Chin J Plant Ecol ›› 2012, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 560-571.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00560
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PENG Xing-Min1,2,*(), WU Jiang-Chong1, ZHENG Yi-Xing1, ZHANG Yan-Ping1, LI Gen-Qian2
Received:
2012-02-13
Accepted:
2012-04-09
Online:
2012-02-13
Published:
2012-06-04
Contact:
PENG Xing-Min
PENG Xing-Min, WU Jiang-Chong, ZHENG Yi-Xing, ZHANG Yan-Ping, LI Gen-Qian. Phenotypic variation in cultivated populations of Azadirachta indica in Yunnan, China[J]. Chin J Plant Ecol, 2012, 36(6): 560-571.
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URL: https://www.plant-ecology.com/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1258.2012.00560
种群编号及农业 生态气候区 Population code and agro-ecological region | 种群 Population | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature (℃) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm) | 生境 Habitat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1a | XBL | 25°48′ | 101°51′ | 1 135.0 | 21.7 | 645.0 | 农田旁 Cultivated land side |
P2a | WX | 25°44′ | 101°52′ | 1 120.2 | 21.8 | 634.0 | 新垦台地 Land reclaimed |
P3a | NMS | 25°37′ | 101°53′ | 1 277.0 | 20.9 | 645.0 | 较陡荒坡 Steep Hillside |
P4b | DHG | 23°19′ | 102°34′ | 553.0 | 22.8 | 843.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
P5b | WW | 23°18′ | 102°38′ | 430.0 | 23.5 | 840.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
P6b | NS | 23°13′ | 102°50′ | 257.1 | 24.5 | 945.8 | 耕地 Cultivated land |
P7b | LD | 23°12′ | 102°55′ | 223.0 | 24.7 | 945.8 | 洪积台地 Flood land |
P8b | MT | 23°08′ | 103°03′ | 197.0 | 24.8 | 980.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
P9b | HCB | 23°06′ | 103°11′ | 256.0 | 24.5 | 1 060.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
Table 1 Information of sampled populations of Azadirachta indica
种群编号及农业 生态气候区 Population code and agro-ecological region | 种群 Population | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature (℃) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm) | 生境 Habitat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1a | XBL | 25°48′ | 101°51′ | 1 135.0 | 21.7 | 645.0 | 农田旁 Cultivated land side |
P2a | WX | 25°44′ | 101°52′ | 1 120.2 | 21.8 | 634.0 | 新垦台地 Land reclaimed |
P3a | NMS | 25°37′ | 101°53′ | 1 277.0 | 20.9 | 645.0 | 较陡荒坡 Steep Hillside |
P4b | DHG | 23°19′ | 102°34′ | 553.0 | 22.8 | 843.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
P5b | WW | 23°18′ | 102°38′ | 430.0 | 23.5 | 840.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
P6b | NS | 23°13′ | 102°50′ | 257.1 | 24.5 | 945.8 | 耕地 Cultivated land |
P7b | LD | 23°12′ | 102°55′ | 223.0 | 24.7 | 945.8 | 洪积台地 Flood land |
P8b | MT | 23°08′ | 103°03′ | 197.0 | 24.8 | 980.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
