Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2023, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 123-133.DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0492
Special Issue: 根系生态学
• Research Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
LIU Yang1, MA Xu2, DI Nan3, ZENG Zi-Hang4, FU Hai-Man5, LI Xin6, XI Ben-Ye1,**()
Received:
2021-12-27
Accepted:
2022-02-17
Online:
2023-01-20
Published:
2022-04-11
Contact:
**XI Ben-Ye,ORCID:0000-0003-4730-6384(benyexi@bjfu.edu.cn)
About author:
*Contributed equally to this work
Supported by:
LIU Yang, MA Xu, DI Nan, ZENG Zi-Hang, FU Hai-Man, LI Xin, XI Ben-Ye. Root sap flow and hydraulic redistribution of Populus tomentosa[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2023, 47(1): 123-133.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.17521/cjpe.2021.0492
Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams of the typical hydraulic redistribution. A, Hydraulic lift, water moves from the deep to the shallow layer during drought. B, Hydraulic descent, water moves from the shallow to the deep layer after raining. C, Horizontal hydraulic redistribution, water moves from wet to dry soil after soil uneven wetting.
侧根编号 Lateral root number | 直径 Diameter (cm) | 平均分布深度 Average distribution depth (m) | 最大分布深度 Maximum distribution depth (m) |
---|---|---|---|
R1 | 4.13 | 8.7 | 11.5 |
R2 | 2.89 | 11.3 | 13.2 |
R3 | 4.54 | 12.5 | 21.1 |
R4 | 3.26 | 21.6 | 42.6 |
R5 | 4.86 | >44.6 | >70.0 |
R6 | 3.73 | 9.0 | 20.7 |
R7 | 4.80 | 10.6 | 19.1 |
Table 1 Information of the roots for measuring sap flow of Populus tomentosa
侧根编号 Lateral root number | 直径 Diameter (cm) | 平均分布深度 Average distribution depth (m) | 最大分布深度 Maximum distribution depth (m) |
---|---|---|---|
R1 | 4.13 | 8.7 | 11.5 |
R2 | 2.89 | 11.3 | 13.2 |
R3 | 4.54 | 12.5 | 21.1 |
R4 | 3.26 | 21.6 | 42.6 |
R5 | 4.86 | >44.6 | >70.0 |
R6 | 3.73 | 9.0 | 20.7 |
R7 | 4.80 | 10.6 | 19.1 |
Fig. 2 Changing dynamics of roots sap flow velocity of Populus tomentosa and meteorological factors during drought process. In B-E, the gray shade indicates the sap flow velocity (Vs) <0, that is, the reverse sap flow. In F, SWC0.1 m, SWC0.5 m and SWC2.0 m are the soil water content (SWC) at 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 m depths; the gray bars represent rainfall. Rs, solar radiation; VPD, vapor pressure deficit; R1-R5, the lateral roots of different numbers.
Fig. 3 Changing dynamics of roots sap flow of Populus tomentosa and meteorological factors after rainfall. In B-E, the gray shade indicates the sap flow velocity (Vs) < 0, that is, the reverse sap flow. In F, SWC0.1 m, SWC0.5 m and SWC2.0 m are the soil water content (SWC) at 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 m depths; the gray bars represent rainfall. Rs, solar radiation; VPD, vapor pressure deficit; R1-R5, the lateral roots of different numbers.
Fig. 4 Changing dynamics of daytime reverse sap flow of Populus tomentosa and meteorological factors. In B and C, The gray shade indicates the sap flow velocity (Vs) < 0, that is, the reverse sap flow. In D, SWC0.1 m, SWC0.5 m and SWC2.0 m are the soil water content (SWC) at 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 m depths; the gray bars represent rainfall. Rs, solar radiation; VPD, vapor pressure deficit; R1-R2, the lateral roots of different numbers.
Fig. 5 Seasonal dynamics of meteorological factors of Populus tomentosa plantation in the North China Plain. SWC0.1 m, SWC0.5 m and SWC2.0 m are the soil water content (SWC) at 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 m depths.
侧根编号 Lateral root number | 干旱驱动的HR Drought induced HR | 降雨驱动的HR Rainfall induced HR | 总RHR Total RHR (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
时间 Time (d) | 最高日RHR Max daily RHR (%) | 时间 Time (d) | 最高日RHR Max daily RHR (%) | ||
R1 | 26 | 50.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 1.2 |
R2 | 46 | 64.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 3.5 |
R3 | 18 | 6.7 | 7 | 3.1 | 0.4 |
R4 | 16 | 4.9 | 7 | 12.3 | 0.6 |
R5 | 16 | 1.8 | 3 | 0.6 | 0.1 |
R6 | 15 | 2.0 | 11 | 4.7 | 0.3 |
R7 | 21 | 4.4 | 8 | 5.8 | 0.4 |
Table 2 Types and proportions of hydraulic redistribution (HR) and their proportions of Populus tomentosa
侧根编号 Lateral root number | 干旱驱动的HR Drought induced HR | 降雨驱动的HR Rainfall induced HR | 总RHR Total RHR (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
时间 Time (d) | 最高日RHR Max daily RHR (%) | 时间 Time (d) | 最高日RHR Max daily RHR (%) | ||
R1 | 26 | 50.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 1.2 |
R2 | 46 | 64.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 3.5 |
R3 | 18 | 6.7 | 7 | 3.1 | 0.4 |
R4 | 16 | 4.9 | 7 | 12.3 | 0.6 |
R5 | 16 | 1.8 | 3 | 0.6 | 0.1 |
R6 | 15 | 2.0 | 11 | 4.7 | 0.3 |
R7 | 21 | 4.4 | 8 | 5.8 | 0.4 |
Fig. 7 Response of root sap flow of Populus tomentosa to meteorological factors. A-C, the relation between R2 sap flow (Q) and the product of solar radiation (Rs), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and soil water content (SWC). D-F, the relation between Q of R4 and the product of Rs, VPD, ETo with SWC. The red points represent the positive sap flow (QP), and the blue points represent the reverse sap flow (QR); the red and blue lines are the linear fitting of QP and QR to environmental factors, where the solid lines represent the significant correlation (p < 0.05) and the dashed lines represent the uncorrelated (p > 0.05). R2 and R4 are lateral root number, see datails in Table 1.
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