植物生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 202-208.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0127
李永华1,2,4,*(),李臻3,辛智鸣3,刘明虎3,李艳丽1,2,4,郝玉光3
出版日期:
2018-02-20
发布日期:
2018-04-16
通讯作者:
李永华 ORCID:0000-0001-6802-4138
基金资助:
LI Yong-Hua1,2,4,*(),LI Zhen3,XIN Zhi-Ming3,LIU Ming-Hu3,LI Yan-Li1,2,4,HAO Yu-Guang3
Online:
2018-02-20
Published:
2018-04-16
Contact:
Yong-Hua LI ORCID:0000-0001-6802-4138
Supported by:
摘要:
干旱区植物叶片形态可塑性是植物适应高温干旱环境的重要生存策略, 但目前仍缺乏直观的数据予以证明。该研究应用热成像技术和图像分析技术, 同步测定真实叶片与模拟叶片的叶温、形态及风速、辐射和温度等环境参数。研究结果显示: 在干旱、高温环境下, 除了蒸腾, 叶片形态变化也是调控叶温的重要因子。干旱区植物叶片变小, 有利于加速叶片与环境的物质及热量交换, 从而达到降低叶温的目的。样地数据显示, 在高温、低风速环境下, 叶片宽度每减少1 cm, 叶片表面温度降低约2.1 ℃, 而模拟叶片叶宽度每减少1 cm, 叶片表面温度降低0.60-0.86 ℃。该研究对深入理解植物生存策略与环境适能力具有重要意义。
李永华, 李臻, 辛智鸣, 刘明虎, 李艳丽, 郝玉光. 形态变化对叶片表面温度的影响. 植物生态学报, 2018, 42(2): 202-208. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0127
LI Yong-Hua, LI Zhen, XIN Zhi-Ming, LIU Ming-Hu, LI Yan-Li, HAO Yu-Guang. Effects of leaf shape plasticity on leaf surface temperature. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2018, 42(2): 202-208. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2017.0127
周长 Perimeter | 面积 Area | 长度 Length | 最大宽度 Maximum width | |
---|---|---|---|---|
周长 Perimeter | 1.00 | |||
面积 Area | 0.79* | 1.00 | ||
长度 Length | 0.82** | 0.91** | 1.00 | |
最大宽度 Maximum width | 0.94** | 0.89** | 0.79* | 1.00 |
表1 叶片形态参数间的相关分析
Table 1 Correlation coefficient among different measures of leaf shape
周长 Perimeter | 面积 Area | 长度 Length | 最大宽度 Maximum width | |
---|---|---|---|---|
周长 Perimeter | 1.00 | |||
面积 Area | 0.79* | 1.00 | ||
长度 Length | 0.82** | 0.91** | 1.00 | |
最大宽度 Maximum width | 0.94** | 0.89** | 0.79* | 1.00 |
图1 A, 风洞中测试模拟叶片的表面温度。B, 模拟叶片形态。C, 模拟叶片的热成像图片。
Fig. 1 A, Surface temperature measurement of simulated leaf in a wind tunnel. B, Leaf shape of simulated leaf. C, A thermal image of a simulated leaf.
图3 不同风速下叶宽对模拟叶片温度的影响。
Fig. 3 Empirical relationships between maximal leaf width and leaf temperature in a wind tunnel under different air flow velocity.
图6 单叶表面温度分布特征。A, 模拟叶片, 面积1.80 cm2, 气温32.3 ℃, 辐射478.6 W·m-2, 风速< 0.3 m·s-1。B, 模拟叶片, 面积23.7 cm2, 气温31.9 ℃, 辐射483.1 W· m-2, 风速< 0.3 m·s-1。C, 真实叶片, 面积5.4 cm2, 气温33.8 ℃, 辐射1β152.9 W·m-2, 风速0.7 m·s-1, 蒸腾1.9 mmol· m-2·s-1。A1、B1、C1是叶片热图像。A2、B2、C2是叶片表面温度分布特征。A3、B3、C3是叶片表面温度剖面线。HD, 距离下风向叶片边缘的水平距离; R, 不同叶片温度的分布区面积占叶片总面积的比例。L1-L5, 叶片上的位置。
Fig. 6 Spatial changes in leaf temperature. A, Simulated leaf, leaf area 1.80 cm2, air temperature 32.3 °C, solar radiation 478.6 W·m-2, wind speed < 0.3 m·s-1. B, Simulated leaf, leaf area 23.7 cm2, air temperature 31.9 °C, solar radiation 483.1 W·m-2, wind speed < 0.3 m·s-1. C, Real leaf, leaf area 5.4 cm2, air temperature 33.8 °C, solar radiation 1β152.9 W·m-2, wind speed 0.7 m·s-1, transpiration rate 1.9 mmol·m-2·s-1. A1, B1, C1 were the thermal image of three leaf. A2, B2, C2 were temperature distributions on a leaf. A3, B3, C3 were temperature profile of a leaf. HD, horizontal distance from the leaf edge of the downwind direction; R, ratio of the distribution area of different leaf temperatures to the total leaf area. L1-L5, location on the leaves.
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