P9b | HCB | 23°06′ | 103°11′ | 256.0 | 24.5 | 1 060.0 | 平缓荒坡 Gradual hillside |
种群 Population | SL (cm) | SW (cm) | SLW | ST (g) | KT (g) | SKT (%) | SG (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
XBL | 1.37 ± 0.15abc | 0.72 ± 0.08a | 1.95 ± 0.37 | 0.19 ± 0.03b | 0.10 ± 0.02bc | 51.30 ± 1.12 | 6.47 ± 1.45cd |
WX | 1.31 ± 0.15c | 0.65 ± 0.07b | 2.05 ± 0.38 | 0.18 ± 0.02b | 0.09 ± 0.02c | 51.10 ± 1.53 | 5.54 ± 1.08d |
NMS | 1.33 ± 0.16bc | 0.69 ± 0.08ab | 1.98 ± 0.37 | 0.19 ± 0.03b | 0.10 ± 0.02bc | 51.12 ± 0.85 | 4.07 ± 0.63e |
DHG | 1.31 ± 0.17c | 0.71 ± 0.09ab | 1.91 ± 0.39 | 0.19 ± 0.04b | 0.10 ± 0.02bc | 51.13 ± 1.29 | 6.93 ± 0.89bc |
WW | 1.43 ± 0.19ab | 0.69 ± 0.07ab | 2.11 ± 0.37 | 0.21 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02abc | 51.29 ± 1.28 | 6.75 ± 1.43bc |
NS | 1.45 ± 0.17a | 0.72 ± 0.08a | 2.04 ± 0.41 | 0.22 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02ab | 51.83 ± 2.29 | 7.71 ± 1.32ab |
LD | 1.43 ± 0.18ab | 0.69 ± 0.08ab | 2.09 ± 0.42 | 0.24 ± 0.04a | 0.12 ± 0.02a | 51.12 ± 2.50 | 8.11 ± 1.18a |
MT | 1.42 ± 0.19ab | 0.66 ± 0.07b | 2.20 ± 0.40 | 0.21 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02abc | 51.57 ± 2.37 | 7.61 ± 0.78ab |
HCB | 1.38 ± 0.19abc | 0.70 ± 0.08ab | 1.98 ± 0.40 | 0.21 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02abc | 51.60 ± 2.33 | 5.64 ± 1.07d |
平均值 Average | 1.38 ± 0.17 | 0.69 ± 0.08 | 2.04 ± 0.49 | 0.21 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 51.34 ± 1.73 | 6.54 ± 1.62 |
种群间F值 F value among populations | 2.60* | 2.22* | 1.38 | 2.34* | 3.85** | 1.24 | 12.90** |
种群内F值 F value within population | 9.11** | 6.57** | 5.73** | 20.50** | 14.40** | 3.33** | - |
种群 Population | ZG (m) | DJ (cm) | GF (m) | GS (grain) | azA (%) | azB (%) | azAB (%) |
XBL | 0.58 ± 0.50cd | 17.06 ± 2.92ab | 6.50 ± 1.74bcd | 4240 ± 23.20b | 0.50 ± 5.21cde | 0.16 ± 3.39b | 0.66 ± 8.41cd |
WX | 0.38 ± 0.32cd | 14.17 ± 3.76bc | 4.86 ± 1.62de | 3900 ± 16.21b | 0.49 ± 6.44de | 0.16 ± 2.37b | 0.65 ± 7.90cd |
NMS | 0.40 ± 0.38cd | 12.38 ± 1.35c | 4.25 ± 0.94e | 1990 ± 11.64c | 0.56 ± 4.59abcd | 0.20 ± 2.19a | 0.77 ± 7.58ab |
DHG | 0.35 ± 0.34d | 17.55 ± 4.33ab | 8.24 ± 1.74ab | 6020 ± 14.86ab | 0.59 ± 3.06ab | 0.19 ± 2.78a | 0.79 ± 5.15ab |
WW | 0.81 ± 0.31bc | 16.45 ± 5.12ab | 8.46 ± 2.42a | 4426 ± 17.49b | 0.57 ± 2.57abc | 0.16 ± 2.11b | 0.73 ± 3.13bc |
NS | 1.28 ± 0.47a | 18.24 ± 5.62ab | 8.26 ± 2.09ab | 5360 ± 25.26ab | 0.47 ± 3.73e | 0.15 ± 2.29b | 0.63 ± 4.74d |
LD | 1.27 ± 0.65a | 19.96 ± 4.02a | 7.78 ± 1.95ab | 6050 ± 14.46ab | 0.62 ± 6.05a | 0.21 ± 1.89a | 0.83 ± 8.81a |
MT | 1.03 ± 0.48ab | 15.03 ± 4.10bc | 6.03 ± 1.84cd | 7160 ± 20.39a | 0.53 ± 2.92bcde | 0.11 ± 2.26c | 0.65 ± 2.84cd |
HCB | 0.46 ± 0.39cd | 17.28 ± 3.92ab | 6.80 ± 1.28abc | 3824 ± 10.63b | 0.53 ± 4.13bcde | 0.14 ± 2.99bc | 0.67 ± 5.40cd |
