境中的植物更新和生物多样性维持十分重要。该研究在浙江省千岛湖地区的岛屿和大陆上开展了针对6种壳斗科植物的种子捕食和扩散实验, 分析了物种、分散贮食动物相对多度、种子产量、岛屿大小和边缘效应如何共同影响种子命运和种子扩散距离。主要结果: (1)种子命运和扩散距离在物种间存在显著差异; (2)大陆比岛屿有更长的种子留存时间, 小岛种子留存时间最短, 岛屿内部比岛屿边缘有更长的种子留存时间; (3)物种和岛屿大小对种子原地取食率存在交互作用, 白栎(Quercus fabri)种子在大岛上有更高的原地取食率; (4)种子在小岛上有最高的扩散率, 分散贮食动物相对多度对种子扩散后贮藏率有负效应。表明在千岛湖地区, 生境片段化改变了种子捕食和扩散模式, 且面积效应对不同物种的种子捕食和扩散模式产生了不同作用, 从而影响森林群落更新和生物多样性维持。

关键词: 生境片段化, 分散贮食动物, 种子命运, 扩散距离

Abstract:

Aims Due to the area effect and edge effect, habitat fragmentation can alter competition intensity, foraging behavior and shelter condition of scatter-hoarders, and consequently affect seed predation and dispersal patterns. Though there have been some studies focusing on seed dispersal in fragmented landscapes, few studies have compared the effects of habitat fragmentation on seed predation and dispersal among multiple species.
Methods To explore how species identity, abundance of scatter-hoarders, seed production, island size and edge effect work together to influence seed fates and dispersal distance, we conducted seed predation and dispersal experiments for six Fagaceae species in the island and mainland forests of the Thousand Island Lake region in Zhejiang Province, eastern China.
Important findings (1) There were significant differences in seed fates and dispersal distance among six Fagaceae species. (2) Seeds were removed faster on the islands than on the mainland, and even faster on smaller islands than on larger islands. Further, seeds were removed faster at the island edges than in the interiors. (3) There was a significant interactive effect between island size and species identity on the probability of seeds eaten in situ. More seeds of Quercus fabri were eaten in situ on larger islands. (4) Seeds had the highest probability of removal on small islands; the relative abundance of scatter-hoarders had a negative effect on the probability of seeds cached. These findings implied that habitat fragmentation altered seed predation and dispersal patterns, and that area effect posed species-specific effects on seed predation and dispersal patterns, which would contribute to forest regeneration and biodiversity maintenance.

Key words: habitat fragmentation, scatter-hoarder, seed fate, dispersal distance