平均值 Average | 0.73 ± 0.56 | 16.46 ± 4.45 | 6.79 ± 2.24 | 4774 ± 20.23 | 0.54 ± 5.06 | 0.17 ± 3.38 | 0.71 ± 7.74 |
种群间F值 F value among populations | 7.36** | 3.13** | 7.41** | 4.19** | 4.01** | 10.07** | 6.38** |
种群内F值 F value within population | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Table 2 Variance analysis of phenotypic traits variance between nine Azadirachta indica populations (mean ± SD)
种群 Population | SL (cm) | SW (cm) | SLW | ST (g) | KT (g) | SKT (%) | SG (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
XBL | 1.37 ± 0.15abc | 0.72 ± 0.08a | 1.95 ± 0.37 | 0.19 ± 0.03b | 0.10 ± 0.02bc | 51.30 ± 1.12 | 6.47 ± 1.45cd |
WX | 1.31 ± 0.15c | 0.65 ± 0.07b | 2.05 ± 0.38 | 0.18 ± 0.02b | 0.09 ± 0.02c | 51.10 ± 1.53 | 5.54 ± 1.08d |
NMS | 1.33 ± 0.16bc | 0.69 ± 0.08ab | 1.98 ± 0.37 | 0.19 ± 0.03b | 0.10 ± 0.02bc | 51.12 ± 0.85 | 4.07 ± 0.63e |
DHG | 1.31 ± 0.17c | 0.71 ± 0.09ab | 1.91 ± 0.39 | 0.19 ± 0.04b | 0.10 ± 0.02bc | 51.13 ± 1.29 | 6.93 ± 0.89bc |
WW | 1.43 ± 0.19ab | 0.69 ± 0.07ab | 2.11 ± 0.37 | 0.21 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02abc | 51.29 ± 1.28 | 6.75 ± 1.43bc |
NS | 1.45 ± 0.17a | 0.72 ± 0.08a | 2.04 ± 0.41 | 0.22 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02ab | 51.83 ± 2.29 | 7.71 ± 1.32ab |
LD | 1.43 ± 0.18ab | 0.69 ± 0.08ab | 2.09 ± 0.42 | 0.24 ± 0.04a | 0.12 ± 0.02a | 51.12 ± 2.50 | 8.11 ± 1.18a |
MT | 1.42 ± 0.19ab | 0.66 ± 0.07b | 2.20 ± 0.40 | 0.21 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02abc | 51.57 ± 2.37 | 7.61 ± 0.78ab |
HCB | 1.38 ± 0.19abc | 0.70 ± 0.08ab | 1.98 ± 0.40 | 0.21 ± 0.04ab | 0.11 ± 0.02abc | 51.60 ± 2.33 | 5.64 ± 1.07d |
平均值 Average | 1.38 ± 0.17 | 0.69 ± 0.08 | 2.04 ± 0.49 | 0.21 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 51.34 ± 1.73 | 6.54 ± 1.62 |
种群间F值 F value among populations | 2.60* | 2.22* | 1.38 | 2.34* | 3.85** | 1.24 | 12.90** |
种群内F值 F value within population | 9.11** | 6.57** | 5.73** | 20.50** | 14.40** | 3.33** | - |
种群 Population | ZG (m) | DJ (cm) | GF (m) | GS (grain) | azA (%) | azB (%) | azAB (%) |
XBL | 0.58 ± 0.50cd | 17.06 ± 2.92ab | 6.50 ± 1.74bcd | 4240 ± 23.20b | 0.50 ± 5.21cde | 0.16 ± 3.39b | 0.66 ± 8.41cd |
WX | 0.38 ± 0.32cd | 14.17 ± 3.76bc | 4.86 ± 1.62de | 3900 ± 16.21b | 0.49 ± 6.44de | 0.16 ± 2.37b | 0.65 ± 7.90cd |
NMS | 0.40 ± 0.38cd | 12.38 ± 1.35c | 4.25 ± 0.94e | 1990 ± 11.64c | 0.56 ± 4.59abcd | 0.20 ± 2.19a | 0.77 ± 7.58ab |
DHG | 0.35 ± 0.34d | 17.55 ± 4.33ab | 8.24 ± 1.74ab | 6020 ± 14.86ab | 0.59 ± 3.06ab | 0.19 ± 2.78a | 0.79 ± 5.15ab |
WW | 0.81 ± 0.31bc | 16.45 ± 5.12ab | 8.46 ± 2.42a | 4426 ± 17.49b | 0.57 ± 2.57abc | 0.16 ± 2.11b | 0.73 ± 3.13bc |
NS | 1.28 ± 0.47a | 18.24 ± 5.62ab | 8.26 ± 2.09ab | 5360 ± 25.26ab | 0.47 ± 3.73e | 0.15 ± 2.29b | 0.63 ± 4.74d |
LD | 1.27 ± 0.65a | 19.96 ± 4.02a | 7.78 ± 1.95ab | 6050 ± 14.46ab | 0.62 ± 6.05a | 0.21 ± 1.89a | 0.83 ± 8.81a |
MT | 1.03 ± 0.48ab | 15.03 ± 4.10bc | 6.03 ± 1.84cd | 7160 ± 20.39a | 0.53 ± 2.92bcde | 0.11 ± 2.26c | 0.65 ± 2.84cd |
HCB | 0.46 ± 0.39cd | 17.28 ± 3.92ab | 6.80 ± 1.28abc | 3824 ± 10.63b | 0.53 ± 4.13bcde | 0.14 ± 2.99bc | 0.67 ± 5.40cd |
平均值 Average | 0.73 ± 0.56 | 16.46 ± 4.45 | 6.79 ± 2.24 | 4774 ± 20.23 | 0.54 ± 5.06 | 0.17 ± 3.38 | 0.71 ± 7.74 |
种群间F值 F value among populations | 7.36** | 3.13** | 7.41** | 4.19** | 4.01** | 10.07** | 6.38** |
种群内F值 F value within population | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
性状 Traits | 方差分量Variance component | 方差分量百分比 Percentage of variance component | 表型分化系数 Phenotype of differentiation coefficient (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within population | 机误 Errors | 种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within population | 机误 Errors | |||
SL | 0.001 882 | 0.009 550 | 0.031 017 | 4.434 2 | 22.497 1 | 73.068 6 | 16.462 | |
SW | 0.000 372 | 0.002 477 | 0.006 498 | 3.978 0 | 26.504 5 | 69.517 5 | 13.057 | |
SLW | 0.003 032 | 0.042 915 | 0.161 584 | 1.461 0 | 20.678 6 | 77.860 4 | 6.598 | |
ST | 0.000 152 | 0.001 082 | 0.001 665 | 5.254 0 | 37.324 8 | 57.421 2 | 12.317 | |
KT | 0.000 066 | 0.000 215 | 0.000 481 | 8.637 6 | 28.205 5 | 63.156 9 | 23.424 | |
SKT | 0.001 130 | 0.032 541 | 0.418 792 | 0.249 8 | 7.192 0 | 92.558 3 | 3.356 | |
平均值Average | - | - | - | 3.442 3 | 20.345 1 | 76.212 7 | 11.885 |
Table 3 Variance component of phenotypic traits among and within populations of Azadirachta indica
性状 Traits | 方差分量Variance component | 方差分量百分比 Percentage of variance component | 表型分化系数 Phenotype of differentiation coefficient (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within population | 机误 Errors | 种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within population | 机误 Errors | |||
SL | 0.001 882 | 0.009 550 | 0.031 017 | 4.434 2 | 22.497 1 | 73.068 6 | 16.462 | |
SW | 0.000 372 | 0.002 477 | 0.006 498 | 3.978 0 | 26.504 5 | 69.517 5 | 13.057 | |
SLW | 0.003 032 | 0.042 915 | 0.161 584 | 1.461 0 | 20.678 6 | 77.860 4 | 6.598 | |
ST | 0.000 152 | 0.001 082 | 0.001 665 | 5.254 0 | 37.324 8 | 57.421 2 | 12.317 | |
KT | 0.000 066 | 0.000 215 | 0.000 481 | 8.637 6 | 28.205 5 | 63.156 9 | 23.424 | |
SKT | 0.001 130 | 0.032 541 | 0.418 792 | 0.249 8 | 7.192 0 | 92.558 3 | 3.356 | |
平均值Average | - | - | - | 3.442 3 | 20.345 1 | 76.212 7 | 11.885 |
性状 Trait | 种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within population | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WX | XBL | NMS | DHG | WW | NS | LD | MT | HCB | 平均值 Average | ||
SL | 3.76 | 8.25 | 7.72 | 7.16 | 6.53 | 6.00 | 8.51 | 7.22 | 6.51 | 8.09 | 7.33hi |
SW | 3.34 | 4.35 | 10.39 | 5.73 | 5.76 | 10.34 | 6.45 | 5.10 | 6.26 | 6.41 | 6.76i |
SLW | 3.94 | 9.58 | 11.48 | 10.53 | 11.96 | 13.96 | 11.20 | 10.45 | 6.67 | 8.14 | 10.44fghi |
ST | 7.98 | 19.43 | 19.65 | 13.40 | 19.71 | 14.24 | 16.32 | 11.70 | 13.14 | 18.59 | 16.24defg |
KT | 9.04 | 14.40 | 15.05 | 14.64 | 11.46 | 10.05 | 17.33 | 11.10 | 17.98 | 15.90 | 14.21efg |
SKT | 4.06 | 13.63 | 13.31 | 12.62 | 13.17 | 5.40 | 6.93 | 6.99 | 8.18 | 6.68 | 9.66ghi |
SG | 19.62 | 19.63 | 22.39 | 15.54 | 12.84 | 21.23 | 17.08 | 14.55 | 10.34 | 19.91 | 17.06def |
ZG | 52.49 | 85.98 | 85.85 | 95.78 | 96.53 | 47.63 | 36.35 | 51.52 | 46.23 | 85.63 | 70.17a |
DZ | 13.86 | 26.57 | 17.09 | 10.93 | 24.65 | 31.10 | 30.82 | 20.16 | 27.29 | 22.74 | 23.48cd |
GF | 22.59 | 33.38 | 26.84 | 22.05 | 21.09 | 28.62 | 25.35 | 25.05 | 30.53 | 18.90 | 25.76c |
GS | 32.67 | 59.75 | 79.59 | 53.26 | 38.42 | 53.36 | 74.51 | 36.71 | 47.48 | 36.37 | 53.27b |
azA | 8.94 | 22.28 | 17.74 | 13.92 | 8.86 | 7.66 | 13.68 | 16.33 | 9.47 | 13.34 | 13.70efgh |
azB | 19.28 | 19.32 | 26.16 | 14.70 | 19.17 | 16.67 | 18.68 | 12.50 | 21.58 | 26.84 | 19.51cde |
azAB | 10.30 | 19.99 | 19.47 | 13.33 | 9.13 | 6.58 | 12.52 | 12.70 | 7.18 | 12.82 | 12.64efghi |
平均值 Average | 15.13 | 25.47a | 26.62a | 21.68a | 21.38a | 19.49a | 21.12a | 17.29a | 18.49a | 21.45a | 21.44 |
Table 4 Variation coefficient of phenotypic traits in nine natural populations and Duncan’s test of CV among populations and phenotype trait of Azadirachta indica (%)
性状 Trait | 种群间 Among populations | 种群内 Within population | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WX | XBL | NMS | DHG | WW | NS | LD | MT | HCB | 平均值 Average | ||
SL | 3.76 | 8.25 | 7.72 | 7.16 | 6.53 | 6.00 | 8.51 | 7.22 | 6.51 | 8.09 | 7.33hi |
SW | 3.34 | 4.35 | 10.39 | 5.73 | 5.76 | 10.34 | 6.45 | 5.10 | 6.26 | 6.41 | 6.76i |
SLW | 3.94 | 9.58 | 11.48 | 10.53 | 11.96 | 13.96 | 11.20 | 10.45 | 6.67 | 8.14 | 10.44fghi |
ST | 7.98 | 19.43 | 19.65 | 13.40 | 19.71 | 14.24 | 16.32 | 11.70 | 13.14 | 18.59 | 16.24defg |
KT | 9.04 | 14.40 | 15.05 | 14.64 | 11.46 | 10.05 | 17.33 | 11.10 | 17.98 | 15.90 | 14.21efg |
SKT | 4.06 | 13.63 | 13.31 | 12.62 | 13.17 | 5.40 | 6.93 | 6.99 | 8.18 | 6.68 | 9.66ghi |
SG | 19.62 | 19.63 | 22.39 | 15.54 | 12.84 | 21.23 | 17.08 | 14.55 | 10.34 | 19.91 | 17.06def |
ZG | 52.49 | 85.98 | 85.85 | 95.78 | 96.53 | 47.63 | 36.35 | 51.52 | 46.23 | 85.63 | 70.17a |
DZ | 13.86 | 26.57 | 17.09 | 10.93 | 24.65 | 31.10 | 30.82 | 20.16 | 27.29 | 22.74 | 23.48cd |
GF | 22.59 | 33.38 | 26.84 | 22.05 | 21.09 | 28.62 | 25.35 | 25.05 | 30.53 | 18.90 | 25.76c |
GS | 32.67 | 59.75 | 79.59 | 53.26 | 38.42 | 53.36 | 74.51 | 36.71 | 47.48 | 36.37 | 53.27b |
azA | 8.94 | 22.28 | 17.74 | 13.92 | 8.86 | 7.66 | 13.68 | 16.33 | 9.47 | 13.34 | 13.70efgh |
azB | 19.28 | 19.32 | 26.16 | 14.70 | 19.17 | 16.67 | 18.68 | 12.50 | 21.58 | 26.84 | 19.51cde |
azAB | 10.30 | 19.99 | 19.47 | 13.33 | 9.13 | 6.58 | 12.52 | 12.70 | 7.18 | 12.82 | 12.64efghi |
平均值 Average | 15.13 | 25.47a | 26.62a | 21.68a | 21.38a | 19.49a | 21.12a | 17.29a | 18.49a | 21.45a | 21.44 |
表型性状 Phenotypic trait | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | 主成分3 Principal component 3 | 主成分4 Principal component 4 | 主成分5 Principal component 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SL | 0.002 198 | -0.001 052 | 0.008 378 | 0.013 340 | 0.000 401 |
SW | 0.000 218 | 0.000 513 | 0.009 554 | 0.002 810 | 0.006 186 |
SLW | 0.001 647 | -0.002 110 | -0.015 717 | 0.008 465 | -0.007 330 |
ST | 0.000 948 | 0.000 781 | 0.001 570 | 0.002 797 | -0.005 661 |
KT | 0.000 324 | 0.000 033 | 0.002 127 | 0.002 771 | -0.003 080 |
SKT | 0.001 725 | 0.005 915 | -0.007 598 | -0.014 930 | -0.022 047 |
SG | 0.098 766 | 0.012 347 | 0.160 562 | -0.028 466 | 0.019 429 |
ZG | 0.018 922 | 0.000 110 | 0.049 811 | -0.008 068 | -0.045 176 |
DZ | 0.119 856 | 0.106 334 | 0.781 486 | 0.223 995 | -0.539 594 |
GF | 0.079 642 | 0.059 780 | 0.438 917 | 0.338 906 | 0.816 078 |
GS | 0.981 859 | -0.007 729 | -0.122 500 | -0.117 189 | 0.011 604 |
azA | 0.034 673 | 0.444 442 | -0.276 853 | 0.541 106 | -0.035 571 |
azB | -0.062 381 | 0.358 848 | 0.257 206 | -0.725 356 | 0.188 600 |
azAB | -0.005 137 | 0.811 520 | -0.100 442 | -0.030 452 | -0.053 364 |
特征值 Characteristic root | 146.758 485 | 34.971 700 | 4.038 099 | 1.701 024 | 0.494 127 |
贡献率 Variance proportion (%) | 0.779 9 | 0.185 9 | 0.021 5 | 0.009 0 | 0.002 6 |
累计贡献率 Cumulative variance proportion (%) | 0.779 9 | 0.965 8 | 0.987 3 | 0.996 3 | 0.998 9 |
Table 5 Factor loadings, characteristic root, variance proportion and cumulative variance proportion of five principal components
表型性状 Phenotypic trait | 主成分1 Principal component 1 | 主成分2 Principal component 2 | 主成分3 Principal component 3 | 主成分4 Principal component 4 | 主成分5 Principal component 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SL | 0.002 198 | -0.001 052 | 0.008 378 | 0.013 340 | 0.000 401 |
SW | 0.000 218 | 0.000 513 | 0.009 554 | 0.002 810 | 0.006 186 |
SLW | 0.001 647 | -0.002 110 | -0.015 717 | 0.008 465 | -0.007 330 |
ST | 0.000 948 | 0.000 781 | 0.001 570 | 0.002 797 | -0.005 661 |
KT | 0.000 324 | 0.000 033 | 0.002 127 | 0.002 771 | -0.003 080 |
SKT | 0.001 725 | 0.005 915 | -0.007 598 | -0.014 930 | -0.022 047 |
SG | 0.098 766 | 0.012 347 | 0.160 562 | -0.028 466 | 0.019 429 |
ZG | 0.018 922 | 0.000 110 | 0.049 811 | -0.008 068 | -0.045 176 |
DZ | 0.119 856 | 0.106 334 | 0.781 486 | 0.223 995 | -0.539 594 |
GF | 0.079 642 | 0.059 780 | 0.438 917 | 0.338 906 | 0.816 078 |
GS | 0.981 859 | -0.007 729 | -0.122 500 | -0.117 189 | 0.011 604 |
azA | 0.034 673 | 0.444 442 | -0.276 853 | 0.541 106 | -0.035 571 |
azB | -0.062 381 | 0.358 848 | 0.257 206 | -0.725 356 | 0.188 600 |
azAB | -0.005 137 | 0.811 520 | -0.100 442 | -0.030 452 | -0.053 364 |
特征值 Characteristic root | 146.758 485 | 34.971 700 | 4.038 099 | 1.701 024 | 0.494 127 |
贡献率 Variance proportion (%) | 0.779 9 | 0.185 9 | 0.021 5 | 0.009 0 | 0.002 6 |
累计贡献率 Cumulative variance proportion (%) | 0.779 9 | 0.965 8 | 0.987 3 | 0.996 3 | 0.998 9 |
SL | SW | SLW | ST | KT | SKT | SG | ZG | DZ | GF | GS | azA | azB | azAB | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SL | 1.000 00 | |||||||||||||
SW | 0.357 73 | 1.000 00 | ||||||||||||
SLW | 0.499 15 | -0.614 09* | 1.000 00 | |||||||||||
ST | 0.801 89** | 0.191 87 | 0.463 28 | 1.000 00 | ||||||||||
KT | 0.930 85** | 0.404 81 | 0.399 27 | 0.844 93** | 1.000 00 | |||||||||
SKT | -0.499 75 | -0.232 70 | -0.235 14 | -0.211 65 | -0.591 62* | 1.000 00 | ||||||||
SG | 0.709 79** | 0.277 27 | 0.286 88 | 0.774 39** | 0.558 43* | 0.113 27 | 1.000 00 | |||||||
ZG | 0.913 34** | 0.247 49 | 0.524 23* | 0.861 73** | 0.877 99** | -0.369 59 | 0.795 22** | 1.000 00 | ||||||
DZ | 0.545 71* | 0.623 44* | -0.143 28 | 0.680 70** | 0.541 38* | 0.157 23 | 0.771 40** | 0.555 84* | 1.000 00 | |||||
GF | 0.575 45* | 0.646 69** | -0.098 31 | 0.558 06* | 0.452 25 | 0.015 26 | 0.736 05** | 0.481 05 | 0.833 87** | 1.000 00 | ||||
GS | 0.504 81 | 0.088 19 | 0.250 68 | 0.660 08** | 0.333 53 | 0.246 57 | 0.927 45** | 0.594 45* | 0.619 39* | 0.611 84* | 1.000 00 | |||
azA | -0.017 20 | 0.011 50 | 0.004 60 | 0.366 97 | 0.071 11 | 0.400 05 | 0.136 11 | 0.031 18 | 0.250 40 | 0.264 44 | 0.146 73 | 1.000 00 | ||
azB | -0.330 11 | 0.184 31 | -0.349 87 | -0.037 89 | -0.156 17 | 0.320 34 | -0.173 48 | -0.132 21 | 0.126 97 | 0.035 27 | -0.304 65 | 0.612 22* | 1.000 00 | |
azAB | -0.140 28 | 0.085 71 | -0.137 89 | 0.256 55 | 0.000 41 | 0.404 43 | 0.035 23 | -0.012 01 | 0.238 35 | 0.192 35 | -0.015 83 | 0.938 81** | 0.845 39** | 1.000 00 |
Table 6 Coefficient matrix between phenotypic traits of Azadirachta indica
SL | SW | SLW | ST | KT | SKT | SG | ZG | DZ | GF | GS | azA | azB | azAB | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SL | 1.000 00 | |||||||||||||
SW | 0.357 73 | 1.000 00 | ||||||||||||
SLW | 0.499 15 | -0.614 09* | 1.000 00 | |||||||||||
ST | 0.801 89** | 0.191 87 | 0.463 28 | 1.000 00 | ||||||||||
KT | 0.930 85** | 0.404 81 | 0.399 27 | 0.844 93** | 1.000 00 | |||||||||
SKT | -0.499 75 | -0.232 70 | -0.235 14 | -0.211 65 | -0.591 62* | 1.000 00 | ||||||||
SG | 0.709 79** | 0.277 27 | 0.286 88 | 0.774 39** | 0.558 43* | 0.113 27 | 1.000 00 | |||||||
ZG | 0.913 34** | 0.247 49 | 0.524 23* | 0.861 73** | 0.877 99** | -0.369 59 | 0.795 22** | 1.000 00 | ||||||
DZ | 0.545 71* | 0.623 44* | -0.143 28 | 0.680 70** | 0.541 38* | 0.157 23 | 0.771 40** | 0.555 84* | 1.000 00 | |||||
GF | 0.575 45* | 0.646 69** | -0.098 31 | 0.558 06* | 0.452 25 | 0.015 26 | 0.736 05** | 0.481 05 | 0.833 87** | 1.000 00 | ||||
GS | 0.504 81 | 0.088 19 | 0.250 68 | 0.660 08** | 0.333 53 | 0.246 57 | 0.927 45** | 0.594 45* | 0.619 39* | 0.611 84* | 1.000 00 | |||
azA | -0.017 20 | 0.011 50 | 0.004 60 | 0.366 97 | 0.071 11 | 0.400 05 | 0.136 11 | 0.031 18 | 0.250 40 | 0.264 44 | 0.146 73 | 1.000 00 | ||
azB | -0.330 11 | 0.184 31 | -0.349 87 | -0.037 89 | -0.156 17 | 0.320 34 | -0.173 48 | -0.132 21 | 0.126 97 | 0.035 27 | -0.304 65 | 0.612 22* | 1.000 00 | |
azAB | -0.140 28 | 0.085 71 | -0.137 89 | 0.256 55 | 0.000 41 | 0.404 43 | 0.035 23 | -0.012 01 | 0.238 35 | 0.192 35 | -0.015 83 | 0.938 81** | 0.845 39** | 1.000 00 |
性状 Trait | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature (℃) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SL | -0.640 9* | 0.655 8* | -0.741 4* | 0.789 5** | 0.626 7 |
SW | -0.335 2 | 0.260 6 | -0.283 3 | 0.237 9 | 0.271 6 |
SLW | -0.187 3 | 0.238 6 | -0.302 5 | 0.371 8 | 0.201 9 |
ST | -0.787 9** | 0.811 8** | -0.864 3** | 0.890 1** | 0.787 9** |
KT | -0.615 2 | 0.682 3* | -0.713 1* | 0.774 1** | 0.675 6* |
SKT | 0.244 6 | -0.317 3 | 0.269 5 | -0.300 7 | -0.354 0 |
SG | -0.667 7* | 0.601 5 | -0.744 9* | 0.753 6* | 0.559 6 |
ZG | -0.548 8 | 0.554 8 | -0.666 3* | 0.728 6* | 0.528 4 |
DZ | -0.616 8 | 0.571 5 | -0.660 3* | 0.655 3* | 0.563 9 |
GF | -0.747 9* | 0.583 8 | -0.700 0* | 0.612 0 | 0.550 1 |
GS | -0.681 4* | 0.631 0 | -0.736 6* | 0.728 2* | 0.589 5 |
azA | -0.339 3 | 0.234 0 | -0.219 9 | 0.119 1 | 0.174 8 |
azB | 0.222 2 | -0.355 3 | 0.334 3 | -0.407 1 | -0.364 1 |
azAB | -0.142 5 | 0.019 6 | -0.019 3 | -0.075 7 | -0.023 0 |
Table 7 Coefficient between phenotypic traits and geographic factors of Azadirachta indica
性状 Trait | 纬度 Latitude (N) | 经度 Longitude (E) | 海拔 Elevation (m) | 年平均气温 Annual mean air temperature (℃) | 年降水量 Annual precipitation (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SL | -0.640 9* | 0.655 8* | -0.741 4* | 0.789 5** | 0.626 7 |
SW | -0.335 2 | 0.260 6 | -0.283 3 | 0.237 9 | 0.271 6 |
SLW | -0.187 3 | 0.238 6 | -0.302 5 | 0.371 8 | 0.201 9 |
ST | -0.787 9** | 0.811 8** | -0.864 3** | 0.890 1** | 0.787 9** |
KT | -0.615 2 | 0.682 3* | -0.713 1* | 0.774 1** | 0.675 6* |
SKT | 0.244 6 | -0.317 3 | 0.269 5 | -0.300 7 | -0.354 0 |
SG | -0.667 7* | 0.601 5 | -0.744 9* | 0.753 6* | 0.559 6 |
ZG | -0.548 8 | 0.554 8 | -0.666 3* | 0.728 6* | 0.528 4 |
DZ | -0.616 8 | 0.571 5 | -0.660 3* | 0.655 3* | 0.563 9 |
GF | -0.747 9* | 0.583 8 | -0.700 0* | 0.612 0 | 0.550 1 |
GS | -0.681 4* | 0.631 0 | -0.736 6* | 0.728 2* | 0.589 5 |
azA | -0.339 3 | 0.234 0 | -0.219 9 | 0.119 1 | 0.174 8 |
azB | 0.222 2 | -0.355 3 | 0.334 3 | -0.407 1 | -0.364 1 |
azAB | -0.142 5 | 0.019 6 | -0.019 3 | -0.075 7 | -0.023 0 |
Fig. 1 Un-weight pair-group method using arithmetic aver- ages (UPGMA) cluster based on phenotypic traits of nine populations of Azadirachta indica. Populations see Table 1.
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